Perflavory
Typical G.C. analysis
chicory root oil
Table X. Comparative chemical composition (%) of the volatiles isolated by simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) and dynamic headspace of roasted chicory
#%LeftshiftComponents
520.0392- acetyl-5-methyl furan
170.3312,3- butane dione
20.0132- buten-1-al
150.0113- buten-2-one
250.018  cyclopentanone
411.787  dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone
530.067  dihydro-2(3H)-furanone
510.2222,6-bis(1,1-dimethyl ethyl)-4-methyl phenol
220.0632,3- dimethyl pyrazine
160.1872,5- dimethyl pyrazine
180.3102,6- dimethyl pyrazine
60.0313,4- dimethyl-2,5-furandione
340.0612,5- dimethyl-3-(2-methyl propyl) pyrazine
380.0732,6- dimethyl-3-(3-methyl butyl) pyrazine
200.028  ethyl pyrazine
320.0192- ethyl-3,5-dimethyl pyrazine
300.0092- ethyl-3,6-dimethyl pyrazine
260.0152- ethyl-5-methyl pyrazine
240.1122- ethyl-6-methyl pyrazine
551.2642- furan methanol
570.0552(2- furanyl methyl)-5-methyl furan
461.3381-(2- furanyl) ethanone
459.4852- furfuraldehyde
400.015N- furfuryl pyrrole
420.023N- furfuryl-2-acetyl pyrrole
430.009N- furfuryl-2-formyl pyrrole
30.057  hexanal
330.0234- hydroxy-3-methyl acetophenone
480.0091- methoxy-4-methyl benzene
390.0242- methoxymethyl furan
500.1063- methyl butyric acid
580.017  methyl hexadecanoate
10.0243- methyl pentanal
540.0162- methyl phenol
110.0271-(2-methyl propylidene) phenyl acetaldehyde
130.074  methyl pyrazine
40.0022- methyl-2-buten-1-al
100.0065-(5-methyl-2-furanyl) methyl-2-furfuraldehyde
50.0322(5-methyl-2-furanyl)-1-propanone
492.0785- methyl-2-furfuraldehyde
190.0034- methyl-2-pentanone
140.0565- methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexen-1-al
80.0172-methyl-3-beta-furyl propenal
70.0462,2-methylene bis-5-methyl furan
210.4252,3- pentane dione
270.0092,4- pentane dione
230.0123- penten-2-one
370.0222- pentyl furan
560.017  phenol
290.0181- phenyl-2-propanone
360.0012-(2- propenyl) furan
120.002  pyrazine
470.005  pyridine
310.0961-(1H- pyrrol-2-yl) ethanone
440.003  toluene
280.062  trimethyl pyrazine

H. Back and K. R. Cadwallader, Roasted chicory aroma evaluation by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry/olfactometry. J. Food Sci., 63, 234-237 (1998).

P&F 26, No. 3, 66, (2001)

chicory root roasted extract
Five years later, Sannai eta1. (1982) examined the steam volatile constituents of roasted chicory roots. Using a combination of modern analytical techniques, they identified the following volatiles:
#%LeftshiftComponents
20.154- acetyl pyrazole
103.772- acetyl pyrrole
3trace  benzaldehyde
160.37  benzoic acid
9trace  benzothiazole
150.20  coumarin
140.11  dihydroactinidiolide
120.512- formyl-5-methyl pyrrole
60.20  furfural alcohol
12.80  furfuraldehyde
110.632- furyl hydroxymethyl ketone
251.402-(5-hydroxmethyl-2-formyl pyrrol-1-yl) 4-methyl valeric acid lactone
174.275- hydroxymethyl-2-furfural
230.562-(5-hydroxymethyl)-2-formyl pyrrol-1-yl) isovaleric acid lactone
306.74  linoleic acid
312.45  linolenic acid
260.997- methoxycoumarin
270.64  methyl 3-hydroxybenzoate
80.15  methyl cyclopentenolone
217.45  methyl linoleate
222.00  methyl linolenate
180.89  methyl oleate
131.85  methyl palmitate
7trace  methyl phenyl acetate
40.045- methyl-2-furfural
290.60  oleic acid
285.80  palmitic acid
240.10  pentadecanoic acid
51.04  phenyl acetaldehyde
202.49  phenyl acetic acid
195.48  vanillin

A. Sannai, T. Fujimori and K. Kato, Studies on flavor components of roasted chicory root. Agric. Biol. Chem., 46, 429-433 (1982).

P&F 26, No. 3, 66, (2001)

cistus oil
#%LeftshiftComponents
60.1  acetophenone
1410.26- acetoxy-11-nor-drim-7-en-9-one
720.27- acetyl-2,2,6-trimethyl bicyclo(4.2.0)octane
1190.16-acetyl-5,8,8-trimethyl bicyclo(3.2.1)octan-2,3-dione
1490.213-nor- ambreinolide
1480.18-epi-13-nor- ambreinolide
780.2alpha- ambrinol
1371.4  ambrox
1440.16-oxo-isoambrox
810.9  aromadendr-1-ene
1350.3  aromadendr-1(10)-en-9-one
911.41,5-(Z)-aromadendr-9-ene
1320.11,10-seco- aromadendran-1,10-dione
1300.15-epi-1,10-seco- aromadendran-1,10-dione
861.5allo- aromadendrene
b30.4  benzoic acid
272.0  borneol
551.7  bornyl acetate
b210.93-iso butenyl-5-methyl-5-vinyl butyrolactone
1260.5  cadalene
980.4delta- cadinene
1250.6alpha- cadinol
1000.6alpha- calacorene
990.6(E)- calamenene
900.5(Z)- calamenene
b91.4gamma-campholenic acid
150.3alpha- campholenic aldehyde
100.3gamma- campholenic aldehyde
b70.3alpha-campholytic acid
b40.2gamma-campholytic acid
b52.4 camphonanic acid
b122.1alpha-camphoneic acid
180.1  camphor
600.8  carvacrol
480.2  carvenone
410.2trans- carveol
430.1cis- carveol
460.5  carvone
1380.1sesqui chamaenol
1171.8  copaborneol
1270.6  copabornyl acetate
741.1alpha- copaene
820.7  cubeb-11-ene
1134.1  cubeban-11-ol
1210.41-epi- cubenol
440.1  cuminaldehyde
b111.0beta- cyclogeranic acid
b80.9gamma-cyclogeranic acid
530.3para- cymen-7-ol
30.4para- cymene
b130.7 davanic acid
390.2  decanal
b203.8  decanoic acid
1060.21,2- dehydroglobulol
1180.33,4- dehydroglobulol
1100.21-epi-3,4- dehydroviridiflorol
1041.41,2- dehydroviridiflorol
1460.214,15- di-nor-8,13-epoxylabd-12-ene
790.1  dihydro-beta-ionene
940.2  dihydroactinidiolide
370.5neo dihydrocarveol
b156.5  dihydrocinnamic acid
b241.7 dimethyl (Z)-2-hexyl-3-methyl butendioic acid
490.22,4- dimethyl acetophenone
91.0alpha-para- dimethyl styrene
970.24,7- dimethyl tetral-1-one
b141.22,6- dimethyl-5-oxoheptanoic acid
770.2  dodecanal
700.111-nor- drim-7-ene
1390.1  drim-8-en-7-one
690.211-nor- drim-8-ene
1010.311-nor- driman-8-ol
1020.2beta- elemol
351.3  elsholtzia ketone
1360.25,11- epoxycadin-1(10)-en-9-ol
1080.85,11-epoxycadin-1(10)-ene
80.86,8- epoxymenth-1-ene
640.1  ethyl dihydrocinnamate
1240.4beta- eudesmol
1220.2gamma- eudesmol
651.6  eugenol
450.2alpha- fenchyl acetate
760.11-( fur-2-yl methyl)-2-formyl pyrrole
b192.4  geranic acid
510.2  geraniol
800.1  geranyl acetone
1090.5  gleenol
1110.2  globulol
b20.5  heptanoic acid
b10.7  hexanoic acid
1330.1(Z)-3-hexen-1-yl dihydrocinnamate
1340.3  hexyl dihydrocinnamate
590.1(2E,4E)-6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl hepta-2,4-dienal
32trace2- hydroxy-3-methyl benzaldehyde
660.22- hydroxy-4-isopropenyl toluene
680.2(E)-5-hydroxy-para-mentha-1(6),8-dien-2-one
710.3(Z)-5-hydroxy-para-mentha-1(6),8-dien-2-one
1400.110- hydroxycalamene-8,9-epoxide
1310.19- hydroxyladanifer-10-one(9(10(1))-abeo-9-hydroxyaromadendran-10-one)
500.42- hydroxypinan-3-one
870.2(E)-beta- ionone
1420.615-nor-labd-1(17)-ene
1530.4  labd-7-en-15-ol
1450.515-nor- labd-7-ene
b316.3 labd-7-enoic acid
1540.3  labd-8-en-15-ol
1430.515-nor-labd-8-ene
b324.0 labd-8-enoic acid
1520.4  labd-8(17)-en-15-ol
b305.1 labd-8(17)-enoic acid
1470.715-nor-labdan-8-ol
b232.5  lauric acid
929.3  ledene
730.2iso ledene
1161.3  ledol
120.2  linalool
70.4(E)- linalool oxide furanoid
110.2(Z)- linalool oxide furanoid
b281.0  linoleic acid
1500.3  manoyl oxide
1510.313-epi- manoyl oxide
850.1  massoia lactone
400.3(Z)-para- menth-4(8)-en-2-ol
620.12- methoxy-6-methyl acetophenone
290.3para- methyl acetophenone
521.0  methyl dihydrocinnamate
750.4  methyl eugenol
10.25- methyl furfural
20.16- methyl-5-hepten-2-one
1200.3  muurola-4,10(14)-dien-1-ol
1230.3alpha- muurolol
b252.7  myristic acid
330.9  myrtenal
b186.0  myrtenic acid
361.5  myrtenol
581.1  naginata ketone
220.2  nerol oxide
1030.2(E)- nerolidol
130.1  nonanal
b101.6  nonanoic acid
170.7(E)-3- nonen-2-one
b63.7  octanoic acid
b271.2  oleic acid
1150.1beta- oplopenone
b265.1  palmitic acid
1051.2  palustrol
1290.1  pentadecanal
420.13- phenyl propanol
231.5  pinocamphone
280.7iso pinocamphone
191.8trans- pinocarveol
240.3  pinocarvone
630.4trans- pinocarvyl acetate
470.8  piperitone
250.1  propiophenone
1280.24-iso propyl-6-methyl tetral-1-one
160.1(E)- rose oxide
140.2(Z)- rose oxide
200.1(E)- sabinol
b290.8  stearic acid
210.2(E)- tagetone
260.2(Z)- tagetone
310.8  terpinen-4-ol
340.5alpha- terpineol
1140.1  tetradecanal
890.61,1,5,6- tetramethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene
950.21,1,5,6- tetramethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene
540.2  thymol
1070.26-para-tolyl heptan-2-one
880.1  tridecanal
b160.71,5,5-trimethyl bicyclo(4.1.0)heptan-7-carboxylic acid A
b171.91,5,5-trimethyl bicyclo(4.1.0)heptan-7-carboxylic acid B
50.32,2,6- trimethyl cyclohex-2-enone
41.32,2,6- trimethyl cyclohexanone
930.21-(1,2,2- trimethyl cyclopent-1-yl) pentan-1,4-dione
960.26,6,10-trimethyl decan-2-one
300.52,2,5- trimethyl oxepan-4-one
670.21,1,6- trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene
830.14,4,7a- trimethyl-1,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-2H-inden-2-one
840.1  tuberolactone
610.2  undecanal
b220.3  undecanoic acid
380.3  verbenone
1124.3  viridiflorol
560.2  vitispirane A
570.1  vitispirane B

P. Weyerstahl, H. Marschall, M. Weirauch, K. Thefeld and H. Surburg, Constituents of commercial labdanum oil. Flav. Fragr. J., 13, 295-318 (1998).

P&F 24, No. 4, 31, (1999)

malpighia glabra fruit oil
#%LeftshiftComponents
62.102- acetyl furan
200.10  butyl hexanoate
130.101,8- cineole
291.20(E)-beta- damascenone
330.10  dihydroactinidiolide
301.108(E)-4,7-epoxymegastigma-5(11),8-diene
251.80(8,E)-2,5- epoxymegastigma-6,8-diene
240.40(8,Z)-2,5- epoxymegastigma-6,8-diene
180.10  ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate
150.30  ethyl furoate
120.20  ethyl furyl ketone
111.40  ethyl hexanoate
210.10  ethyl octanoate
356.802- furfuraldehyde
1721.50  heptanoic acid
140.60gamma- hexalactone
50.30  hexanol
40.20(Z)-3- hexen-1-ol
190.10(Z)-3- hexen-1-yl butyrate
280.303- hexen-1-yl hexanoate
10.103- hydroxy-2-butanone
271.20(E,E)-pseudo- ionone
263.30(E,Z)-pseudo ionone
310.80(E)-beta- ionone
320.10(8,Z)- megastigma-5,8-diene-4-one
80.205- methyl furfural
90.10  methyl furoate
70.70  methyl hexanoate
20.30(E)-3-methyl-2-butenol
230.20  nonanoic acid
220.10  octanoic acid
100.201- octen-3-ol
160.10iso prenyl butyrate
J. of Ess. Oil Res. 12, No. 6, 678, (2000)
osmanthus fragrans flower absolute
#%LeftshiftComponents
960.04  amyl benzoate
320.03  amyl butyrate
360.008  amyl isovalerate
104trace  amyl salicylate
800.06  anethole
1070.003  anisyl acetate
510.19  benzaldehyde
700.08  benzyl acetate
870.19  benzyl alcohol
86trace  benzyl butyrate
500.02  benzyl formate
590.16  bornyl acetate
15trace  butanal
31trace  butyl benzene
210.02  butyl butyrate
950.12  butyl phenyl acetate
62trace  butyric acid
8trace  camphene
52trace  camphor
16tracedelta-3- carene
119trace  carvacrol
71trace  carvone
200.301,8- cineole
75trace  citronellol
103tracemeta- cresol
102tracepara- cresol
26tracepara- cymene
113tracedelta- decalactone
10611.70gamma- decalactone
29trace  decanal
1170.05  decanoic acid
749.20  decanol
660.08  decyl acetate
1300.39  dibutyl phthalate
84trace  dihydrojasmone
890.282,6- dimethyl phenol
1110.03  docosane
1240.21gamma- dodecalactone
490.05  dodecanal
970.04  eicosane
20.06  ethyl acetate
130.02  ethyl benzene
430.03  ethyl decanoate
220.004  ethyl hexanoate
101trace  ethyl myristate
77trace  ethyl salicylate
1081.90  eugenol
1210.02(E)-iso eugenol
1140.02(Z)-iso eugenol
1200.18  farnesol
45trace  furfural
72trace  geranial
830.07  geraniol
73trace  geranyl acetate
680.08 geranyl formate + dodecanal
105trace  heneicosane
17trace  heptanal
94trace  heptanoic acid
90.022-heptanol + hexanal
38trace  heptyl acetate
330.01  heptyl formate
88trace  heptyl isovalerate
370.01  hexanal
810.05  hexanoic acid
390.12(Z)-3- hexen-1-ol
42trace  hexyl butyrate
35trace  hexyl propionate
1100.007  hexyl salicylate
53trace  hexyl valerate
820.86alpha- ionone
925.85beta- ionone
116trace  jasmolactone
930.02(Z)- jasmone
1280.02  lauric acid
18trace  limonene
552.36  linalool
4414.60(E)- linalool oxide furanoid
4621.10(Z)- linalool oxide furanoid
56trace  linalyl acetate
910.07 methyl alpha-ionone + quinoline
190.053- methyl butanol
60trace  methyl decanoate
118trace  methyl dihydrojasmonate
780.03  methyl dodecanoate
58trace5- methyl furfural
480.09  methyl nonanoate
1270.16  methyl oleate
1120.07  methyl palmitate
340.022- methyl-2-hepten-6-one
4trace4-methyl-2-pentenol
14trace4- methyl-3-penten-2-one
1310.03  myristic acid
990.21  nerolidol
980.04gamma- nonalactone
400.11  nonanal
630.70  nonanol
1000.11  octanoic acid
570.02  octanol
28trace2- octanone
47trace  octyl acetate
690.02  octyl valerate
1320.71  palmitic acid
30.003  pentanal
24trace pentenal
79trace2- phenethyl acetate
900.192-phenethyl alcohol + nonadecane
760.012- phenethyl formate
65trace  phenyl acetaldehyde
5tracealpha- pinene
11tracebeta- pinene
1trace  propanal
70.01  propanol
540.02  propionic acid
12trace  sabinene
850.02  safrole
1220.03alpha- santalol
1260.02beta- santalol
25trace  styrene
610.06  terpinen-4-ol
230.20gamma- terpinene
670.07alpha- terpineol
270.06  terpinolene
1250.02  tetracosane
41trace  tetradecane
1090.23  thymol
6trace  toluene
30trace  tridecane
115tracegamma- undecalactone
100.008  undecane
1233.10  undecanoic acid
64traceiso valeric acid
1290.08  vanillin
V. T. Cogiya, L. G. Kharebava, R. V. Gogiya and E. B. Gvatua, Composition of the volatile compounds in flowers of Osrnanthus fragrans (Thumb) Lour. Rastit. Resur., 22, 243-248 (1986). P&F 17, No. 3, 61, (1992)
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