|
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | yellow to yellow green clear liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 96.00 to 100.00 %
|
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | Yes |
| Melting Point: | -52.00 to -51.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Boiling Point: | 108.00 to 112.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Vapor Pressure: | 20.000000 mmHg @ 20.00 °C. |
| Vapor Density: | 3.4 ( Air = 1 ) |
| Flash Point: | 66.00 °F. TCC ( 18.89 °C. )
|
| logP (o/w): | -0.850 |
| Shelf Life: | 24.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly. |
| Storage: | store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | fixed oils | | | propylene glycol | | | water, 66700 mg/L @ 15 °C (exp) |
| Insoluble in: |
| | water | | | glycerin |
| Similar Items: note |
| pentane-2,4-dione |
| 1,5-pentane dione |
Organoleptic Properties:
| |
| Odor Type: buttery |
| |
| Odor Strength: | high , recommend smelling in a 1.00 % solution or less |
| |
| Substantivity: | 12 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
| |
| | pungent sweet buttery creamy caramellic nutty cheesy |
Odor Description: at 1.00 % in dipropylene glycol. | pungent sweet butter creamy caramel nutty cheese Luebke, William tgsc, (1987) |
| |
| | buttery nutty toasted caramellic buttery |
Odor Description:
| Buttery, nutty, toasted, caramellic, diacetyl and acetoin notes Mosciano, Gerard P&F 22, No. 1, 57, (1997) |
| |
| |
| Flavor Type: toasted |
| |
| | toasted buttery caramellic marshmallow molasses |
Taste Description: at 5.00 ppm. | Toasted, buttery and caramellic with marshmallow and molasses nuances Mosciano, Gerard P&F 22, No. 1, 57, (1997) |
| |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
| |
| Sigma-Aldrich |
| 2,3-Pentanedione, ≥96%, FCC, FG |
| Odor Description: | almond; butter; caramel; cheese; chocolate; creamy; nutty; fruity; sweet; coffee |
| Taste Description: | creamy sweet butter brown fruity |
| |
| Symrise |
| Pentandione-2,3 |
| Taste Description: | sweet, buttery, creamy, milky, toffee, with a fruity nuance Useful in: brown caramel, brown nuts, brown coffee, brown others, dairy, savory meat, fruity red, fruity yellow, sweet others, alcoholics. |
| |
| Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics |
| Acetyl Propionyl Natural |
| Odor Description: | Buttery, nutty, toasted, caramellic, diacetyl and acetoin notes |
| |
| |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
| ACS International |
| Pentanedione-2,3
|
| Operational Capabilities |
| ACS International |
| Pentanedione-2,3
Odor: butter toasted caramelic molasses |
| Advanced Biotech |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL NATURAL
93% min. (mixed keto-enol) Odor: Sweet, buttery |
| Advanced Biotech |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL SYNTHETIC
93% min. Odor: Sweet, buttery |
| Alfrebro |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL NATURAL
Odor: Penetrating, Buttery |
| Ambles Nature et Chimie |
| 2.3-PENTANEDIONE
|
| Anhui Haibei |
| Acetyl Propionyl
|
| Apple Flavor & Fragrance |
| 2,3-Pentadione
|
| Artiste |
| Acetyl Propionyl Natural
|
| Augustus Oils |
| Acetyl Propionyl
|
| Services |
| Aurochemicals |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL, Natural
|
| Beijing Lys Chemicals |
| 2,3-Pentanedione
|
| Beijing Lys Chemicals |
| Natural Acetyl propionyl
|
| Berjé |
| Acetyl Propionyl Natural
|
| Media |
| BOC Sciences |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,3-Pentanedione
|
| Carbosynth |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,3-Pentanedione
|
| Charkit Chemical |
| PENTANEDIONE, 2,3- P0050 FEMA 2841
|
| CJ Latta & Associates |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL
|
| DeLong Chemicals America |
| 2,3-Pentanedione
|
| Diffusions Aromatiques |
| 2-3 PENTANEDIONE
|
| Elan Inc. |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL
Kosher |
| EMD Millipore |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,3-Pentanedione
|
| Ernesto Ventós |
| 2,3-PENTANEDIONE NATURAL
Odor: BUTTER, CHEESE, PUNGENT |
| Ernesto Ventós |
| 2,3-PENTANEDIONE
Odor: BUTTER, CHEESE, PUNGENT |
| FCI SAS |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL NATURAL EU
Flavor: Butter |
| Fleurchem |
| acetyl propionyl natural
|
| Frutarom |
| 2,3-PENTANEDIONE 98
KOSHER Flavor: Buttery, Cheesy, Nutty |
| CBD Offering |
| H. Interdonati, Inc. |
| Acetylpropionyl Natural, Kosher
|
| Featured Products |
| IFF |
| 2,3-PENTANEDIONE 98
KOSHER Flavor: Buttery, Cheesy, Nutty |
| Indukern F&F |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL NATURAL
Odor: BUTTER, CHEESE, OILY |
| Indukern F&F |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL
Odor: BUTTER, CHEESE, OILY |
| Jiangyin Healthway |
| Acetyl Propionyl Natural99%
|
| New functional food ingredients |
| Jinan Enlighten Chemical Technology(Wutong Aroma ) |
| 2,3-Pentanedione, Kosherk
|
| K.L. Koh Enterprise |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL
|
| Kingchem Laboratories |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL NATURAL
|
| Kingchem Laboratories |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL SYNTH
|
| Lluch Essence |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL NATURAL
|
| Lluch Essence |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL
|
| M&U International |
| 2,3-PENTANEDIONE, Kosher
|
| M&U International |
| NAT. 2,3-PENTANEDIONE
|
| Moellhausen |
| 2,3-PENTANEDIONE
|
| Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics |
| Acetyl Propionyl
Odor: Buttery, nutty, toasted, caramellic, diacetyl and acetoin notes |
| Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics |
| Acetyl Propionyl
Natural Odor: Buttery, nutty, toasted, caramellic, diacetyl and acetoin notes |
| Natural Advantage |
| Acetyl Propionyl Nat
Flavor: buttery, creamy, fatty, oily |
| Riverside Aromatics LTD.is the exclusive distributor for Europe in UK for any non-US based inquiries |
| O'Laughlin Industries |
| 2,3-PENTANEDIONE
|
| O'Laughlin Industries |
| ACETYL PROPRIONYL NATURAL
|
| Oamic Ingredients |
| Acetyl Propionyl
EU Natural Odor: Penetrating, buttery on dilution |
| OQEMA |
| Acetyl Propionyl natural
|
| Pearlchem Corporation |
| Acetyl Propionyl
|
| Pfaltz & Bauer |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Acetylpropionyl 97%
|
| Phoenix Aromas & Essential Oils |
| Acetyl Proprionyl Natural
|
| R C Treatt & Co Ltd |
| Acetyl Propionyl
|
| Reincke & Fichtner |
| Acetyl Propionyl natural
|
| Reincke & Fichtner |
| Acetyl Propionyl
|
| Riverside Aromatics |
| 2,3-PENTANEDIONE NATURAL
|
| Robertet |
| Acetyl propionyl naturel
|
| Seasons and Harvest / Crop calendar |
| Santa Cruz Biotechnology |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,3-Pentanedione ≥96%
|
| Sigma-Aldrich |
| 2,3-Pentanedione, ≥96%, FCC, FG
Odor: almond; butter; caramel; cheese; chocolate; creamy; nutty; fruity; sweet; coffee |
| Certified Food Grade Products |
| Sigma-Aldrich |
| 2,3-Pentanedione, natural, ≥96%, FG
Odor: almond; butter; caramel; cheese; chocolate; creamy; nutty; fruity; sweet; coffee |
| SRS Aromatics |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL
|
| Sunaux International |
| 2,3-Pentanedione
|
| Synerzine |
| acetyl propionyl (natural)
|
| Synerzine |
| acetyl propionyl (synthetic)
|
| Taytonn ASCC |
| 2,3-Pentanedione
Odor: Buttery, Caramellic/ Caramel, Sweet |
| TCI AMERICA |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,3-Pentanedione >97.0%(GC)
|
| The Lermond Company |
| ACETYL PROPIONYL
|
| Tianjin Danjun International |
| 2,3-Pentanedione
|
| United International |
| 2,3-Pentanedione
|
| Vigon International |
| Acetyl Propionyl FCC (2,3-Pentanedione)
Odor: POWERFUL, PENETRATING ODOR (BUTTERY CHARACTER ON DILUTION) |
| Vigon International |
| Acetyl Propionyl FCC Pure
|
| Vigon International |
| Acetyl Propionyl Natural FCC (2,3-Pentanedione)
Odor: Pungent sweet butter creamy caramel nutty cheese |
| WholeChem |
| Acetyl Propionyl, Natural
|
| WholeChem |
| Acetyl Propionyl
|
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | Xi - Irritant |
R 11 - Highly flammable. R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
|
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
| |
| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Human Experience: |
| 4 % solution: no irritation or sensitization. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 3000 mg/kg (Moreno, 1977d)
|
| Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rabbit LD50 > 2500 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 699, 1979.
|
| Inhalation Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
| Recommendation for acetyl propionyl usage levels up to: | | | 0.0800 % in the fragrance concentrate.
|
| |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 130.00 (μg/capita/day) |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 3. Update in publication number(s): 29 |
| Click here to view publication 3 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | 5.00000 | 11.00000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | 1.00000 | 2.00000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | 3.00000 | 10.00000 |
| breakfast cereal: | 12.00000 | 12.00000 |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | 0.04000 | 0.04000 |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - |
| confectionery froastings: | 0.30000 | 0.30000 |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | - | - |
| frozen dairy: | 4.00000 | 10.00000 |
| fruit ices: | - | - |
| gelatins / puddings: | 4.00000 | 8.00000 |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | 0.20000 | 0.40000 |
| hard candy: | 40.00000 | 58.00000 |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | - |
| meat products: | 4.00000 | 6.00000 |
| milk products: | - | - |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | - | - |
| poultry: | - | - |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
| snack foods: | - | - |
| soft candy: | 4.00000 | 11.00000 |
| soups: | - | - |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | 0.30000 | 0.60000 |
Safety References:
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 11 (FGE.11): Aliphatic dialcohols, diketones, and hydroxyketones from chemical group 10 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 11, Revision 1 (FGE.11Rev1) - Aliphatic dialcohols, diketones, and hydroxyketones from chemical group 10 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
Safety and efficacy of secondary aliphatic saturated or unsaturated alcohols, ketones, ketals and esters with a second secondary or tertiary oxygenated functional group belonging to chemical group 10 when used as flavourings for all animal species View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: | View |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: | Search |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 600-14-6 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 11747 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WISER: | UN 1224 |
| WGK Germany: | 1 |
| | pentane-2,3-dione |
| Chemidplus: | 0000600146 |
| RTECS: | SA1850000 for cas# 600-14-6 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
| |
| For Odor |
| No odor group found for these |
| | butter starter distillates | FL/FR |
| acidic |
| iso | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl butyric acid | FL/FR |
| aldehydic |
| | acetyl nonyryl | FL/FR |
| animal |
| | costus valerolactone | FR |
| anisic |
| para- | anisaldehyde | FL/FR |
| balsamic |
| 2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| siam | benzoin resinoid | FL/FR |
| | benzyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | cinnamyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | methyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| 3- | phenyl propyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| berry |
| | raspberry ketone | FL/FR |
| bready |
| | coffee furanone | FL/FR |
| buttery |
| | acetoin | FL/FR |
| | acetoin dimer | FL/FR |
| | acetoin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| | acetyl butyryl | FL/FR |
| | acetyl isobutyryl | FL/FR |
| | apple butter fragrance | FR |
| | butter fragrance | FR |
| | butter oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| | butyl butyryl lactate | FL/FR |
| iso | butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| | butyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| 2,3- | heptane dione | FL/FR |
| 3,4- | hexane dione | FL/FR |
| caramellic |
| 2-oxo | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| | cyclotene | FL/FR |
| alpha,alpha- | dimethyl anisyl acetone | FL/FR |
| | ethyl maltol | FL/FR |
| | levulinic acid | FL/FR |
| | maltol | FL/FR |
| | strawberry furanone | FL/FR |
| | strawberry furanone acetate | FL/FR |
| cheesy |
| | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl valeric acid | FL/FR |
| chocolate |
| iso | amyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| citrus |
| | bergamot oil | FL/FR |
| blood | orange oil italy | FL/FR |
| sweet | orange peel oil c.p. brazil | FL/FR |
| cocoa |
| | cocoa butter fragrance | FR |
| coconut |
| | coconut decanone methyl | FR |
| delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| delta-2- | dodecenolactone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | heptalactone | FL/FR |
| delta- | nonalactone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| gamma- | octalactone | FL/FR |
| delta- | undecalactone | FL/FR |
| coumarinic |
| epsilon- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| 2,3- | butane diol | FR |
| gamma- | butyrolactone | FL/FR |
| | creamy lactone | FL/FR |
| | cyclotene propionate | FL/FR |
| 3- | heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone | FL/FR |
| (Z)-gamma- | jasmolactone | FR |
| delta- | tridecalactone | FL/FR |
| para- | vanillic acid | FL/FR |
| para- | vanillyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | waxy lactone | FL/FR |
| earthy |
| 1- | nonen-3-ol | FL/FR |
| ethereal |
| iso | valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| fatty |
| | butter esters | FL/FR |
| | butyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
| (Z)- | dairy lactone | FL/FR |
| 7- | decen-4-olide | FL/FR |
| | ethyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
| delta- | juniper lactone | FL/FR |
| 4- | methyl octanoic acid | FL/FR |
| fermented |
| | butyl laevo-lactate | FL/FR |
| floral |
| | acetophenone | FL/FR |
| para- | anisyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl lactate | FL/FR |
| | bois de rose oil brazil | FL/FR |
| | coriander seed oil | FL/FR |
| | cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
| | dimethyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| | floral pyranol | FR |
| | geraniol | FL/FR |
| | geranyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | heliotropin | FL/FR |
| | heliotropyl acetone | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl salicylate | FL/FR |
| | hydroxycitronellal | FL/FR |
| | jasmin pyranone | FL/FR |
| | leerall | FR |
| | linalool | FL/FR |
| laevo- | linalool | FL/FR |
| | linalool oxide | FL/FR |
| | linalyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| para- | methyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
| | methyl dihydrojasmonate | FL/FR |
| | nerol | FL/FR |
| | ocean propanal | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | rose butanoate | FL/FR |
| | tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| | acetoin acetate | FL/FR |
| 1- | acetoxyacetone | FL/FR |
| | amyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl propionate | FL/FR |
| gamma- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| (S)-delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| | ethyl lactate | FL/FR |
| | farnesyl acetone | FL/FR |
| | methyl (Z)-5-octenoate | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl butyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| 2- | nonanone | FL/FR |
| | prenyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | propylene glycol dibutyrate | |
| | sorbyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | strawberry furanone butyrate | FL/FR |
| gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| green |
| iso | butyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
| | butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | hepten-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | heptenal | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | heptenal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl benzoate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | hexyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| (E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal | FL/FR |
| hay |
| | beeswax absolute | FL/FR |
| | linalyl acetate | FL/FR |
| marine |
| | marine pyridine | FR |
| melon |
| (Z)-6- | nonenal | FL/FR |
| | watermelon ketone | FR |
| milky |
| laevo- | glutamine | CS |
| mushroom |
| 3- | octen-2-ol | FL/FR |
| 1- | octen-3-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
| (-)-(E,R)- | filbertone | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
| oily |
| | butter acids | FL/FR |
| plastic |
| 1- | phenyl-1,2-propane dione | FL/FR |
| popcorn |
| 2- | acetyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| soapy |
| | ethyl undecanoate | FL/FR |
| spicy |
| | allspice oil | FL/FR |
| | cassia bark oil china | FL/FR |
| | clove bud oil | FL/FR |
| alpha- | methyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| sweet |
| | vanilla oleoresin bali | FL/FR |
| terpenic |
| alpha- | terpineol | FL/FR |
| tonka |
| 6- | amyl-alpha-pyrone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | hexalactone | FL/FR |
| | mint lactone | FL/FR |
| | tonka bean absolute | FR |
| | whiskey lactone | FL/FR |
| tropical |
| delta- | dodecalactone | FL/FR |
| | glyceryl 5-hydroxydecanoate | FL/FR |
| | glyceryl 5-hydroxydodecanoate | FL/FR |
| vanilla |
| ortho- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
| | ethyl vanillin | FL/FR |
| | ethyl vanillin isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| | vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia) | FL/FR |
| | vanillin | FL/FR |
| | vanillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | vanillyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | vanillylidene acetone | FL/FR |
| | methional | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| | allyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| 5(6)- | decenoic acid | FL/FR |
| | ethyl palmitate | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl heptanoic acid | FL/FR |
| | methyl laurate | FL/FR |
| 2- | nonanol | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | octen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | octyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| delta- | tetradecalactone | FL/FR |
| | undecanoic acid | FL/FR |
| woody |
| | amber carbinol | FR |
| | santall | FR |
| |
| For Flavor |
| |
| No flavor group found for these |
| 1- | acetoxyacetone | FL/FR |
| (E)- | aconitic acid | FL |
| | allyl methyl trisulfide | FL |
| | amyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl lactate | FL/FR |
| | butter nut rum flavor | FL |
| | butyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| | cinnamyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| | cyclotene propionate | FL/FR |
| (S)-delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| 7- | decen-4-olide | FL/FR |
| 6- | decenoic acid | FL |
| alpha,alpha- | dimethyl anisyl acetone | FL/FR |
| ortho- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
| delta-2- | dodecenolactone | FL/FR |
| | ethyl butyryl lactate | FL |
| | farnesyl acetone | FL/FR |
| 3-( | methyl thio) hexanal | FL |
| 4,5- | octane dione | FL |
| (E)-2- | octen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | prenyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | propylene glycol dibutyrate | |
| | sodium 4-methyl-2-oxovalerate | FL |
| acidic |
| iso | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| | levulinic acid | FL/FR |
| aldehydic |
| | acetyl nonyryl | FL/FR |
| alliaceous |
| 3- | tetrahydrothiophenone | FL |
| amber |
| iso | butyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
| anisic |
| para- | anisyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| balsamic |
| siam | benzoin resinoid | FL/FR |
| | ethyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | vanillylidene acetone | FL/FR |
| berry |
| | heliotropyl acetone | FL/FR |
| | raspberry ketone | FL/FR |
| bitter |
| | glyceryl tributyrate | FL |
| brown |
| | beeswax absolute | FL/FR |
| 2-oxo | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| burnt |
| 2- | methyl quinoxaline | FL |
| buttery |
| | acetoin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| | bovolide | FL |
| | butter cream frosting flavor | FL |
| | butter enhancers | FL |
| | butter flavor | FL |
| sweet | butter flavor | FL |
| creamy | butter flavor | FL |
| | butter maple flavor | FL |
| | butter nut vanilla flavor | FL |
| | butter oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| | butter pecan flavor | FL |
| | butter praline flavor | FL |
| | butter starter distillates | FL/FR |
| | butter toffee flavor | FL |
| | butter vanilla nut flavor | FL |
| iso | butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| | butyl laevo-lactate | FL/FR |
| | butyroin | FL |
| | diacetyl | FL |
| | ghee flavor | FL |
| 2,3- | heptane dione | FL/FR |
| 3,4- | hexane dione | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl valeric acid | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | pentenoic acid | FL |
| cabbage |
| | methyl 2-thiofuroate | FL |
| caramellic |
| | butter rum toffee flavor | FL |
| | caramel furanone | FL |
| | cyclotene | FL/FR |
| | ethyl maltol | FL/FR |
| | maltol | FL/FR |
| toasted | maple nut flavor | FL |
| toasted | marshmallow flavor | FL |
| 3- | methyl butyl 2-furyl butyrate | FL |
| 1- | phenyl-1,2-propane dione | FL/FR |
| toasted | praline flavor | FL |
| | strawberry furanone | FL/FR |
| | strawberry furanone acetate | FL/FR |
| cheesy |
| 2- | nonanone | FL/FR |
| cherry |
| | heliotropin | FL/FR |
| chocolate |
| | chocolate butter cream flavor | FL |
| citrus |
| | bergamot oil | FL/FR |
| | butter lemon orange flavor | FL |
| laevo- | linalool | FL/FR |
| | linalool | FL/FR |
| | nerol | FL/FR |
| blood | orange oil italy | FL/FR |
| sweet | orange peel oil c.p. brazil | FL/FR |
| alpha- | terpineol | FL/FR |
| coconut |
| delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| (R)- | massoia lactone | FL |
| 6- | methyl coumarin | FL |
| gamma- | nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| corn chip |
| 2- | acetyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| creamy |
| | acetoin | FL/FR |
| | acetoin butyrate | FL |
| | acetyl butyryl | FL/FR |
| | acetyl ethyl carbinol | FL |
| | acetyl isobutyryl | FL/FR |
| 6- | amyl-alpha-pyrone | FL/FR |
| para- | anisaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | butter esters | FL/FR |
| | butter fat enzyme modified with added butyric acid | FL |
| | butyl butyryl lactate | FL/FR |
| | creamy lactone | FL/FR |
| 5(6)- | decenoic acid | FL/FR |
| 5,5- | dibutyl dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one | FL |
| | divanillin | FL |
| delta- | dodecalactone | FL/FR |
| | glyceryl 5-hydroxydecanoate | FL/FR |
| | glyceryl 5-hydroxydodecanoate | FL/FR |
| gamma- | hexalactone | FL/FR |
| | jasmin pyranone | FL/FR |
| para- | methyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
| | mint lactone | FL/FR |
| delta- | nonalactone | FL/FR |
| | octyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| delta- | tridecalactone | FL/FR |
| delta- | undecalactone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| para- | vanillic acid | FL/FR |
| para- | vanillyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | waxy lactone | FL/FR |
| dairy |
| | acetoin dimer | FL/FR |
| | methyl (Z)-5-octenoate | FL/FR |
| 4- | pentenoic acid | FL |
| earthy |
| 1- | nonen-3-ol | FL/FR |
| fatty |
| | butter acids | FL/FR |
| (Z)- | dairy lactone | FL/FR |
| | diacetyl trimer | FL |
| | ethyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl benzoate | FL/FR |
| delta- | juniper lactone | FL/FR |
| 4- | methyl octanoic acid | FL/FR |
| 2,4- | octadien-1-ol | FL |
| 2,4- | undecadienal | FL |
| (E,E)-2,4- | undecadienal | FL |
| floral |
| iso | amyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | bois de rose oil brazil | FL/FR |
| | geraniol | FL/FR |
| | linalyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | linalyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | methyl dihydrojasmonate | FL/FR |
| | ocean propanal | FL/FR |
| | tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| | acetoin acetate | FL/FR |
| | acetyl isovaleryl | FL |
| | benzyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl propionate | FL/FR |
| gamma- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| | dimethyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl lactate | FL/FR |
| 3- | heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl butyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl butyric acid | FL/FR |
| | rose butanoate | FL/FR |
| | sorbyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | strawberry furanone butyrate | FL/FR |
| iso | valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| green |
| | butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| | cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
| | geranyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | heptanal 2,3-butane diol acetal | FL |
| (Z)-4- | hepten-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | heptenal | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | heptenal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl salicylate | FL/FR |
| | hexyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | linalool oxide | FL/FR |
| (E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal | FL/FR |
| (Z)-6- | nonenal | FL/FR |
| 2,3- | octane dione | FL |
| herbal |
| | coriander seed oil | FL/FR |
| 5- | hydroxymethyl furfural | FL |
| honey |
| | phenethyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| lactonic |
| gamma- | heptalactone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | octalactone | FL/FR |
| milky |
| gamma- | butyrolactone | FL/FR |
| mushroom |
| 3- | octen-2-ol | FL/FR |
| 1- | octen-3-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| | butter pecan cake flavor | FL |
| | coffee furanone | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
| (-)-(E,R)- | filbertone | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
| powdery |
| | acetophenone | FL/FR |
| solvent |
| 2- | ethyl furan | FL |
| sour |
| | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| spicy |
| | allspice oil | FL/FR |
| | benzyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | benzylidene acetone | FL |
| spiced | butter rum flavor | FL |
| | cassia bark oil china | FL/FR |
| | cinnamon butter pecan flavor | FL |
| | cinnamon nut butter rum flavor | FL |
| | clove bud oil | FL/FR |
| alpha- | methyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | methyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| 3- | phenyl propyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | honey distillates | FL |
| | vanilla butter nut flavor | FL |
| | vanilla oleoresin bali | FL/FR |
| tomato |
| | methional | FL/FR |
| vanilla |
| | ethyl vanillin | FL/FR |
| | ethyl vanillin isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| | vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia) | FL/FR |
| | vanillin | FL/FR |
| | vanillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | vanillyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| | allyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| | butyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
| epsilon- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| | ethyl palmitate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl undecanoate | FL/FR |
| | hydroxycitronellal | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl heptanoic acid | FL/FR |
| | methyl laurate | FL/FR |
| 2- | nonanol | FL/FR |
| | octyl 2-furoate | FL |
| delta- | tetradecalactone | FL/FR |
| | undecanoic acid | FL/FR |
| winey |
| 5- | ethyl-2-methyl pyridine | FL |
| woody |
| | whiskey lactone | FL/FR |
| |
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | acetyl propanal | | | acetyl propanal FCC | | | acetyl propionyl | | | acetyl propionyl FCC | | | acetyl propionyl FCC natural | | | acetyl propionyl FCC pure | | | acetyl propionyl natural | | | acetyl propionyl naturel | | | acetyl propionyl synthetic | | | acetyl propionyl, natural | | | acetyl proprionyl natural | | | acetylpropanal | | | acetylpropionyl | | beta,gamma- | dioxopentane | | 2,3- | pentadione | | | pentan-2,3-dione | | 2,3- | pentandione FCC | | | pentandione-2,3 | | 2,3- | pentane dione | | | pentane-2,3-dione | | 2,3- | pentanedione | | 2,3- | pentanedione (acetyl propionyl) |
Articles:
| US Patents: | 3,952,024 - Furfurylthioacetone |
| PubMed: | Characterization of the key odorants in pan-fried white mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus L.) by means of molecular sensory science: comparison with the raw mushroom tissue. |
| PubMed: | Identification of aroma active compounds of cereal coffee brew and its roasted ingredients. |
| PubMed: | Diacetyl levels and volatile profiles of commercial starter distillates and selected dairy foods. |
| PubMed: | Proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry monitoring of the evolution of volatile compounds during lactic acid fermentation of milk. |
| PubMed: | Analysis of volatile flavor compounds of sardine (Sardinops melanostica) by solid phase microextraction. |
| PubMed: | Solid-phase microextraction method development for headspace analysis of volatile flavor compounds. |
| PubMed: | Aroma comparisons of traditional and mild yogurts: headspace gas chromatography quantification of volatiles and origin of alpha-diketones. |
| PubMed: | Sensory investigation of yogurt flavor perception: mutual influence of volatiles and acidity. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of volatile aroma compounds in different brewing barley cultivars. |
| PubMed: | Diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione exposures associated with cigarette smoking: implications for risk assessment of food and flavoring workers. |
| PubMed: | Cardiac hypoxia imaging: second-generation analogues of 64Cu-ATSM. |
| PubMed: | Evaluation of the hypersensitivity potential of alternative butter flavorings. |
| PubMed: | Popcorn flavoring effects on reactivity of rat airways in vivo and in vitro. |
| PubMed: | Computational design of short-chain dehydrogenase Gox2181 for altered coenzyme specificity. |
| PubMed: | Chromatographic analysis of methylglyoxal and other ±-dicarbonyls using gas-diffusion microextraction. |
| PubMed: | Influence of valine and other amino acids on total diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione levels during fermentation of brewer's wort. |
| PubMed: | Mechanistic insights into the LsrK kinase required for autoinducer-2 quorum sensing activation. |
| PubMed: | LuxS affects biofilm maturation and detachment of the periodontopathogenic bacterium Eikenella corrodens. |
| PubMed: | Identification of aroma active compounds of cereal coffee brew and its roasted ingredients. |
| PubMed: | Still searching for better butter flavoring. |
| PubMed: | LuxS influences Escherichia coli biofilm formation through autoinducer-2-dependent and autoinducer-2-independent modalities. |
| PubMed: | AI-2 analogs and antibiotics: a synergistic approach to reduce bacterial biofilms. |
| PubMed: | Construction of self-cloning bottom-fermenting yeast with low vicinal diketone production by the homo-integration of ILV5. |
| PubMed: | Effect of sugars on liquid-vapour partition of volatile compounds in ready-to-drink coffee beverages. |
| PubMed: | Heterologous expression of sahH reveals that biofilm formation is autoinducer-2-independent in Streptococcus sanguinis but is associated with an intact activated methionine cycle. |
| PubMed: | Deep sequencing of Porphyromonas gingivalis and comparative transcriptome analysis of a LuxS mutant. |
| PubMed: | Respiratory and olfactory cytotoxicity of inhaled 2,3-pentanedione in Sprague-Dawley rats. |
| PubMed: | Development of a method for the determination of advanced glycation end products precursors by liquid chromatography and its application in human urine samples. |
| PubMed: | C4-alkoxy-HPD: a potent class of synthetic modulators surpassing nature in AI-2 quorum sensing. |
| PubMed: | Deconvoluting interspecies bacterial communication. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of the key odorants in raw Italian hazelnuts ( Corylus avellana L. var. Tonda Romana) and roasted hazelnut paste by means of molecular sensory science. |
| PubMed: | Diacetyl levels and volatile profiles of commercial starter distillates and selected dairy foods. |
| PubMed: | Recent progresses on AI-2 bacterial quorum sensing inhibitors. |
| PubMed: | Transcriptional and metabolomic consequences of LuxS inactivation reveal a metabolic rather than quorum-sensing role for LuxS in Lactobacillus reuteri 100-23. |
| PubMed: | Bronchial and bronchiolar fibrosis in rats exposed to 2,3-pentanedione vapors: implications for bronchiolitis obliterans in humans. |
| PubMed: | Effect of interspecies quorum sensing on the formation of aerobic granular sludge. |
| PubMed: | Color, lipid oxidation, sensory quality, and aroma compounds of beef steaks displayed under different levels of oxygen in a modified atmosphere package. |
| PubMed: | Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of endemic Viola tianshanica. |
| PubMed: | RbsB (NTHI_0632) mediates quorum signal uptake in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae strain 86-028NP. |
| PubMed: | A multivalent probe for AI-2 quorum-sensing receptors. |
| PubMed: | Quorum sensing control of phosphorus acquisition in Trichodesmium consortia. |
| PubMed: | The response of type 2 quorum sensing in Klebsiella pneumoniae to a fluctuating culture environment. |
| PubMed: | Inhibition of LuxS by S-ribosylhomocysteine analogues containing a [4-aza]ribose ring. |
| PubMed: | Atmospheric chemistry of 2,3-pentanedione: photolysis and reaction with OH radicals. |
| PubMed: | Effects on membrane lateral pressure suggest permeation mechanisms for bacterial quorum signaling molecules. |
| PubMed: | UV photolysis of α-cyclohexanedione in the gas phase. |
| PubMed: | Helicobacter pylori perceives the quorum-sensing molecule AI-2 as a chemorepellent via the chemoreceptor TlpB. |
| PubMed: | Processing the interspecies quorum-sensing signal autoinducer-2 (AI-2): characterization of phospho-(S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione isomerization by LsrG protein. |
| PubMed: | Effect of oxidoreduction potential on aroma biosynthesis by lactic acid bacteria in nonfat yogurt. |
| PubMed: | Identification and measurement of diacetyl substitutes in dry bakery mix production. |
| PubMed: | Quantitation of key peanut aroma compounds in raw peanuts and pan-roasted peanut meal. Aroma reconstitution and comparison with commercial peanut products. |
| PubMed: | Freshness characterisation of whiting (Merlangius merlangus) using an SPME/GC/MS method and a statistical multivariate approach. |
| PubMed: | Elucidation of the conformational free energy landscape in H.pylori LuxS and its implications to catalysis. |
| PubMed: | Synthetic analogs tailor native AI-2 signaling across bacterial species. |
| PubMed: | In Helicobacter pylori auto-inducer-2, but not LuxS/MccAB catalysed reverse transsulphuration, regulates motility through modulation of flagellar gene transcription. |
| PubMed: | Proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry monitoring of the evolution of volatile compounds during lactic acid fermentation of milk. |
| PubMed: | Staphylococcus aureus AI-2 quorum sensing associates with the KdpDE two-component system to regulate capsular polysaccharide synthesis and virulence. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of two aldo-keto reductases from Gluconobacter oxydans 621H capable of regio- and stereoselective alpha-ketocarbonyl reduction. |
| PubMed: | Products and mechanism of the reaction of chlorine atoms with 3-pentanone in 700-950 torr of N(2)/O(2) diluent at 297-515 K. |
| PubMed: | Degradation of glucose: reinvestigation of reactive alpha-Dicarbonyl compounds. |
| PubMed: | Inhibition of S-ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS) by substrate analogues modified at the ribosyl C-3 position. |
| PubMed: | Autoinducer-2-based chemical communication in bacteria: complexities of interspecies signaling. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of an aldolase-dehydrogenase complex that exhibits substrate channeling in the polychlorinated biphenyls degradation pathway. |
| PubMed: | Decoding the key aroma compounds of a Hungarian-type salami by molecular sensory science approaches. |
| PubMed: | Identification, quantification, and determination of the absolute configuration of the bacterial quorum-sensing signal autoinducer-2 by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Probing the catalytic mechanism of S-ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS) with catalytic intermediates and substrate analogues. |
| PubMed: | Furanones, potential agents for preventing Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm infections? |
| PubMed: | HMOX1 and NQO1 genes are upregulated in response to contact sensitizers in dendritic cells and THP-1 cell line: role of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. |
| PubMed: | Gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis of the volatile compounds of two commercial Irish beef meats. |
| PubMed: | Biofilm formation and autoinducer-2 signaling in Streptococcus intermedius: role of thermal and pH factors. |
| PubMed: | The EGL-4 PKG acts with KIN-29 salt-inducible kinase and protein kinase A to regulate chemoreceptor gene expression and sensory behaviors in Caenorhabditis elegans. |
| PubMed: | An unexpected switch in the modulation of AI-2-based quorum sensing discovered through synthetic 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione analogues. |
| PubMed: | Indole cell signaling occurs primarily at low temperatures in Escherichia coli. |
| PubMed: | Analysis of volatile flavor compounds of sardine (Sardinops melanostica) by solid phase microextraction. |
| PubMed: | LuxS and expression of virulence factors in Streptococcus intermedius. |
| PubMed: | Autoinducer-2-regulated genes in Streptococcus mutans UA159 and global metabolic effect of the luxS mutation. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of the key aroma compounds in soy sauce using approaches of molecular sensory science. |
| PubMed: | Genetic and physiological characterization of the Borrelia burgdorferi ORF BB0374-pfs-metK-luxS operon. |
| PubMed: | The quorum-sensing molecule autoinducer 2 regulates motility and flagellar morphogenesis in Helicobacter pylori. |
| PubMed: | AI-2 quorum sensing affects antibiotic susceptibility in Streptococcus anginosus. |
| PubMed: | Spectroscopic characterization of chromium(III), manganese(II) and nickel(II) complexes with a nitrogen donor tetradentate, 12-membered azamacrocyclic ligand. |
| PubMed: | Regulated synthesis of the Borrelia burgdorferi inner-membrane lipoprotein IpLA7 (P22, P22-A) during the Lyme disease spirochaete's mammal-tick infectious cycle. |
| PubMed: | Unifying mechanism for bacterial cell signalers (4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione, lactones and oligopeptides): electron transfer and reactive oxygen species. Practical medical features. |
| PubMed: | Diketone radical cations: ketonic and enolic forms as revealed by matrix EPR studies and DFT calculations. |
| PubMed: | Proteome analysis of Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 propanol metabolism. |
| PubMed: | Phosphorylation and processing of the quorum-sensing molecule autoinducer-2 in enteric bacteria. |
| PubMed: | Purification, characterization, and gene cloning of glycerol dehydrogenase from Hansenula ofunaensis, and its expression for production of optically active diol. |
| PubMed: | Efficient metal-catalyzed direct benzylation and allylic alkylation of 2,4-pentanediones. |
| PubMed: | Ac2-DPD, the bis-(O)-acetylated derivative of 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione (DPD) is a convenient stable precursor of bacterial quorum sensing autoinducer AI-2. |
| PubMed: | Enthalpies of formation, bond dissociation energies, and molecular structures of the n-aldehydes (acetaldehyde, propanal, butanal, pentanal, hexanal, and heptanal) and their radicals. |
| PubMed: | Functional analysis of luxS in the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG reveals a central metabolic role important for growth and biofilm formation. |
| PubMed: | Catalytic mechanism of S-ribosylhomocysteinase: ionization state of active-site residues. |
| PubMed: | AI-3 synthesis is not dependent on luxS in Escherichia coli. |
| PubMed: | Heats of formation of the propionyl ion and radical and 2,3-pentanedione by threshold photoelectron photoion coincidence spectroscopy. |
| PubMed: | Autoinducer 2: a concentration-dependent signal for mutualistic bacterial biofilm growth. |
| PubMed: | Characterisation of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented milk "laban". |
| PubMed: | Design and synthesis of substrate and intermediate analogue inhibitors of S-ribosylhomocysteinase. |
| PubMed: | Freshwater bioluminescence in Vibrio albensis (Vibrio cholerae biovar albensis) NCIMB 41 is caused by a two-nucleotide deletion in luxO. |
| PubMed: | Functionality of Borrelia burgdorferi LuxS: the Lyme disease spirochete produces and responds to the pheromone autoinducer-2 and lacks a complete activated-methyl cycle. |
| PubMed: | Spectroscopic characterization and EPR spectral studies on transition metal complexes with a novel tetradentate, 12-membered macrocyclic ligand. |
| PubMed: | Evidence for distinct L-methionine catabolic pathways in the yeast Geotrichum candidum and the bacterium Brevibacterium linens. |
| PubMed: | Let LuxS speak up in AI-2 signaling. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis of alpha-substituted fosmidomycin analogues as highly potent Plasmodium falciparum growth inhibitors. |
| PubMed: | Role of the solvent glycerol in the Maillard reaction of d-fructose and l-alanine. |
| PubMed: | A furanosyl-carbonate autoinducer in cell-to-cell communication of V. harveyi. |
| PubMed: | Identification of potent odorants formed during the preparation of extruded potato snacks. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis of autoinducer 2 by the lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. |
| PubMed: | Chemical synthesis of (S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione, a bacterial signal molecule precursor, and validation of its activity in Salmonella typhimurium. |
| PubMed: | Crystal structure of S-ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS) in complex with a catalytic 2-ketone intermediate. |
| PubMed: | Mechanism of action of S-ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS). |
| PubMed: | Salmonella typhimurium recognizes a chemically distinct form of the bacterial quorum-sensing signal AI-2. |
| PubMed: | Catalytic mechanism of S-ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS): stereochemical course and kinetic isotope effect of proton transfer reactions. |
| PubMed: | Boron binding with the quorum sensing signal AI-2 and analogues. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis and biological validation of a ubiquitous quorum-sensing molecule. |
| PubMed: | Determination of urinary glyoxal and methylglyoxal by high-performance liquid chromatography. |
| PubMed: | Volatile compounds produced in cheese by Enterobacteriaceae strains of dairy origin. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis of erythro-alpha-amino beta-hydroxy carboxylic acid esters by diastereoselective photocycloaddition of 5-methoxyoxazoles with aldehydes. |
| PubMed: | Proteolysis, volatile compounds, and sensory evaluation in Hispánico cheese manufactured with the addition of a thermophilic adjunct culture, nisin, and calcium alginate-nisin microparticles. |
| PubMed: | Chemical synthesis of S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine and activity assay as a LuxS substrate. |
| PubMed: | Catalytic mechanism of S-ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS): direct observation of ketone intermediates by 13C NMR spectroscopy. |
| PubMed: | Alternative pathway for the formation of 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione, the proposed precursor of 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone as well as autoinducer-2, and its detection as natural constituent of tomato fruit. |
| PubMed: | The kinetic method as a structural diagnostic tool: ionized alpha-diketones as loosely one-electron bonded diacylium ion dimers. |
| PubMed: | S-Ribosylhomocysteinase (LuxS) is a mononuclear iron protein. |
| PubMed: | Isolation of regioisomers of N-alkylprotoporphyrin IX from chick embryo liver after treatment with porphyrinogenic xenobiotics. |
| PubMed: | Aroma components of cooked tail meat of American lobster (Homarus americanus). |
| PubMed: | Aroma-active components of nonfat dry milk. |
| PubMed: | The Caenorhabditis elegans odr-2 gene encodes a novel Ly-6-related protein required for olfaction. |
| PubMed: | Approaches to wine aroma: release of aroma compounds from reactions between cysteine and carbonyl compounds in wine. |
| PubMed: | Solid-phase microextraction method development for headspace analysis of volatile flavor compounds. |
| PubMed: | Aroma comparisons of traditional and mild yogurts: headspace gas chromatography quantification of volatiles and origin of alpha-diketones. |
| PubMed: | Sensory investigation of yogurt flavor perception: mutual influence of volatiles and acidity. |
| PubMed: | Origin of 2,3-pentanedione and 2,3-butanedione in D-glucose/L-alanine Maillard model systems. |
| PubMed: | Investigation of the reaction between 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone and cysteine or hydrogen sulfide at pH 4.5. |
| PubMed: | The phnIJ genes encoding acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (acylating) and 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase in Pseudomonas sp. DJ77 and their evolutionary implications. |
| PubMed: | Urinary excretion of biomarkers of oxidative kidney damage induced by ferric nitrilotriacetate. |
| PubMed: | Aldehyde dehydrogenase (CoA-acetylating) and the mechanism of ethanol formation in the amitochondriate protist, Giardia lamblia. |
| PubMed: | Excretion of multiple urinary biomarkers for radical induced damage in rats treated with three different nephrotoxic compounds. |
| PubMed: | The Caenorhabditis elegans seven-transmembrane protein ODR-10 functions as an odorant receptor in mammalian cells. |
| PubMed: | Regulation of CYP 2 A 5 induction by porphyrinogenic agents in mouse primary hepatocytes. |
| PubMed: | Inhibition of the reconstituted mitochondrial oxoglutarate carrier by arginine-specific reagents. |
| PubMed: | Identification of N-acetylcysteine conjugates of 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane: evidence for cytochrome P450 and glutathione mediated bioactivation pathways. |
| PubMed: | Analysis of aldehydes and ketones from beer as O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine derivatives. |
| PubMed: | Cloning and expression of the gene encoding alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase from Acetobacter aceti ssp. xylinum in brewer's yeast. |
| PubMed: | Relations between compositional traits and sensory qualities of French dry-cured ham. |
| PubMed: | Fluorimetric determination of diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione with isoniazide and a zirconium salt. |
| PubMed: | Kinetics of alpha-dicarbonyls reduction by L-glycol dehydrogenase (NAD+) from Enterobacter aerogenes. |
| PubMed: | Formation of N-methyl protoporphyrin in chemically-induced protoporphyria. Studies with a novel porphyrogenic agent. |
| PubMed: | Purification and properties of the physically associated meta-cleavage pathway enzymes 4-hydroxy-2-ketovalerate aldolase and aldehyde dehydrogenase (acylating) from Pseudomonas sp. strain CF600. |
| PubMed: | Purification of liver aldehyde dehydrogenase by p-hydroxyacetophenone-sepharose affinity matrix and the coelution of chloramphenicol acetyl transferase from the same matrix with recombinantly expressed aldehyde dehydrogenase. |
| PubMed: | Degradation of vinyl acetate by soil, sewage, sludge, and the newly isolated aerobic bacterium V2. |
| PubMed: | Purification and properties of two oxidoreductases catalyzing the enantioselective reduction of diacetyl and other diketones from baker's yeast. |
| PubMed: | Inactivation of Escherichia coli L-threonine dehydrogenase by 2,3-butanedione. Evidence for a catalytically essential arginine residue. |
| PubMed: | Kinetics of the diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione reduction by diacetyl reductase (alpha-diketone reductase (NAD)) from Staphylococcus aureus. |
| PubMed: | Stereoselective synthesis of (1-alkoxyalkyl) alpha- and beta-D-glucopyranosiduronates (acetal-glucopyranosiduronates): a new approach to specific cytostatics for the treatment of cancer. |
| PubMed: | Purification and characterization of diacetyl-reducing enzymes from Staphylococcus aureus. |
| PubMed: | Towards diacetyl-less brewers' yeast. Influence of ilv2 and ilv5 mutations. |
| PubMed: | Syntheses of homologous omega-aminated 1-methoxyalkyl beta-D-glucopyranosides as potential beta-D-glucosidase inhibitors. |
| PubMed: | Desmutagenic effect of alpha-dicarbonyl and alpha-hydroxycarbonyl compounds against mutagenic heterocyclic amines. |
| PubMed: | Kinetics of alpha-dicarbonyls reduction by L-glycol dehydrogenase from hen muscle. |
| PubMed: | Specificity of the Westerfeld adaptation of the Voges-Proskauer test. |
| PubMed: | Roles of arginyl residues in pyridoxamine-5'-phosphate oxidase from rabbit liver. |
| PubMed: | Modification of essential arginine residues of pigeon liver malic enzyme. |
| PubMed: | [Effects of 2,5-hexanediol, 2,4-pentanedione, acetone and 2-heptanone on the secretory responsiveness of the sweat glands in rats (author's transl)]. |
| PubMed: | Investigation of reaction intermediates of the urea-diacetylmonoxime reaction. |
| PubMed: | [Gaschromatographical determination of diacetyl, acetoin, and 2,3-pentanedione in wine (author's transl)]. |
| PubMed: | Microbial metabolism of amino alcohols. 1-Aminopropan-2-ol and ethanolamine metabolism via propionaldehyde and acetaldehyde in a species of Pseudomonas. |
| PubMed: | Formation of 2,3-pentanediol from 2,3-pentanedione and acetylethylcarbinol by diacetyl(acetoin)reductase from Aerobacter aerogenes. A possible new pathway. |
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