|
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00 %
|
| Additional Assay Information: | sum of 2,3- 2,5- and 2,6- isomers |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | Yes |
| Specific Gravity: | 0.99700 to 1.01900 @ 25.00 °C.
|
| Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 8.296 to 8.479
|
| Specific Gravity: | 0.99700 to 1.03000 @ 25.00 °C.
|
| Pounds per Gallon - est.: | 8.296 to 8.571
|
| Refractive Index: | 1.50600 to 1.50900 @ 20.00 °C.
|
| Refractive Index: | 1.50100 to 1.51000 @ 20.00 °C.
|
| Boiling Point: | 155.00 to 157.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Vapor Pressure: | 3.449000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Vapor Density: | 3.7 ( Air = 1 ) |
| Flash Point: | 128.00 °F. TCC ( 53.33 °C. )
|
| logP (o/w): | 0.540 |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | ether | | | water, 3.816e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
| Stability: |
| | non-discoloring in most media | | | stable in most media |
Organoleptic Properties:
| |
| Odor Type: nutty |
| |
| Odor Strength: | high , recommend smelling in a 0.10 % solution or less |
| |
| Substantivity: | < 3 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
| |
| | nutty nut skin cocoa peanut butter coffee walnut caramellic roasted |
Odor Description: at 0.10 % in dipropylene glycol. | nutty nut skin cocoa peanut butter coffee walnut caramellic roasted Luebke, William tgsc, (2017) |
| |
| | musty nut skin cocoa powdery roasted potato coffee |
Odor Description:
| Musty, nut skins, cocoa powdery and roasted with potato and coffee nuances Mosciano, Gerard P&F 21, No. 6, 49, (1996) |
| |
| |
| Flavor Type: nutty |
| |
| | nutty nut skin peanut cocoa coffee roasted coffee walnut corn chip bready |
Taste Description:
| nutty nut skin peanut cocoa roasted coffee walnut corn chip bready Luebke, William tgsc, (2017) |
| |
| | musty nut skin cocoa powdery roasted coffee bready |
Taste Description: at 7.50 ppm. | Musty, nut skins, cocoa powdery, roasted coffee and bready Mosciano, Gerard P&F 21, No. 6, 49, (1996) |
| |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
| |
| Bedoukian Research |
| 2,3-DIMETHYL PYRAZINE ≥99.0%, Kosher |
| Odor Description: | A meaty, nut-like, coffee aroma |
| Taste Description: | meaty Used in meat, coffee, cocoa, soup and gravy products. |
| |
| R C Treatt & Co Ltd |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine Halal, Kosher |
| Odor Description: | nutty, peanut butter, caramel and meat, coffee and cocoa |
| Taste Description: | nutty Used in baked and dairy products, gravies, beverages, at 10ppm. |
| |
| FCI SAS |
| 2,3-DIMETHYL PYRAZINE |
| Odor Description: | Roast, coffee, meat |
| |
| |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
| Advanced Biotech |
| 2,3 DIMETHYL PYRAZINE
Odor: Cocoa, Nutty |
| Ambles Nature et Chimie |
| 2.3-DIMETHYL PYRAZINE
|
| Anhui Haibei |
| 2,3-Dimethyl Pyrazine
Odor: Green nutty coffee peanut butter walnut caramel leather |
| Anhui Suzhou Jinli Aromatic Chemicals |
| 2,3-Dimethyl Pyrazine
Odor: roast, coffee, milk, meat |
| Augustus Oils |
| 2-3 Dimethyl Pyrazine
|
| Services |
| Beijing Lys Chemicals |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine
|
| BOC Sciences |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine
|
| Charkit Chemical |
| DIMETHYLPYRAZINE, 2,3- FEMA 3271
|
| Charkit Chemical |
| DIMETHYLPYRAZINES NATURAL N9113 FEMA 3271
|
| DeLong Chemicals America |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine, Kosher
|
| Diffusions Aromatiques |
| 2,3-DIMETHYL PYRAZINE
|
| Elan Inc. |
| 2,3-DIMETHYL PYRAZINE
Kosher |
| EMD Millipore |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,3-dimethylpyrazine
|
| Endeavour Specialty Chemicals |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine 99% F&F
|
| Speciality Chemical Product Groups |
| Ernesto Ventós |
| 2,3-DIMETHYLPYRAZINE
Odor: GREEN GRASS, NUT, CHOCOLATE,ROASTED |
| FCI SAS |
| 2,3-DIMETHYL PYRAZINE
Odor: Roast, coffee, meat |
| Fleurchem |
| 2,3-dimethyl pyrazine
|
| Frutarom |
| 2-3-DIMETHYLPYRAZINE
KOSHER Flavor: Nutty, Cocoa, Caramellic, Roasted |
| CBD Offering |
| IFF |
| 2-3-DIMETHYLPYRAZINE
KOSHER Flavor: Nutty, Cocoa, Caramellic, Roasted |
| Indukern F&F |
| 2,3-DIMETHYL PYRAZINE
Odor: NUTTY, CACAO |
| Jiangyin Healthway |
| 2,3-Dimethyl Pyrazine
|
| New functional food ingredients |
| Jinan Enlighten Chemical Technology(Wutong Aroma ) |
| 2,3-Dimethyl pyrazine, Kosherk
|
| Kingchem Laboratories |
| 2, 3 DIMETHYLPYRAZINE
Odor: Roast, coffee, meat |
| Lluch Essence |
| PYRAZINE 2,3-DIMETHYL
|
| M&U International |
| 2,3-DIMETHYL PYRAZINE, Kosher
|
| M&U International |
| Nat. 2,3-Dimethyl Pyrazine
|
| Moellhausen |
| 2,3-DIMETHYL PYRAZINE
Odor: coffee, nut, cocoa Flavor: meat, nut, coffee |
| Myrazine |
| Pyrazine, 2,3-dimethyl-
EU Natural Odor: nutty coffee peanut butter walnut caramel leather |
| Pearlchem Corporation |
| 2,3-Dimethyl Pyrazine
|
| Penta International |
| 2,3-DIMETHYL PYRAZINE NATURAL 5% IN TRIACETIN
|
| Penta International |
| 2,3-DIMETHYL PYRAZINE NATURAL IN ETHYL ALCOHOL
|
| Penta International |
| 2,3-DIMETHYL PYRAZINE NATURAL
|
| Penta International |
| 2,3-DIMETHYL PYRAZINE
|
| R C Treatt & Co Ltd |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine
Halal, Kosher Odor: nutty, peanut butter, caramel and meat, coffee and cocoa Flavor: nutty Used in baked and dairy products, gravies, beverages, at 10ppm. |
| Reincke & Fichtner |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine
|
| Riverside Aromatics |
| 2,3-DIMETHYLPYRAZINE
|
| Robinson Brothers |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine F&F
|
| https://www.robinsonbrothers.uk/chemistry-competences |
| Santa Cruz Biotechnology |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine
|
| Sigma-Aldrich |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine, ≥95%, FCC, FG
Odor: almond; green; meaty; coffee |
| Certified Food Grade Products |
| Sunaux International |
| 2,3-Dimethyl Pyrazine
|
| Synerzine |
| 2,3-DIMETHYLPYRAZINE,NATURAL
|
| Synerzine |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine
|
| Taytonn ASCC |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine
Odor: Caramellic/ Caramel, Green, Nutty, Roast |
| Taytonn ASCC |
| Natural Dimethylpyrazines
Odor: Nutty, Roast, Toasted |
| TCI AMERICA |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine >98.0%(GC)
|
| Tengzhou Jitian Aroma Chemiclal |
| 2,3-Dimethyl Pyrazine
|
| Tengzhou Xiang Yuan Aroma Chemicals |
| 2,3-Dimethyl Pyrazine
|
| Tianjin Danjun International |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine
|
| United International |
| 2,3-Dimethyl Pyrazine
|
| Vigon International |
| Dimethyl-2,3 Pyrazine
|
| WholeChem |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine, Natural
|
| WholeChem |
| 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine
|
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | Xn - Harmful. |
R 10 - Flammable. R 22 - Harmful if swallowed. R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
|
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
| |
| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
gavage-rat LD50 613 mg/kg (Moran et al., 1980)
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 1390 mg/kg Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 17, Pg. 244, 1970.
oral-rat LD50 613 mg/kg Drug and Chemical Toxicology. Vol. 3, Pg. 249, 1980.
|
| Dermal Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
| Inhalation Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
| Recommendation for 2,3-dimethyl pyrazine usage levels up to: | | | 0.0500 % in the fragrance concentrate.
|
| |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 14.00 (μg/capita/day) |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 4.00 (μg/capita/day) |
| Structure Class: | II |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 5. Update in publication number(s): 29 |
| Click here to view publication 5 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | 10.00000 | 10.00000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | 10.00000 | 10.00000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | 0.00200 | 2.00000 |
| breakfast cereal: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| cheese: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| chewing gum: | 1.00000 | 1.00000 |
| condiments / relishes: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| confectionery froastings: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| egg products: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| fats / oils: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| fish products: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| frozen dairy: | 10.00000 | 10.00000 |
| fruit ices: | - | - |
| gelatins / puddings: | 10.00000 | 10.00000 |
| granulated sugar: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| gravies: | 10.00000 | 10.00000 |
| hard candy: | 10.00000 | 10.00000 |
| imitation dairy: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| instant coffee / tea: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| jams / jellies: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| meat products: | 10.00000 | 10.00000 |
| milk products: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| poultry: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | 1.00000 | 10.00000 |
| snack foods: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| soft candy: | 10.00000 | 10.00000 |
| soups: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| sugar substitutes: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
| sweet sauces: | 0.10000 | 1.00000 |
Safety References:
| Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) reference(s): |
| The FEMA GRAS assessment of pyrazine derivatives used as flavor ingredients. View pdf |
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 17 (FGE.17): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 50 (FGE.50): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17 (2005) (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 1 (FGE.17Rev1): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) [1] View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 2 (FGE.17Rev2): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 50, Revision 1 (FGE.50Rev1): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17Rev2 (2010) View page or View pdf |
Safety and efficacy of pyrazine derivatives including saturated ones belonging to chemical group 24 when used as flavourings for all animal species View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: | View |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: | Search |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 5910-89-4 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 22201 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WISER: | UN 1993 |
| WGK Germany: | 3 |
| | 2,3-dimethylpyrazine |
| Chemidplus: | 0005910894 |
| RTECS: | UQ2625000 for cas# 5910-89-4 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
| |
| For Odor |
| No odor group found for these |
| | sulfuryl octanoate | FL/FR |
|
| | butyl decanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl decanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl propionate | FL/FR |
| balsamic |
| | guaiacyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | guaiyl acetate | FL/FR |
| bready |
| | coffee furanone | FL/FR |
| | furfural | FL/FR |
| | rum ether | FL/FR |
| caramellic |
| | caramel furanone solution | FL/FR |
| | ethyl cyclopentenolone | FL/FR |
| | maltol | FL/FR |
| | shoyu furanone | FL/FR |
| | toffee furanone | FL/FR |
| | chocolate pyrazine A | FL/FR |
| | cocoa hexenal | FL/FR |
| | cocoa oleoresin | FL/FR |
| 2,5- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methoxy-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| earthy |
| 2- | ethyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| | nutty pyrazine | FL/FR |
| fermented |
| iso | amyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| floral |
| | champaca absolute | FR |
| | dimethyl benzyl carbinyl propionate | FR |
| | geranyl formate | FL/FR |
| alpha-iso | methyl ionone (90% min.) | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | tea acetate | FR |
| | tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| | cherry oxyacetate | FL/FR |
| | heptyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| green |
| 2- | heptyl furan | FL/FR |
| | magnolia flower oil | FL/FR |
| herbal |
| 6- | acetoxydihydrotheaspirane | FL/FR |
| | clary sage absolute | FL/FR |
| | clary sage oil france | FL/FR |
| licorice |
| sweet | basil oleoresin | FL/FR |
| | sulfurol | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl acetate | FL/FR |
| minty |
| dextro- | carvone | FL/FR |
| musty |
| 2- | acetyl pyrrole | FL/FR |
| ketoiso | phorone | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 2- | acetyl-3-ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3,6- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| | filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
| | filbert pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | nutty quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| 2,4,5- | trimethyl oxazole | FL/FR |
| 2,3,5- | trimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| popcorn |
| 2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| roasted |
| 2- | acetyl-2-pyrroline | |
| spicy |
| | caraway seed oleoresin | FL/FR |
| (-)- | cubenol | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
| S- | furfuryl thioformate | FL/FR |
| tobacco |
| (E,E/E,Z)- | tobacco cyclohexenone | FL/FR |
| tropical |
| | genet absolute | FL/FR |
| vanilla |
| | ethyl vanillin isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| vegetable |
| | methional | FL/FR |
| woody |
| | cyperus root oil (cyperus rotundus) | FR |
| (-)- | guaiol | FR |
| yeasty |
| laevo- | glutamic acid | CS |
| |
| For Flavor |
| |
| No flavor group found for these |
| 6- | acetoxydihydrotheaspirane | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-2-pyrroline | |
| | benzyl methyl sulfide | FL |
| | butyl decanoate | FL/FR |
| 2(4)-iso | butyl-4(2),6-dimethyl dihydro-4H-1,3,5-dithiazine | FL |
| | chocolate pyrazine A | FL/FR |
| | chocolate pyrazine B | FL |
| 6,7- | dihydro-2,3-dimethyl-5H-cyclopentapyrazine | FL |
| | dimethyl dihydrocyclopentapyrazine | FL |
| 2,5- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
| 2- | ethyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| | green pea pyrazine | FL |
| | guaiyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | magnolia flower oil | FL/FR |
| 2- | methoxy-3-propyl pyrazine | FL |
| | methyl 2-(methyl thio) acetate | FL |
| 4-( | methyl thio) butanol | FL |
| | peanut dithiazine | FL |
| | pyrazines mixture | FL |
| | sulfuryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl decanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
|
| 2,4- | dimethyl-3-oxazoline | FL |
| | sulfuryl formate | FL |
| | sulfuryl octanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl propionate | FL/FR |
| 1-(2- | thienyl) butanone | FL |
| alliaceous |
| | dicyclohexyl disulfide | FL |
| 3- | mercapto-2-pentanone | FL |
| 2- | methyl thioacetaldehyde | FL |
| bready |
| 2- | propionyl thiazole | FL |
| brown |
| | furfural | FL/FR |
| burnt |
| | furfuryl alcohol | FL |
| | rum ether | FL/FR |
| 2,4,5- | trimethyl oxazole | FL/FR |
| caramellic |
| | caramel furanone solution | FL/FR |
| | maltol | FL/FR |
| | shoyu furanone | FL/FR |
| | toffee furanone | FL/FR |
| chemical |
| 2,5- | dimethyl furan | FL |
| chocolate |
| | cocoa oleoresin | FL/FR |
| citrus |
| ketoiso | phorone | FL/FR |
| cocoa |
| | butyraldehyde | FL |
| | cocoa hexenal | FL/FR |
| coffee |
| | difurfuryl ether | FL |
| | diisoamyl thiomalate | FL |
| 2,4- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
| 2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| corn chip |
| 2- | acetyl-2-thiazoline | FL |
| fatty |
| 2- | heptyl furan | FL/FR |
| fishy |
| 4,5- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
| floral |
| alpha-iso | methyl ionone (90% min.) | FL/FR |
| | tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| | cherry oxyacetate | FL/FR |
| fusel |
| iso | amyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| green |
| | geranyl formate | FL/FR |
| | heptyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-5-isopropyl pyrazine | FL |
| | propylene glycol acetone ketal | FL |
| hay |
| | genet absolute | FL/FR |
| herbal |
| | clary sage absolute | FL/FR |
| | clary sage oil france | FL/FR |
| honey |
| | phenethyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| jammy |
| | ethyl cyclopentenolone | FL/FR |
| licorice |
| sweet | basil oleoresin | FL/FR |
| meaty |
| 2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3- | mercapto-2-butanone | FL |
| 2- | methyl 3-(methyl thio) furan | FL |
| 2- | methyl-3-tetrahydrofuran thiol | FL |
| 2- | pyridinyl methane thiol | FL |
| | sulfurol | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl acetate | FL/FR |
| metallic |
| 2,5- | dihydroxy-1,4-dithiane | FL |
| milky |
| dextro,laevo-3-( | methyl thio) butanone | FL |
| minty |
| dextro- | carvone | FL/FR |
| musty |
| 2,5- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethoxythiazole | FL |
| | propionaldehyde | FL |
| 2,3,5- | trimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 2- | acetyl pyrrole | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3-ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3,6- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3,5(6)- | cocoa pyrazine | FL |
| 3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | coffee furanone | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl-6-methyl pyrazine | FL |
| | filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
| | filbert pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methoxy-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | nutty pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | nutty quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| (E,E/E,Z)- | tobacco cyclohexenone | FL/FR |
| phenolic |
| | guaiacyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| popcorn |
| 2- | propionyl-2-thiazoline | FL |
| roasted |
| 2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
| spicy |
| | caraway seed oleoresin | FL/FR |
| (-)- | cubenol | FL/FR |
| sulfurous |
| S- | furfuryl thioformate | FL/FR |
| | methyl 2-methyl-3-furyl disulfide | FL |
| 3- | methyl-2-butane thiol | FL |
| | potato butanone | FL |
| tomato |
| | methional | FL/FR |
| vanilla |
| | ethyl vanillin isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| vegetable |
| | potato butyraldehyde | FL |
| waxy |
| | furfuryl octanoate | FL |
| winey |
| 5- | ethyl-2-methyl pyridine | FL |
| |
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| 2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine FCC | | 2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine natural 5% in ethyl alcohol | | 2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine natural 5% in ethyl alcohol, kosher | | 2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine, kosher | | 2,3- | dimethyl-1,4-diazine | | | dimethyl-2,3 pyrazine | | 2,3- | dimethyl-pyrazine | | 2,3- | dimethylpyrazin | | 2, 3 | dimethylpyrazine | | 2,3- | dimethylpyrazine | | 2,3- | dimethylpyrazine, kosher | | | pyrazine, 2,3-dimethyl- | | | pyrazine, dimethyl- |
Articles:
| US Patents: | 3,931,166 - Certain 2,5-dimethyl-3-thiopyrazines |
| PubMed: | Relevant and unprecedented C-H/σ supramolecular interactions involving σ-aromatic M2X2 cores. |
| PubMed: | Determination of the alkylpyrazine composition of coffee using stable isotope dilution-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SIDA-GC-MS). |
| PubMed: | Volatile profiling of high quality hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.): chemical indices of roasting. |
| PubMed: | Odorant-evoked electrical responses in Grueneberg ganglion neurons rely on cGMP-associated signaling proteins. |
| PubMed: | Double Schiff base adducts of 2,3-butanedione with glycine: formation of pyrazine rings with the participation of amino acid carbon atoms. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of cocoa liquors by GC-MS and LC-MS/MS: focus on alkylpyrazines and flavanols. |
| PubMed: | Comparison of fermented soybean paste (Doenjang) prepared by different methods based on profiling of volatile compounds. |
| PubMed: | Phorid fly, Pseudacteon tricuspis, response to alkylpyrazine analogs of a fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, alarm pheromone. |
| PubMed: | Crystal transformation and host molecular motions in CO2 adsorption process of a metal benzoate pyrazine (M(II) = Rh, Cu). |
| PubMed: | Biodegradation of the major color containing compounds in distillery wastewater by an aerobic bacterial culture and characterization of their metabolites. |
| PubMed: | Syntheses, structures, and photoluminescence of a series of silver(I) sulfonates with pyrazine derivatives. |
| PubMed: | Structural study of silver(I) sulfonate complexes with pyrazine derivatives. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis, crystal structure, thermal and luminescence properties of CuX(2,3-dimethylpyrazine) (X=Cl, Br, I) coordination polymers. |
| PubMed: | Construction of polyoxometalates-based coordination polymers through direct incorporation between polyoxometalates and the voids in a 2D network. |
| PubMed: | Degradation of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine by Rhodococcus erythropolis strain DP-45 isolated from a waste gas treatment plant of a fishmeal processing company. |
| PubMed: | Investigations on the synthesis, structures, and properties of new copper(I) 2,3-dimethylpyrazine coordination compounds. |
| PubMed: | Effect of citric acid and glycine addition on acrylamide and flavor in a potato model system. |
| PubMed: | Influence of steric hindrance of organic ligand on the structure of Keggin-based coordination polymer. |
| PubMed: | Identification of components responsible for the odor of cigar smoker's breath. |
| PubMed: | Determination of the 2H/1H and 15N/14N ratios of Alkylpyrazines from coffee beans (Coffea arabica L. and Coffea canephoravar. robusta) by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Aroma compounds in sweet whey powder. |
| PubMed: | Effects of static vs. tidal hydrology on pollutant transformation in wetland sediments. |
| PubMed: | Growth and angiogenesis are inhibited in vivo in developing tissues by pyrazine and its derivatives. |
| PubMed: | Thermal decomposition of specifically phosphorylated D-glucoses and their role in the control of the Maillard reaction. |
| PubMed: | A study by ultraviolet spectroscopy on the self-association of diazines in aqueous solution. |
| PubMed: | Identification of aroma compounds in Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese by gas chromatography/olfactometry. |
| PubMed: | Use of gas chromatography-olfactometry to identify key odorant compounds in dark chocolate. Comparison of samples before and after conching. |
| PubMed: | Poly[copper(I)-mu-bromo-mu-2,3-dimethylpyrazine-N:N']. |
| PubMed: | Effects of olive, canola, and sunflower oils on the formation of volatiles from the Maillard reaction of lysine with xylose and glucose. |
| PubMed: | 2,3-dimethyl-5-(2-methylpropyl)pyrazine, a trail pheromone component of Eutetramorium mocquerysi Emery (1899) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). |
| PubMed: | Formation of sugar-specific reactive intermediates from (13)C-labeled L-serines. |
| PubMed: | Effects of Maillard reaction products on mutagen formation in boiled pork juice. |
| PubMed: | Effects of dimethylpyrazine isomers on reproductive and accessory reproductive organs in male rats. |
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