|
Category: flavoring agents and cosmetic fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | colorless clear liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 98.00 to 100.00 %
|
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | Yes |
| Specific Gravity: | 0.80000 to 0.83500 @ 25.00 °C.
|
| Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 6.657 to 6.948
|
| Refractive Index: | 1.36000 to 1.39500 @ 20.00 °C.
|
| Melting Point: | -96.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Boiling Point: | 74.00 to 75.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Acid Value: | 5.00 max. KOH/g
|
| Vapor Pressure: | 88.500000 mmHg @ 20.00 °C. |
| Vapor Density: | 2.5 ( Air = 1 ) |
| Flash Point: | 12.00 °F. TCC ( -11.11 °C. )
|
| logP (o/w): | 0.880 |
| Shelf Life: | 6.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly. |
| Storage: | store under nitrogen. |
| Storage: | refrigerate in tightly sealed containers. store under nitrogen. |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, 1 part to 27 parts water | | | water, 2.385e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | | | water, 7.10E+04 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| |
| Odor Type: chocolate |
| |
| | pungent cocoa musty green malty bready |
Odor Description: at 1.00 % in dipropylene glycol. | pungent cocoa musty green malty bready Luebke, William tgsc, (1987) |
| |
| | pungent cocoa musty green malty |
Odor Description: at 1.00 %. | Pungent, diffusive, cocoa, choking, musty, green, malty Mosciano, Gerard P&F 24, No. 2, 49, (1999) |
| |
| |
| Flavor Type: cocoa |
| |
| | cocoa green grain fermented |
Taste Description: at 10.00 ppm. | Cocoa, green, grainy, fermented Mosciano, Gerard P&F 24, No. 2, 49, (1999) |
| |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
| |
| Alfrebro |
| n-BUTYRALDEHYDE NATURAL |
| Odor Description: | Fruity, Ethereal, Meat |
| |
| Indukern F&F |
| BUTYRIC ALDEHYDE |
| Odor Description: | ALDEHYDIC, FRUITY, GREEN, CACAO |
| |
| |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
| Advanced Biotech |
| BUTYRALDEHYDE NATURAL
95% min. |
| Alfrebro |
| n-BUTYRALDEHYDE NATURAL
Odor: Fruity, Ethereal, Meat |
| Ambles Nature et Chimie |
| BUTYRALDEHYDE NAT
|
| Aurochemicals |
| BUTYRALDEHYDE, Natural
|
| Axxence Aromatic |
| N-BUTYRALDEHYDE Natural
Kosher |
| Sustainability |
| Berjé |
| N-Butyraldehyde
|
| Media |
| Charkit Chemical |
| BUTYRALDEHYDE
|
| Eastman Chemical |
| Butyraldehyde, Dry
Odor: characteristic Use: Eastman™ Butyraldehyde is used as a fragrance intermediate. |
| EMD Millipore |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Butyraldehyde
|
| Excellentia International |
| Butyraldehyde, n- Natural
|
| Fleurchem |
| butyraldehyde natural
|
| H. Interdonati, Inc. |
| Butyraldehyde Natural, Kosher
|
| Featured Products |
| Indukern F&F |
| BUTYRIC ALDEHYDE NATURAL
Odor: ALDEHYDIC, FRUITY, GREEN, CACAO |
| Indukern F&F |
| BUTYRIC ALDEHYDE
Odor: ALDEHYDIC, FRUITY, GREEN, CACAO |
| Inoue Perfumery |
| BUTANAL
|
| Jiangyin Healthway |
| Butyraldehyde
|
| New functional food ingredients |
| Lluch Essence |
| BUTYRIC ALDEHYDE NATURAL
|
| Lluch Essence |
| BUTYRIC ALDEHYDE
|
| M&U International |
| NAT.BUTYRALDEHYDE, Kosher
|
| O'Laughlin Industries |
| BUTYRALDEHYDE NATURAL
|
| Pearlchem Corporation |
| Natural Butyraldehyde
|
| Penta International |
| n-BUTYRALDEHYDE NATURAL
|
| Penta International |
| n-BUTYRALDEHYDE
|
| Reincke & Fichtner |
| Butyraldehyde natural
|
| Reincke & Fichtner |
| Butyraldehyde
|
| Santa Cruz Biotechnology |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Butyraldehyde
|
| Sigma-Aldrich |
| Butyraldehyde, ≥96.0%
Odor: apple; chocolate; creamy; meaty; ethereal; fruity; pear; vegetable |
| Certified Food Grade Products |
| Sigma-Aldrich |
| Butyraldehyde, natural, ≥95%, FG
Odor: apple; chocolate; creamy; meaty; ethereal; fruity; pear; vegetable |
| Sunaux International |
| nat.Butyraldehyde
|
| Taytonn ASCC |
| N-Butyraldehyde
Odor: Aldehydic/ Aldehyde, Fruity, Malt, Strong |
| TCI AMERICA |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Butyraldehyde >98.0%(GC)
|
| WEN International |
| N-BUTYRALDEHYDE Natural
|
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | Xi - Irritant |
R 11 - Highly flammable. R 38 - Irritating to skin. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 07/09 - Keep container tightly closed and in well-ventilated place. S 23 - Do not breath vapour. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
|
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
| |
| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 2490 mg/kg National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0516688
intraperitoneal-rat LD50 800 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 731, 1979.
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 1140 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 731, 1979.
|
| Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rabbit LD50 3560 ul/kg Union Carbide Data Sheet. Vol. 7/20/1965
subcutaneous-rat LD50 10000 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. Vol. 6, Pg. 299, 1950.
subcutaneous-mouse LD50 2700 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC
KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: HEMATURIA Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. Vol. 6, Pg. 299, 1950.
|
| Inhalation Toxicity: |
inhalation-mouse LC50 44610 mg/m3/2H "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982Vol. -, Pg. 30, 1982.
inhalation-mammal (species unspecified) LC50 38000 mg/m3 Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 51(5), Pg. 61, 1986.
inhalation-rat TCLo 8000 ppm/4H National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0516688
|
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | flavoring agents and cosmetic fragrance agents |
| Recommendation for butyraldehyde usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
|
| |
| Structure Class: | I |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 3 |
| Click here to view publication 3 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | - | 5.40000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 0.71000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | 0.50000 |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | - | - |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - |
| confectionery froastings: | - | 0.25000 |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | - | - |
| frozen dairy: | - | 4.80000 |
| fruit ices: | - | 4.80000 |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | - | - |
| hard candy: | - | 2.90000 |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | - |
| meat products: | - | - |
| milk products: | - | - |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | - | - |
| poultry: | - | - |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
| snack foods: | - | - |
| soft candy: | - | - |
| soups: | - | - |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 3, Revision 1 (FGE.03Rev1): Acetals of branched- and straight-chain aliphatic saturated primary alcohols and branched- and straight-chain saturated or unsaturated aldehydes, an ester of a hemiacetal and an orthoester of formic acid, from chemical groups 1, 2 & 4 Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) [1] - Scientific Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC)on a request from the Commission View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 10, Revision 1 (FGE10 Rev1)[1] - Aliphatic primary and secondary saturated and unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, acetals, carboxylic acids and esters containing an additional oxygenated functional group and lactones from chemical groups 9, 13 and 30 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of straight-chain primary aliphatic alcohols/aldehydes/acids, acetals and esters with esters containing saturated alcohols and acetals containing saturated aldehydes (chemical group 1) when used as flavourings for all animal species View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: | View |
| NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards: | search |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: | Search |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA GENetic TOXicology: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 123-72-8 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 261 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WISER: | UN 1129 |
| WGK Germany: | 1 |
| | butanal |
| Chemidplus: | 0000123728 |
| EPA/NOAA CAMEO: | hazardous materials |
| RTECS: | 123-72-8 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
| |
| For Odor |
| balsamic |
| 2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| | amyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| iso | amyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | amyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | butyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| bready |
| | coffee furanone | FL/FR |
| | furfural | FL/FR |
| caramellic |
| | fenugreek oleoresin | FL/FR |
| | maltol | FL/FR |
| | shoyu furanone | FL/FR |
| | toffee furanone | FL/FR |
| chocolate |
| iso | amyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | chocolate pyrazine A | FL/FR |
| | cocoa hexenal | FL/FR |
| | cocoa oleoresin | FL/FR |
| | cocoa pentenal | FL/FR |
| 2,5- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,4,5- | trimethyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| citrus |
| | methyl heptenone | FL/FR |
| cocoa |
| 2-iso | butyl-3,5-(and 3,6)-dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl butyraldehyde | FL/FR |
| 1- | hydroxy-2-butanone | FL/FR |
| earthy |
| (S)-1- | octen-3-ol | FL/FR |
| iso | propyl formate | FL/FR |
| fatty |
| | hexyl pivalate | FR |
| fermented |
| 3- | methyl-1-pentanol | FL/FR |
| | valeraldehyde | FL/FR |
| floral |
| | amyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| | cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
| | ethyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| | butyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | tetrahydrofurfuryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| green |
| 2-sec- | butyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| | phenyl acetaldehyde | FL/FR |
| herbal |
| gamma- | valerolactone | FL/FR |
| minty |
| dextro- | carvone | FL/FR |
| musty |
| 2- | acetyl pyrrole | FL/FR |
| | cocoa butenal | FL/FR |
| 3,6- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | filbert pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,3,5,6- | tetramethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,3,5- | trimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | vinyl sulfurol | FL/FR |
| popcorn |
| 2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| roasted |
| | fenugreek resinoid | FL/FR |
| spicy |
| | caraway seed oleoresin | FL/FR |
| | eugenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | heptyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| | octyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| |
| For Flavor |
| |
| No flavor group found for these |
| | amyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| | amyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | butyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| 2-iso | butyl-3,5-(and 3,6)-dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2(4)-iso | butyl-4(2),6-dimethyl dihydro-4H-1,3,5-dithiazine | FL |
| | chocolate pyrazine A | FL/FR |
| | chocolate pyrazine B | FL |
| | cyclohexyl methyl pyrazine | FL |
| 4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl thiazole | FL |
| 2- | methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| (S)-1- | octen-3-ol | FL/FR |
| | peanut dithiazine | FL |
| 3- | propyl pyridine | FL |
| balsamic |
| | amyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| bitter |
| | methyl ethoxypyrazine | FL |
| bready |
| 2- | propionyl thiazole | FL |
| brown |
| | fenugreek oleoresin | FL/FR |
| | furfural | FL/FR |
| 1- | hydroxy-2-butanone | FL/FR |
| burnt |
| | furfuryl alcohol | FL |
| caramellic |
| | fenugreek resinoid | FL/FR |
| | maltol | FL/FR |
| | shoyu furanone | FL/FR |
| | toffee furanone | FL/FR |
| chocolate |
| | cocoa oleoresin | FL/FR |
| | cocoa propanal | FL |
| cocoa |
| | cocoa hexenal | FL/FR |
| coffee |
| | diisoamyl thiomalate | FL |
| corn chip |
| 2- | acetyl-2-thiazoline | FL |
| floral |
| iso | amyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| iso | amyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | cocoa pentenal | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| | butyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| 2,4- | hexadien-1-ol | FL |
| | phenethyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| iso | propyl formate | FL/FR |
| | tetrahydrofurfuryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| fusel |
| 2- | methyl butyraldehyde | FL/FR |
| green |
| | cocoa butenal | FL/FR |
| | cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl butyraldehyde | FL |
| | methyl heptenone | FL/FR |
| honey |
| | ethyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | phenyl acetaldehyde | FL/FR |
| meaty |
| 2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| metallic |
| 2,5- | dihydroxy-1,4-dithiane | FL |
| minty |
| dextro- | carvone | FL/FR |
| musty |
| 2,5- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | propionaldehyde | FL |
| 2,3,5- | trimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl pyrrole | FL/FR |
| 3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3,6- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | coffee furanone | FL/FR |
| 2,4- | dimethyl-5-vinyl thiazole | FL |
| | filbert pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | peanut oxazole | FL |
| 2,3,5,6- | tetramethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,4,5- | trimethyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| | vinyl sulfurol | FL/FR |
| roasted |
| 2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| solvent |
| 2- | ethyl furan | FL |
| spicy |
| | caraway seed oleoresin | FL/FR |
| | eugenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| tonka |
| gamma- | valerolactone | FL/FR |
| vegetable |
| 2-sec- | butyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| | furfuryl octanoate | FL |
| | heptyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| | octyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| whiskey |
| 3- | methyl-1-pentanol | FL/FR |
| winey |
| | valeraldehyde | FL/FR |
| |
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | aldehyde butyrique | | | aldeide butirrica | | | butal | | | butalyde | | | butan-1-al | | | butanal | | 1- | butanal | | N- | butanal | | | butyl aldehyde | | N- | butyl aldehyde | | N- | butylaldehyde | | | butyral | | N- | butyraldehyde | | nat. | butyraldehyde | | | butyraldehyde 99%, (naturals) | | N- | butyraldehyde FCC | | | butyraldehyde natural | | N- | butyraldehyde natural | | | butyraldehyde, dry | | N- | butyraldehyde, natural | | | butyric aldehyde | | | butyric aldehyde natural | | | butyrylaldehyde |
Articles:
| Info: | Volatile Flavor Components in Bogyojosaeng and Suhong Cultivars of Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) |
| PubMed: | Evaluation of volatile aldehydes as discriminating parameters in quality vinegars with protected European geographical indication. |
| PubMed: | The Role of Hydroxyl Group Acidity on the Activity of Silica-Supported Secondary Amines for the Self-Condensation of n-Butanal. |
| PubMed: | Activation of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway through covalent modification of the 2-alkenal group of aliphatic electrophiles in Coriandrum sativum L. |
| PubMed: | Quantitative analysis of volatile organic compounds released and consumed by rat L6 skeletal muscle cells in vitro. |
| PubMed: | In vitro determination of volatile compound development during starter culture-controlled fermentation of Cucurbitaceae cotyledons. |
| PubMed: | Effects of Pheromone and Plant Volatile Release Rates and Ratios on Trapping Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in China. |
| PubMed: | Development of a method for identification and accurate quantitation of aroma compounds in Chinese Daohuaxiang liquors based on SPME using a sol-gel fibre. |
| PubMed: | Diverse functional evolution of serine decarboxylases: identification of two novel acetaldehyde synthases that uses hydrophobic amino acids as substrates. |
| PubMed: | Predicted 3D structures of olfactory receptors with details of odorant binding to OR1G1. |
| PubMed: | Effect of extraction and concentration processes on properties of longan syrup. |
| PubMed: | Investigation of C3-C10 aldehydes in the exhaled breath of healthy subjects using selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). |
| PubMed: | OH-Initiated Photooxidations of 1-Pentene and 2-Methyl-2-propen-1-ol: Mechanism and Yields of the Primary Carbonyl Products. |
| PubMed: | Binding of aroma compounds with myofibrillar proteins modified by a hydroxyl-radical-induced oxidative system. |
| PubMed: | Volatile Organic Compounds during Inflammation and Sepsis in Rats: A Potential Breath Test Using Ion-mobility Spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Investigation of volatile metabolites during growth of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by needle trap-GC-MS. |
| PubMed: | Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds Liberated and Metabolised by Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) In Vitro. |
| PubMed: | Reactions of the selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry reagent ions H3O(+) and NO(+) with a series of volatile aldehydes of biogenic significance. |
| PubMed: | Ethanol, isobutanol, and biohydrocarbons as gasoline components in relation to gaseous emissions and particulate matter. |
| PubMed: | Common gas phase molecules from fungi affect seed germination and plant health in Arabidopsis thaliana. |
| PubMed: | Transcriptome Profile Analysis of Saturated Aliphatic Aldehydes Reveals Carbon Number-Specific Molecules Involved in Pulmonary Toxicity. |
| PubMed: | Theoretical study of the gas-phase reactions of NO3 radical with a series of trans-2-unsaturated aldehydes: from acrolein to trans-2-octenal. |
| PubMed: | A synthetic O2 -tolerant butanol pathway exploiting native fatty acid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. |
| PubMed: | Simulation of the breakthrough behavior of volatile organic compounds against sorbent tube sampler as a function of concentration level and sampling volume. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis of core-shell structured zeolite-A@mesoporous silica composites for butyraldehyde adsorption. |
| PubMed: | Use of solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for determination of urinary volatile organic compounds in autistic children compared with healthy controls. |
| PubMed: | Chemical characterization of Brickellia cavanillesii (Asteraceae) using gas chromatographic methods. |
| PubMed: | An exploration on the suitability of airborne carbonyl compounds analysis in relation to differences in instrumentation (GC-MS versus HPLC-UV) and standard phases (gas versus liquid). |
| PubMed: | Trends in bond dissociation energies of alcohols and aldehydes computed with multireference averaged coupled-pair functional theory. |
| PubMed: | Recent advances in thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometery method to eliminate the matrix effect between air and water samples: application to the accurate determination of Henry's law constant. |
| PubMed: | Quality characteristics of a dry-cured lamb leg as affected by tumbling after dry-salting and processing time. |
| PubMed: | Metabolic responses of Lactobacillus plantarum strains during fermentation and storage of vegetable and fruit juices. |
| PubMed: | Combination of best promoter and micellar catalyst for chromic acid oxidation of 1-butanol to 1-butanal in aqueous media at room temperature. |
| PubMed: | Engineering of a butyraldehyde dehydrogenase of Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum to fit an engineered 1,4-butanediol pathway in Escherichia coli. |
| PubMed: | Solid-phase polyethylene glycol conjugation using hydrophobic interaction chromatography. |
| PubMed: | One-step production of long-chain hydrocarbons from waste-biomass-derived chemicals using bi-functional heterogeneous catalysts. |
| PubMed: | Gaseous pollutants emitted from a mechanical biological treatment plant for municipal solid waste: odor assessment and photochemical reactivity. |
| PubMed: | The effect of feed solids concentration and inlet temperature on the flavor of spray dried whey protein concentrate. |
| PubMed: | Thermal decomposition products of butyraldehyde. |
| PubMed: | Non-methane volatile organic compounds predict odor emitted from five tunnel ventilated broiler sheds. |
| PubMed: | Impact of higher alcohols blended in gasoline on light-duty vehicle exhaust emissions. |
| PubMed: | Biophysically defined and cytocompatible covalently adaptable networks as viscoelastic 3D cell culture systems. |
| PubMed: | Synchrotron photoionization mass spectrometry measurements of product formation in low-temperature n-butane oxidation: toward a fundamental understanding of autoignition chemistry and n-C4H9 + O2/s-C4H9 + O2 reactions. |
| PubMed: | [Key enzymes in butanol fermentation by a facultative anaerobe Bacillus sp. TSH1]. |
| PubMed: | Role of CYP2A13 in the bioactivation and lung tumorigenicity of the tobacco-specific lung procarcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone: in vivo studies using a CYP2A13-humanized mouse model. |
| PubMed: | Community dynamics of coagulase-negative staphylococci during spontaneous artisan-type meat fermentations differ between smoking and moulding treatments. |
| PubMed: | Release and uptake of volatile organic compounds by human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) in vitro. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of a periplasmic quinoprotein from Sphingomonas wittichii that functions as aldehyde dehydrogenase. |
| PubMed: | Low-temperature combustion chemistry of n-butanol: principal oxidation pathways of hydroxybutyl radicals. |
| PubMed: | Highly efficient Michael-type addition of acetaldehyde to β-nitrostyrenes by whole resting cells of Escherichia coli expressing 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase. |
| PubMed: | Volatile metabolites of pathogens: a systematic review. |
| PubMed: | Heteropolyacid-functionalized aluminum 2-aminoterephthalate metal-organic frameworks as reactive aldehyde sorbents and catalysts. |
| PubMed: | Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the high performance liquid chromatographic determination of aldehydes in cigarette smoke and injectable formulations. |
| PubMed: | Rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation in fused azapolycycles synthesis. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis of renewable diesel with the 2-methylfuran, butanal and acetone derived from lignocellulose. |
| PubMed: | Effect of storage time and heat processing on the volatile profile of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858) muscle. |
| PubMed: | Thirdhand smoke causes DNA damage in human cells. |
| PubMed: | Quality changes of Atlantic horse mackerel fillets (Trachurus trachurus) packed in a modified atmosphere at different storage temperatures. |
| PubMed: | Comparative analysis of two members of the metal ion-containing group III-alcohol dehydrogenases from Dickeya zeae. |
| PubMed: | Fluorescence lifetime analysis and effect of magnesium ions on binding of NADH to human aldehyde dehydrogenase 1. |
| PubMed: | Selective n-butanol production by Clostridium sp. MTButOH1365 during continuous synthesis gas fermentation due to expression of synthetic thiolase, 3-hydroxy butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, crotonase, butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, butyraldehyde dehydrogenase, and NAD-dependent butanol dehydrogenase. |
| PubMed: | Exposure to carbonyl compounds in charcoal production plants in Bahia, Brazil. |
| PubMed: | Novel CAD-like enzymes from Escherichia coli K-12 as additional tools in chemical production. |
| PubMed: | Exposure to hazardous volatile pollutants back diffusing from automobile exhaust systems. |
| PubMed: | Experimental approach to assess sorptive loss properties of volatile organic compounds in the sampling bag system. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of volatile metabolites taken up by or released from Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae by using GC-MS. |
| PubMed: | Thermochemistry of radicals formed by hydrogen abstraction from 1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, and butanal. |
| PubMed: | Functional characterization of SlscADH1, a fruit-ripening-associated short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase of tomato. |
| PubMed: | [Cloning and expression of key genes of butanol synthetic pathway in Escherichia coli]. |
| PubMed: | Engineering a homobutanol fermentation pathway in Escherichia coli EG03. |
| PubMed: | Waterpipe smoking: the role of humectants in the release of toxic carbonyls. |
| PubMed: | The emission patterns of volatile organic compounds during aerobic biotreatment of municipal solid waste using continuous and intermittent aeration. |
| PubMed: | Substrate specificity, substrate channeling, and allostery in BphJ: an acylating aldehyde dehydrogenase associated with the pyruvate aldolase BphI. |
| PubMed: | A novel solid-phase site-specific PEGylation enhances the in vitro and in vivo biostabilty of recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor 1. |
| PubMed: | Development of a suicidal vector-cloning system based on butanal susceptibility due to an expression of YqhD aldehyde reductase. |
| PubMed: | Branching ratios for the reaction of selected carbonyl-containing peroxy radicals with hydroperoxy radicals. |
| PubMed: | ATP drives direct photosynthetic production of 1-butanol in cyanobacteria. |
| PubMed: | Novel approach to test the relative recovery of liquid-phase standard in sorbent-tube analysis of gaseous volatile organic compounds. |
| PubMed: | [Source emission characteristics of malodorous volatile organic carbonyls from a municipal sewage treatment plant]. |
| PubMed: | Double stereodifferentiation in the catalytic asymmetric aziridination of imines prepared from α-chiral amines. |
| PubMed: | Solid-phase N-terminus PEGylation of recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 2 on heparin-sepharose column. |
| PubMed: | Comparison of the flavor chemistry and flavor stability of mozzarella and cheddar wheys. |
| PubMed: | Statistical thermodynamics of 1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, and butanal. |
| PubMed: | Determination of volatile aroma compounds of Ganoderma lucidum by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-GC/MS). |
| PubMed: | Transverse approach between real world concentrations of SO2, NO2, BTEX, aldehyde emissions and corrosion in the Grand Mare tunnel. |
| PubMed: | Color, lipid oxidation, sensory quality, and aroma compounds of beef steaks displayed under different levels of oxygen in a modified atmosphere package. |
| PubMed: | Modulation of ethanol stress tolerance by aldehyde dehydrogenase in the mycorrhizal fungus Tricholoma vaccinum. |
| PubMed: | Acceleration of diabetic-wound healing with PEGylated rhaFGF in healing-impaired streptozocin diabetic rats. |
| PubMed: | Photochemistry and photophysics of n-butanal, 3-methylbutanal, and 3,3-dimethylbutanal: experimental and theoretical study. |
| PubMed: | Simple derivatization of aldehydes with D-cysteine and their determination in beverages by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Investigating the molecular determinants for substrate channeling in BphI-BphJ, an aldolase-dehydrogenase complex from the polychlorinated biphenyls degradation pathway. |
| PubMed: | Fatty acid composition, oxidative stability and sensory quality of meat from broiler chicken fed autolysate from bacteria grown on natural gas. |
| PubMed: | Metabolic engineering of Thermobifida fusca for direct aerobic bioconversion of untreated lignocellulosic biomass to 1-propanol. |
| PubMed: | Total synthesis of (+)-mupirocin H from D-glucose. |
| PubMed: | Online comprehensive two-dimensional characterization of puff-by-puff resolved cigarette smoke by hyphenation of fast gas chromatography to single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry: quantification of hazardous volatile organic compounds. |
| PubMed: | A better anti-diabetic recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 21 (rhFGF21) modified with polyethylene glycol. |
| PubMed: | Organocatalytic approach for the syntheses of corynantheidol, dihydrocorynantheol, protoemetinol, protoemetine, and mitragynine. |
| PubMed: | Morphological and chemical influences on alumina-supported palladium catalysts active for the gas phase hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde. |
| PubMed: | Determination of airborne carbonyls via pentafluorophenylhydrazine derivatisation by GC-MS and its comparison with HPLC method. |
| PubMed: | Rapid analysis of aldehydes by simultaneous microextraction and derivatization followed by GC-MS. |
| PubMed: | Sensory characteristics of spoilage and volatile compounds associated with bacteria isolated from cooked and peeled tropical shrimps using SPME-GC-MS analysis. |
| PubMed: | On the chemical kinetics of n-butanol: ignition and speciation studies. |
| PubMed: | Thirdhand smoke: a new dimension to the effects of cigarette smoke on the developing lung. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis and characterization of dendron cross-linked PEG hydrogels as corneal adhesives. |
| PubMed: | A novel capillary electrophoretic method for determining aliphatic aldehydes in food samples using 2-thiobarbituric acid derivatization. |
| PubMed: | [Level and characteristics of indoor air pollutants in a furniture mall in Beijing]. |
| PubMed: | Effect of water activity on the production of volatile organic compounds by Muscodor albus and their effect on three pathogens in stored potato. |
| PubMed: | Simple and automatic determination of aldehydes and acetone in water by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Simplification of a complex microbial antilisterial consortium to evaluate the contribution of its flora in uncooked pressed cheese. |
| PubMed: | Oxidative stability and sensory quality of meat from broiler chickens fed a bacterial meal produced on natural gas. |
| PubMed: | Ambient levels of atmospheric carbonyls in Beijing during the 2008 Olympic Games. |
| PubMed: | Influence of heating time and metal ions on the amount of free fatty acids and formation rates of selected carbonyl compounds during the thermal oxidation of canola oil. |
| PubMed: | Atmospheric chemistry of i-butanol. |
| PubMed: | A combined application of thermal desorber and gas chromatography to the analysis of gaseous carbonyls with the aid of two internal standards. |
| PubMed: | Pyridylhydrazone-based PEGylation for pH-reversible lipopolyplex shielding. |
| PubMed: | An easy and efficient fluorescent method for detecting aldehydes and its application in biotransformation. |
| PubMed: | Nucleophilic addition to 2,3-disubstituted butanal derivatives and their application to natural product synthesis. |
| PubMed: | YqhD: a broad-substrate range aldehyde reductase with various applications in production of biorenewable fuels and chemicals. |
| PubMed: | Ultrasensitive detection of malondialdehyde with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. |
| PubMed: | Catalytic reactive distillation process development for 1,1 diethoxy butane production from renewable sources. |
| PubMed: | Effect of the commercial ripening stage and postharvest storage on microbial and aroma changes of 'Ambrunés' sweet cherries. |
| PubMed: | Explosion characteristics of flammable organic vapors in nitrous oxide atmosphere. |
| PubMed: | Freshness characterisation of whiting (Merlangius merlangus) using an SPME/GC/MS method and a statistical multivariate approach. |
| PubMed: | Seasonal and diurnal variations of carbonyl compounds in the urban atmosphere of Guangzhou, China. |
| PubMed: | Selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry for absolute quantification of aroma compounds in the headspace of dry fermented sausages. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of flavor of whey protein hydrolysates. |
| PubMed: | Effects of lipase, lipoxygenase, peroxidase and free fatty acids on volatile compound found in boiled buckwheat noodles. |
| PubMed: | Sorptive removal of odorous carbonyl gases by water. |
| PubMed: | How big is the gap between olfactory detection and recognition of aliphatic aldehydes? |
| PubMed: | Glycerol acetals as anti-freezing additives for biodiesel. |
| PubMed: | Odor detection by humans of lineal aliphatic aldehydes and helional as gauged by dose-response functions. |
| PubMed: | Optimization and comparison of HPLC and RRLC conditions for the analysis of carbonyl-DNPH derivatives. |
| PubMed: | Improvement of water barrier property of paperboard by coating application with biodegradable polymers. |
| PubMed: | Formation of carcinogens indoors by surface-mediated reactions of nicotine with nitrous acid, leading to potential thirdhand smoke hazards. |
| PubMed: | Efficiency and products investigations on the ozonation of 2-methylisoborneol in drinking water. |
| PubMed: | Exploiting cell-free systems: Implementation and debugging of a system of biotransformations. |
| PubMed: | Geobacillus sp., a thermophilic soil bacterium producing volatile antibiotics. |
| PubMed: | Low-temperature catalytic oxidation of aldehyde mixtures using wood fly ash: kinetics, mechanism, and effect of ozone. |
| PubMed: | Experimental demonstration of masking phenomena between competing odorants via an air dilution sensory test. |
| PubMed: | Attraction of Anoplophora glabripennis to male-produced pheromone and plant volatiles. |
| PubMed: | Enhancement of 5-aminopenta-2,4-dienals electrophilicity via activation by O,N-bistrifluoroacetylation. application to an N-acyl Pictet-Spengler reaction. |
| PubMed: | Metabolomics reveals alterations in both primary and secondary metabolites by wine bacteria. |
| PubMed: | Structural identification of Diindole agonists of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor derived from degradation of indole-3-pyruvic acid. |
| PubMed: | Breath gas aldehydes as biomarkers of lung cancer. |
| PubMed: | A liquid chromatographic method optimization for the assessment of low and high molar mass carbonyl compounds in wines. |
| PubMed: | A proteomic and transcriptomic view of amino acids catabolism in the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. |
| PubMed: | Degradation of hexane and other recalcitrant hydrocarbons by a novel isolate, Rhodococcus sp. EH831. |
| PubMed: | Thermal behavior characteristics of Adhesive residue. |
| PubMed: | [Indoor air guideline values for saturated acyclic aliphatic C4-C11 aldehydes]. |
| PubMed: | Energy barriers for the addition of H, *CH3, and *C2H5 to *CH2=CHX [X = H, CH3, OH] and for H-atom addition to RCH=O [R = H, CH3, *C2H5, n-C3H7]: implications for the gas-phase chemistry of enols. |
| PubMed: | Atmospheric chemistry of n-butanol: kinetics, mechanisms, and products of Cl atom and OH radical initiated oxidation in the presence and absence of NO(x). |
| PubMed: | Quantification of volatile compounds in goat milk Jack cheese using static headspace gas chromatography. |
| PubMed: | Levels, sources, and health risks of carbonyls in residential indoor air in Hangzhou, China. |
| PubMed: | Organocatalytic synthesis and sterol 14alpha-demethylase binding interactions of enantioriched 3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butyl benzoates. |
| PubMed: | Analysis of the promoter activities of the genes encoding three quinoprotein alcohol dehydrogenases in Pseudomonas putida HK5. |
| PubMed: | Smokers of menthol and nonmenthol cigarettes exhibit similar levels of biomarkers of smoke exposure. |
| PubMed: | Surface-catalysed reactions on pollutant-removing building products for indoor use. |
| PubMed: | Volatile compounds in dry-cured Serrano ham subjected to high pressure processing. Effect of the packaging material. |
| PubMed: | A wavelength and lifetime responsive cryptate-containing fluorescent probe for zinc ions in water. |
| PubMed: | Branched chain aldehydes: production and breakdown pathways and relevance for flavour in foods. |
| PubMed: | Degradation of tert-butyl formate and its intermediates by an ozone/UV process. |
| PubMed: | Oxidative C-C bond cleavage of primary alcohols and vicinal diols catalyzed by H5PV2Mo10O40 by an electron transfer and oxygen transfer reaction mechanism. |
| PubMed: | Simultaneous determination of derivatized light aldehydes by microchip electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. |
| PubMed: | Methods for increasing nitrile biotransformation into amides using Mesorhizobium sp. |
| PubMed: | Reagentless amperometric formaldehyde-selective biosensors based on the recombinant yeast formaldehyde dehydrogenase. |
| PubMed: | Amine-reactive pyridylhydrazone-based PEG reagents for pH-reversible PEI polyplex shielding. |
| PubMed: | Impact of sampling procedures on the results of breath analysis. |
| PubMed: | Determination of carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere of charcoal plants by HPLC and UV detection. |
| PubMed: | Influence of time, surface-to-volume ratio, and heating process (continuous or intermittent) on the emission rates of selected carbonyl compounds during thermal oxidation of palm and soybean oils. |
| PubMed: | Estimation and characterisation of budesonide tablets impurities. |
| PubMed: | Effects of deep-bedded finishing system on market pig performance, composition and pork quality. |
| PubMed: | Influences of sampling volume and sample concentration on the analysis of atmospheric carbonyls by 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine cartridge. |
| PubMed: | Gas chromatographic determination of carbonyl compounds in biological and oil samples by headspace single-drop microextraction with in-drop derivatisation. |
| PubMed: | cis-(9S,10S)-Methyl 1-propyl-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro-β-carboline-3-carboxyl-ate. |
| PubMed: | Measurements of lower carbonyls and hydrocarbons at Ny-Alesund, Svalbard. |
| PubMed: | Expression of Clostridium acetobutylicum butanol synthetic genes in Escherichia coli. |
| PubMed: | The pollution status of atmospheric carbonyls in a highly industrialized area. |
| PubMed: | Behavioural responses of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) to volatiles identified from dry cocoa beans. |
| PubMed: | OdorMapComparer: an application for quantitative analyses and comparisons of fMRI brain odor maps. |
| PubMed: | Investigation of carbonyl compounds in air from various industrial emission sources. |
| PubMed: | Complete degradation of butyl benzyl phthalate by a defined bacterial consortium: role of individual isolates in the assimilation pathway. |
| PubMed: | McLafferty rearrangement of the radical cations of butanal and 3-fluorobutanal: a theoretical investigation of the concerted and stepwise mechanisms. |
| PubMed: | [Determination of major carbonyls in mainstream smoke by rapid column high performance liquid chromatography]. |
| PubMed: | Effect of cysteine and cystine addition on sensory profile and potent odorants of extruded potato snacks. |
| PubMed: | Applicability of fiber-optic-based Raman probes for on-line reaction monitoring of high-pressure catalytic hydrogenation reactions. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis of [60]fullerene acetals and ketals: reaction of [60]fullerene with aldehydes/ketones and alkoxides. |
| PubMed: | Acrolein inhibits cytokine gene expression by alkylating cysteine and arginine residues in the NF-kappaB1 DNA binding domain. |
| PubMed: | Oral squamous cell carcinoma associated with khat chewing. |
| PubMed: | Determination of carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere by DNPH derivatization and LC-ESI-MS/MS detection. |
| PubMed: | Quantitation of selected odor-active constituents in dry fermented sausages prepared with different curing salts. |
| PubMed: | Highly efficient cyclization of o-iodobenzoates with aldehydes catalyzed by cobalt bidentate phosphine complexes: a novel entry to chiral phthalides. |
| PubMed: | Purification and characterization of an iron-containing alcohol dehydrogenase in extremely thermophilic bacterium Thermotoga hypogea. |
| PubMed: | In situ bioremediation of nitrate and perchlorate in vadose zone soil for groundwater protection using gaseous electron donor injection technology. |
| PubMed: | Asymmetric suppression of components in binary aldehyde mixtures: behavioral studies in the laboratory rat. |
| PubMed: | Enthalpies of formation, bond dissociation energies, and molecular structures of the n-aldehydes (acetaldehyde, propanal, butanal, pentanal, hexanal, and heptanal) and their radicals. |
| PubMed: | Effect of molecular size of PEGylated recombinant human epidermal growth factor on the biological activity and stability in rat wound tissue. |
| PubMed: | Use of inverse gas chromatography to account for the pervaporation performance in monitoring the oxidation of primary alcohols. |
| PubMed: | Polymer-mediated extraction of the fluorescent compounds derived by Hantzsch reaction with dimedone for the sensitive determination of aliphatic aldehydes in air. |
| PubMed: | Enhanced nutty flavor formation in cheddar cheese made with a malty Lactococcus lactis adjunct culture. |
| PubMed: | Screening the oxidative potential of several mono- and di-halogenated biphenyls and biphenyl ethers in rat hepatocytes. |
| PubMed: | Model studies on the efficacy of protein homogenates from raw pork muscle and dry-cured ham in binding selected flavor compounds. |
| PubMed: | New coupling reaction of secondary amines, aldehydes, and alkynes catalyzed by an iridium complex. |
| PubMed: | Secondary organic aerosol formation by heterogeneous reactions of aldehydes and ketones: a quantum mechanical study. |
| PubMed: | Softening of cattle hoof soles and swelling of heel horn by environmental agents. |
| PubMed: | Application of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation biomarkers for oxidative damage in mammalian cells. A comparison with two fluorescent probes. |
| PubMed: | Mechanistic studies of choline oxidase with betaine aldehyde and its isosteric analogue 3,3-dimethylbutyraldehyde. |
| PubMed: | Experimental preparation and UV/IR spectroscopic characterization of 1,3-dibutanal-1,2,4,5-tetroxane. |
| PubMed: | Uptake of the tobacco-specific lung carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone by Moldovan children. |
| PubMed: | Study on the base-catalyzed reverse vinylogous aldol reaction of (4abeta,5beta)-4,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-5-hydroxy-1,4a-dimethylnaphthalen-2(3H)-one under Robinson annulation conditions. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of volatile compounds in chilled cod (Gadus morhua) fillets by gas chromatography and detection of quality indicators by an electronic nose. |
| PubMed: | Headspace single-drop microextraction with in-drop derivatization for aldehyde analysis. |
| PubMed: | Pathways in the degradation of hydrolyzed alcohols of butyl benzyl phthalate in metabolically diverse Gordonia sp. strain MTCC 4818. |
| PubMed: | Olfactory sensitivity for aliphatic aldehydes in CD-1 mice. |
| PubMed: | Olfactory sensitivity for aliphatic alcohols and aldehydes in spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi). |
| PubMed: | Volatile carbonylic compounds in downtown Santiago, Chile. |
| PubMed: | Identification of potent odorants formed during the preparation of extruded potato snacks. |
| PubMed: | Product and product-independent induction of butane oxidation in Pseudomonas butanovora. |
| PubMed: | Analysis of aroma and phenolic components of selected Achillea species. |
| PubMed: | [Pollution survey of carbonyl compounds in train air]. |
| PubMed: | Adsorptive stripping voltammetric technique for the rapid determination of tobramycin on the hanging mercury electrode. |
| PubMed: | PEGylation of octreotide: II. Effect of N-terminal mono-PEGylation on biological activity and pharmacokinetics. |
| PubMed: | Gas-phase reactivity of heterobinuclear oxometalate anions [CrMoO6(OR)]-, [CrWO6(OR)]-, and [MoWO6(OR)]- (R = H, nBu). |
| PubMed: | Evaluation of a multi-parameter biomarker set for oxidative damage in man: increased urinary excretion of lipid, protein and DNA oxidation products after one hour of exercise. |
| PubMed: | Catalytic reductive alkylation of secondary amine with aldehyde and silane by an iridium compound. |
| PubMed: | Structural characterization of an etheno-2'-deoxyguanosine adduct modified by tetrahydrofuran. |
| PubMed: | Measurements of carbonyls in a 13-story building. |
| PubMed: | Kinetic properties of native and mutagenized isoforms of mitochondrial alcohol dehydrogenase III purified from Kluyveromyces lactis. |
| PubMed: | On-line analysis of diesel engine exhaust gases by selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Degradation of tert-butyl alcohol in dilute aqueous solution by an O3/UV process. |
| PubMed: | An imaging-based approach to identify ligands for olfactory receptors. |
| PubMed: | Production of volatile compounds by Fuji apples following exposure to high CO2 or low O2. |
| PubMed: | Controlled production of Camembert-type cheeses. Part II. Changes in the concentration of the more volatile compounds. |
| PubMed: | Influence of irradiation and storage on the quality of ready-to-eat turkey breast rolls. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of nutty flavor in cheddar cheese. |
| PubMed: | Reaction of tributyl phosphite with oxidized iron: surface and tribological chemistry. |
| PubMed: | Development of a headspace GC/MS analysis for carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) in household products after derivatization with o-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine. |
| PubMed: | Reduced calcification of bioprostheses, cross-linked via an improved carbodiimide based method. |
| PubMed: | Zn-, Cd-, and Pb-transcription factor IIIA: properties, DNA binding, and comparison with TFIIIA-finger 3 metal complexes. |
| PubMed: | Ambient, indoor and personal exposure relationships of volatile organic compounds in Mexico City Metropolitan Area. |
| PubMed: | In vivo imaging of neuronal activity by targeted expression of a genetically encoded probe in the mouse. |
| PubMed: | Volatile compounds produced in cheese by Enterobacteriaceae strains of dairy origin. |
| PubMed: | NTP technical report on the toxicity studies of Butanal oxime (CAS No. 110-69-0) administered in drinking water and by gavage to F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. |
| PubMed: | Gas-phase kinetics and mechanism of the reactions of protonated hydrazine with carbonyl compounds. Gas-phase hydrazone formation: kinetics and mechanism. |
| PubMed: | Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of carbonyl compounds in cigarette mainstream smoke after derivatization with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. |
| PubMed: | Determination of airborne carbonyls: comparison of a thermal desorption/GC method with the standard DNPH/HPLC method. |
| PubMed: | Characterization and development of two reporter gene systems for Clostridium acetobutylicum. |
| PubMed: | Volatiles in a sausage surface model-influence of Penicillium nalgiovense, Pediococcus pentosaceus, ascorbate, nitrate and temperature. |
| PubMed: | Antioxidative effects of glycosyl-ascorbic acids synthesized by maltogenic amylase to reduce lipid oxidation and volatiles production in cooked chicken meat. |
| PubMed: | Changes in macroscopic viscosity do not affect the release of aroma aldehydes from a pectinaceous food model system of low sucrose content. |
| PubMed: | Tungsten-containing aldehyde oxidoreductase of Eubacterium acidaminophilum. |
| PubMed: | Stereospecific Pd(0)-catalyzed arylation of an allylic hydroxy phosphonate derivative: formal synthesis of (S)-(+)-ar-turmerone. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis and properties of rhenium carbonyl complexes of alpha,alpha'-bis[(1-pyrenyl)pyrazol-1-yl]alkane ligands. |
| PubMed: | Migration of volatile degradation products into ozonated water from plastic packaging materials. |
| PubMed: | 3,3',5,5'-tetramethyl-N-(9-anthrylmethyl)benzidine: a dual-signaling fluorescent reagent for optical sensing of aliphatic aldehydes. |
| PubMed: | Absolute asymmetric synthesis of "chiral-at-metal" Grignard reagents and transfer of the chirality to carbon. |
| PubMed: | Dendritic stability in the adult olfactory bulb. |
| PubMed: | Determination of 3-n-butylphthalide in rabbit plasma by HPLC with fluorescence detection and its application in pharmacokinetic study. |
| PubMed: | Carbonyl compounds in the urban environment of Athens, Greece. |
| PubMed: | Olfactory sensitivity for aliphatic aldehydes in squirrel monkeys and pigtail macaques. |
| PubMed: | Antiinflammatory property of 3-aryl-5-(n-propyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazoles and antimicrobial property of 3-aryl-5-(n-propyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazoles: their syntheses and spectroscopic studies. |
| PubMed: | Insertion of carbon fragments into P(III)-N bonds in aminophosphines and aminobis(phosphines): synthesis, reactivity, and coordination chemistry of resulting phosphine oxide derivatives. Crystal and molecular structures of (Ph(2)P(O)CH(2))(2)NR (R = Me, (n)Pr, (n)Bu), Ph(2)P(O)CH(OH)(n)()Pr, and cis-[MoO(2)Cl(2)((Ph(2)P(O)CH(2))(2)NEt-kappaO,kappaO)]. |
| PubMed: | NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Isobutyraldehyde (CAS No. 78-84-2) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies). |
| PubMed: | In vitro metabolism of fenthion and fenthion sulfoxide by liver preparations of sea bream, goldfish, and rats. |
| PubMed: | Carbonyl levels in indoor and outdoor air in Mexico City and Xalapa, Mexico. |
| PubMed: | Photodegradation of RDX in aqueous solution: a mechanistic probe for biodegradation with Rhodococcus sp. |
| PubMed: | Monoterpene emissions and carbonyl compound air concentrations during the blooming period of rape (Brassica napus). |
| PubMed: | Effects of environmental factors on leucine catabolism by Carnobacterium piscicola. |
| PubMed: | [Changes in the level of short-chain volatile fatty acids and their aldehydes in oral air and fluid during inflammation of oral tissues]. |
| PubMed: | Microbiological and fermentation characteristics of togwa, a Tanzanian fermented food. |
| PubMed: | Effects of volatile aromatics, aldehydes, and phenols in tobacco smoke on viability and proliferation of mouse lymphocytes. |
| PubMed: | Quality characteristics of irradiated ready-to-eat breast rolls from turkeys fed conjugated linoleic acid. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of Ypr1p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a 2-methylbutyraldehyde reductase. |
| PubMed: | Identification of distinctive volatile compounds in fish sauce. |
| PubMed: | Development of a headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the identification of odour-causing volatile compounds in packaging materials. |
| PubMed: | Purification and characterization of aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase from Arthrobacter Sp. TMP-1. |
| PubMed: | Roles for the two 1-butanol dehydrogenases of Pseudomonas butanovora in butane and 1-butanol metabolism. |
| PubMed: | Photocatalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds using fluorescent visible light. |
| PubMed: | Stimulatory beetle volatiles for the Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky). |
| PubMed: | Emissions of aldehydes and ketones from a two-stroke engine using ethanol and ethanol-blended gasoline as fuel. |
| PubMed: | FTIR kinetic, product, and modeling study of the OH-initiated oxidation of 1-butanol in air. |
| PubMed: | Transcriptional regulation of solventogenesis in Clostridium acetobutylicum. |
| PubMed: | Control of butanol formation in Clostridium acetobutylicum by transcriptional activation. |
| PubMed: | Photocatalytic oxidation of heptane in the gas-phase over TiO2. |
| PubMed: | Molecular characterization and transcriptional analysis of adhE2, the gene encoding the NADH-dependent aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase responsible for butanol production in alcohologenic cultures of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. |
| PubMed: | Atmospheric secondary aerosol formation by heterogeneous reactions of aldehydes in the presence of a sulfuric acid aerosol catalyst. |
| PubMed: | Volatiles, color, and lipid oxidation of broiler breast fillets irradiated before and after cooking. |
| PubMed: | Effects of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 genetic polymorphisms on metabolism of structurally different aldehydes in human liver. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis of beta-D-Galactosyl Ceramide Methylene Isostere. |
| PubMed: | Anti-1,3-diols by Addition of Dialkylzinc Reagents to 4-Acetoxy-1,3-dioxanes. |
| PubMed: | Reactions of 3-(1-Hydroxyalkyl)phthalides with Acids: Synthesis of (Z)-3-Alkylidenephthalides and 3-Alkyl-8-hydroxyisocoumarins. |
| PubMed: | Chiroptical Properties of the Ketene and Diazo Chromophores. 1. Conformation and Optical Activity of 1-Alken-1-ones and 1-Diazoalkanes vs Aldehydes. |
| PubMed: | Comparison of the omega-transaminases from different microorganisms and application to production of chiral amines. |
| PubMed: | Identification of 3,4-dihydroxy-2-oxo-butanal (L-threosone) as an intermediate compound in oxidative degradation of dehydro-L-ascorbic acid and 2,3-diketo-L-gulonic acid in a deuterium oxide phosphate buffer. |
| PubMed: | Rate constant dependence on the size of aldehydes in the NO(3) + aldehydes reaction. An explanation via quantum chemical calculations and CTST. |
| PubMed: | Determination of carbonyl compounds in air by electrochromatography. |
| PubMed: | Odor exposure causes central adaptation and morphological changes in selected olfactory glomeruli in Drosophila. |
| PubMed: | Determination of aldehydes and ketones in air samples using cryotrapping sampling. |
| PubMed: | Induction of butane consumption in Pseudomonas butanovora. |
| PubMed: | Elucidation of reaction scheme describing malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde-protein adduct formation. |
| PubMed: | Elisa to quantify hexanal-protein adducts in a meat model system. |
| PubMed: | Determination of aldehydes in fish by high-performance liquid chromatography. |
| PubMed: | Headspace analysis of engine oil by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Proteolysis and formation of volatile compounds in cheese manufactured with a bacteriocin-producing adjunct culture. |
| PubMed: | Endogenous formation of protein adducts with carcinogenic aldehydes: implications for oxidative stress. |
| PubMed: | Jet-Cooled Multiphoton Ionization Spectroscopy of the iso-Butanal 3s<--n Rydberg Transition. |
| PubMed: | Total synthesis of (-)-incrustoporin. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of formaldehyde by gas chromatography using multiple pulsed-discharge photoionization detectors and a flame ionization detector. |
| PubMed: | [Volatile compounds in air and oral saliva in healthy people, and in periodontitis and gingivitis patients]. |
| PubMed: | Prevention of acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity by 2(R,S)-n-propylthiazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic acid in mice. |
| PubMed: | Aldehyde reactivity with 2-thiobarbituric acid and TBARS in freeze-dried beef during accelerated storage. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis of conformationally constrained 5,6,7, 8-Tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine inhibitors of farnesyltransferase. |
| PubMed: | A four-step enzymatic cascade for the one-pot synthesis of non-natural carbohydrates from glycerol. |
| PubMed: | Unknown bisethylisooctanollactone isomers in industrial waste water. Isolation, identification and occurrence in surface water. |
| PubMed: | Response of urinary lipophilic aldehydes and related carbonyl compounds to factors that stimulate lipid peroxidation in vivo. |
| PubMed: | Experimental evidence for the formation of a complex between butyryl coenzyme A dehydrogenase and the 'electron transferring flavoprotein', ETF. |
| PubMed: | Cloning and sequencing of the gene encoding an aldehyde dehydrogenase that is induced by growing Alteromonas sp. Strain KE10 in a low concentration of organic nutrients. |
| PubMed: | Airborne aldehydes from heating rosin core solder and liquid rosin flux to soldering temperatures. |
| PubMed: | Family approach for estimating reference concentrations/doses for series of related organic chemicals. |
| PubMed: | Iso-mechanism of nitroalkane oxidase: 1. Inhibition studies and activation by imidazole. |
| PubMed: | Emission characteristics of VOCs from athletic tracks. |
| PubMed: | Isomerization of Aldehydes Catalyzed by Rhodium(I) Olefin Complexes. |
| PubMed: | Lysyl oxidase coupled with catalase in egg shell membrane. |
| PubMed: | The ald gene, encoding a coenzyme A-acylating aldehyde dehydrogenase, distinguishes Clostridium beijerinckii and two other solvent-producing clostridia from Clostridium acetobutylicum. |
| PubMed: | Factors influencing leucine catabolism by a strain of Staphylococcus carnosus. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of compost biofiltration media. |
| PubMed: | Olfactory discrimination ability for homologous series of aliphatic alcohols and aldehydes. |
| PubMed: | Enzymatic resolution of (+/-)-gamma-cyclohomogeraniol and conversion of its (S)-isomer to (S)-gamma-coronal, the ambergris odorant. |
| PubMed: | Peptidyl beta-homo-aspartals (3-amino-4-carboxybutyraldehydes): new specific inhibitors of caspases. |
| PubMed: | Lipophilic aldehydes and related carbonyl compounds in rat and human urine. |
| PubMed: | Butane metabolism by butane-grown 'Pseudomonas butanovora'. |
| PubMed: | Activities of human alcohol dehydrogenases in the metabolic pathways of ethanol and serotonin. |
| PubMed: | Examination of physiological and molecular factors involved in enhanced solvent production by clostridium beijerinckii BA101 |
| PubMed: | Volatile compounds of dry-cured Iberian ham as affected by the length of the curing process. |
| PubMed: | Genetic manipulation of acid and solvent formation in clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 |
| PubMed: | Cytotoxic effects of 2-butoxyethanol in vitro are related to butoxyacetaldehyde, an intermediate oxidation product. |
| PubMed: | Observation of a new nonfluorescent malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde-protein adduct by 13C NMR spectroscopy. |
| PubMed: | The Microwave Spectrum of n-Butyraldehyde Oxime. |
| PubMed: | Disposition of butanal oxime in rat following oral, intravenous and dermal administration. |
| PubMed: | Porcine kidney betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase: purification and properties. |
| PubMed: | Different DNA damaging species as a result of oxidation of n-butyraldehyde and iso-butyraldehyde by Cu(II). |
| PubMed: | Urinary excretion of biomarkers of oxidative kidney damage induced by ferric nitrilotriacetate. |
| PubMed: | Formation of amino acid (L-leucine, L-phenylalanine) derived volatile flavour compounds by Moraxella phenylpyruvica and Staphylococcus xylosus in cured meat model systems. |
| PubMed: | Production of fermented milk using a malty compound-producing strain of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis, isolated from Zimbabwean naturally fermented milk. |
| PubMed: | Nasal pungency and odor of homologous aldehydes and carboxylic acids. |
| PubMed: | The effectiveness of Salmonella strains TA100, TA102 and TA104 for detecting mutagenicity of some aldehydes and peroxides. |
| PubMed: | Evaluation of urinary biomarkers for radical-induced liver damage in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride. |
| PubMed: | 6 alpha-Fluoro- and 6 alpha,9 alpha-difluoro-11 beta,21-dihydroxy-16 alpha,17 alpha-propylmethylenedioxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione: synthesis and evaluation of activity and kinetics of their C-22 epimers. |
| PubMed: | Evidence for cytochrome P450 2A6 and 3A4 as major catalysts for N'-nitrosonornicotine alpha-hydroxylation by human liver microsomes. |
| PubMed: | Simultaneous determination of eight lipid peroxidation degradation products in urine of rats treated with carbon tetrachloride using gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. |
| PubMed: | Dried sausages fermented with staphylococcus xylosus at different temperatures and with different ingredient levels. Part IV. Amino acid profile. |
| PubMed: | [A gas chromatographic method for determination of Butyraldehyde as a product of butanol biotransformation in rat liver]. |
| PubMed: | Destruction of rat pancreatic islet beta-cells by cytokines involves the production of cytotoxic aldehydes. |
| PubMed: | Aldehyde dismutase activity of human liver alcohol dehydrogenase. |
| PubMed: | Gaseous aliphatic aldehydes in smoke from burning raw materials of Chinese joss sticks. |
| PubMed: | Chemical pollutants in X-ray film processing departments. |
| PubMed: | Fluorimetric flow-injection analysis of total amounts of aldehydes in auto exhaust gas and thermal degradation emission gas with cyclohexane-1,3-dione. |
| PubMed: | Aldehyde dehydrogenase from adult human brain that dehydrogenates gamma-aminobutyraldehyde: purification, characterization, cloning and distribution. |
| PubMed: | DNA single and double strand breaks induced by aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes in combination with copper (II). |
| PubMed: | Effect of a Phosphazene Base on the Diastereoselectivity of Addition of alpha-Sulfonyl Carbanions to Butyraldehyde and Isopropylideneglyceraldehyde. |
| PubMed: | Identification of the cytochrome P450 isozymes involved in the metabolism of N-nitrosodipropyl-,N-nitrosodibutyl- and N-nitroso-n-butyl-n-propylamine. |
| PubMed: | Flavor and texture characteristics of low fat ground beef patties formulated with whey protein concentrate. |
| PubMed: | [Synthesis of optically active (R)- and (S)-tai-ding-an(TDA) and their anti-HSV activity evaluation]. |
| PubMed: | The effect on ephedrine prodrugs on locomotor activity in rats. |
| PubMed: | Quantitation of employee exposure to emission products generated by commercial-scale processing of polyethylene. |
| PubMed: | Protocol for collection and HPLC analysis of volatile carbonyl compounds in breath. |
| PubMed: | Release of aldehydes from rat alveolar macrophages exposed in vitro to low concentrations of nitrogen dioxide. |
| PubMed: | Reductase activity of aldehyde oxidase toward the carcinogen N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene and the related hydroxamic acids. |
| PubMed: | Regulation of Clostridium acetobutylicum metabolism as revealed by mixed-substrate steady-state continuous cultures: role of NADH/NAD ratio and ATP pool. |
| PubMed: | Biotreatment of ammonia- and butanal-containing waste gases. |
| PubMed: | Expression of plasmid-encoded aad in Clostridium acetobutylicum M5 restores vigorous butanol production. |
| PubMed: | Development of an optical formaldehyde sensor based on the use of immobilized pararosaniline. |
| PubMed: | Regulation of carbon and electron flow in Clostridium acetobutylicum grown in chemostat culture at neutral pH on mixtures of glucose and glycerol. |
| PubMed: | Kinetic mechanism of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase with primary aliphatic alcohols and aldehydes. |
| PubMed: | Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of five n-alkanals in primary cultures of rat and human hepatocytes. |
| PubMed: | Effect of lipids and aldehydes on gap-junctional intercellular communication between human smooth muscle cells. |
| PubMed: | Molecular characterization of an aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase gene from Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. |
| PubMed: | Plant hormone ethylene is a Norrish type II product from enzymically generated triplet 1-butanal. |
| PubMed: | [Studies on antiviral agents: synthesis of tai-ding-an analogs]. |
| PubMed: | Acyloin production from aldehydes in the perfused rat heart: the potential role of pyruvate dehydrogenase. |
| PubMed: | Measurement of n-alkanals and hydroxyalkenals in biological samples. |
| PubMed: | Purification and characterization of a primary-secondary alcohol dehydrogenase from two strains of Clostridium beijerinckii. |
| PubMed: | Intragastric nitrosation of nicotine is not a significant contributor to nitrosamine exposure. |
| PubMed: | Analogues of butyric acid that increase the expression of transfected DNAs. |
| PubMed: | Two types of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone hemoglobin adducts, from metabolites which migrate into or are formed in red blood cells. |
| PubMed: | Horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase-catalyzed oxidation of aldehydes: dismutation precedes net production of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. |
| PubMed: | A study of changes in the fat content of some varieties of dry sausage during the curing process. |
| PubMed: | The oxidation of aldehydes by horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase. |
| PubMed: | 32P-postlabelling analysis of DNA-adducts formed by 4-(N-carbethoxy-N-nitrosamino)-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone and 4-oxo-4-(3-pyridyl)- butanal. |
| PubMed: | Human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase substrate specificity: comparison of esterase with dehydrogenase reaction. |
| PubMed: | Lack of correlation between DNA methylation and hepatocarcinogenesis in rats and hamsters treated with 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone. |
| PubMed: | Efficiency of DNA-histone crosslinking induced by saturated and unsaturated aldehydes in vitro. |
| PubMed: | Modulation by glutathione of DNA strand breaks induced by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone and its aldehyde metabolites in rat hepatocytes. |
| PubMed: | Effects of oxazolidines derived from (-) ephedrine in the rat. |
| PubMed: | Detection of low molecular weight aldehydes in aqueous solution by membrane introduction mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Azoreductase activity by purified rabbit liver aldehyde oxidase. |
| PubMed: | The tungsten-containing aldehyde oxidoreductase from Clostridium thermoaceticum and its complex with a viologen-accepting NADPH oxidoreductase. |
| PubMed: | Oxidoreduction of butanol in deermice (Peromyscus maniculatus) lacking hepatic cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase. |
| PubMed: | Cloning of an NADH-dependent butanol dehydrogenase gene from Clostridium acetobutylicum. |
| PubMed: | Comparison of DNA alkali-labile sites induced by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone and 4-oxo-4-(3-pyridyl)butanal in rat hepatocytes. |
| PubMed: | Purification and some properties of the tungsten-containing carboxylic acid reductase from Clostridium formicoaceticum. |
| PubMed: | A tobacco smoke-derived nitrosamine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone, is activated by multiple human cytochrome P450s including the polymorphic human cytochrome P4502D6. |
| PubMed: | Molecular cloning of an alcohol (butanol) dehydrogenase gene cluster from Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of activation and deactivation pathways of 4-(N-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in rat hepatocytes. |
| PubMed: | Degradation of vinyl acetate by soil, sewage, sludge, and the newly isolated aerobic bacterium V2. |
| PubMed: | Coenzyme A-acylating aldehyde dehydrogenase from Clostridium beijerinckii NRRL B592. |
| PubMed: | Sporicidal action of alkaline glutaraldehyde: factors influencing activity and a comparison with other aldehydes. |
| PubMed: | In vitro metabolism of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone by lung cells isolated from Syrian golden hamster. |
| PubMed: | Use of immobilized microbial membrane fragments to remove oxygen and favor the acetone-butanol fermentation. |
| PubMed: | Metabolism and DNA single strand breaks induced by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone and its analogues in primary culture of rat hepatocytes. |
| PubMed: | Redox interactions between catalase and alcohol dehydrogenase pathways of ethanol metabolism in the perfused rat liver. |
| PubMed: | [Endogenous toxemia in pancreatic necrosis of alcoholic etiology]. |
| PubMed: | Initial characterization of aldehyde dehydrogenase from rat testis cytosol. |
| PubMed: | Cytotoxicity, sister-chromatid exchanges and DNA single-strand breaks induced by 4-oxo-4-(3-pyridyl)butanal, a metabolite of a tobacco-specific N-nitrosamine. |
| PubMed: | Ethanol-inducible cytochrome P-450 activity and increase in acetaldehyde bound to microsomes after chronic administration of acetaldehyde or ethanol. |
| PubMed: | Purification and characterization of the NADH-dependent butanol dehydrogenase from Clostridium acetobutylicum (ATCC 824). |
| PubMed: | Metabolism of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone by hamster respiratory tissues cultured with ellagic acid. |
| PubMed: | Mutagenicity in V79 Chinese hamster cells of n-alkanals produced by lipid peroxidation. |
| PubMed: | Isolation and Characterization of Mutants of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 Deficient in Acetoacetyl-Coenzyme A:Acetate/Butyrate:Coenzyme A-Transferase (EC 2.8.3.9) and in Other Solvent Pathway Enzymes. |
| PubMed: | Immobilization of aspartate aminotransferase on agarose. |
| PubMed: | [Aldehydes and ketones in silage: quantitative analysis by high performance liquid chromatography]. |
| PubMed: | Purification and properties of the inducible coenzyme A-linked butyraldehyde dehydrogenase from Clostridium acetobutylicum. |
| PubMed: | Properties and functions of two succinic-semialdehyde dehydrogenases from Pseudomonas putida. |
| PubMed: | Formation of cross-links and fluorescence in polylysine, soluble proteins and membrane proteins by reaction with 1-butanal. |
| PubMed: | Reaction of tobacco smoke aldehydes with human hemoglobin. |
| PubMed: | Clostridium acetobutylicum Mutants That Produce Butyraldehyde and Altered Quantities of Solvents. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis of 7'-(3-hydroxypropyl)fortimicin A and 6'-epifortimicin A. |
| PubMed: | Syntheses of homologous omega-aminated 1-methoxyalkyl beta-D-glucopyranosides as potential beta-D-glucosidase inhibitors. |
| PubMed: | A method for the characterization of aldehyde dehydrogenase with use of alcohol dehydrogenase. |
| PubMed: | Stabilizing effect of glutaraldehyde on the respiratory burst NADPH oxidase of guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes. |
| PubMed: | Alpha-proton abstraction and carbanion formation in the mechanism of action of lysyl oxidase. |
| PubMed: | Autoxidation of human low density lipoprotein: loss of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E and generation of aldehydes. |
| PubMed: | Butanol-Ethanol Dehydrogenase and Butanol-Ethanol-Isopropanol Dehydrogenase: Different Alcohol Dehydrogenases in Two Strains of Clostridium beijerinckii (Clostridium butylicum). |
| PubMed: | [Kinetics of membrane-bound aldehyde dehydrogenase from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus]. |
| PubMed: | Tissue and cellular specificity for DNA adduct formation and persistence following in vivo exposure to chemicals. |
| PubMed: | Reaction of thiobarbituric acid with saturated aldehydes. |
| PubMed: | Reaction pathway of bovine aortic lysyl oxidase. |
| PubMed: | Comparative mutagenicity of 4-(carbethoxynitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)butanal and 4-(carbethoxynitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone, model compounds for alpha-hydroxylation of N'-nitrosonornicotine. |
| PubMed: | [Macroscopic fluctuations of the kinetic activity of alcohol dehydrogenase]. |
| PubMed: | Purification and characterization of human liver "high Km" aldehyde dehydrogenase and its identification as glutamic gamma-semialdehyde dehydrogenase. |
| PubMed: | Formation of cyclic nucleic acid adducts from some simple alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and cyclic nitrosamines. |
| PubMed: | NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Propylene (CAS No. 115-07-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies). |
| PubMed: | 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)butanal (NNA). |
| PubMed: | Sensory irritation response to inhaled aldehydes after formaldehyde pretreatment. |
| PubMed: | Microenvironmental effects on enzyme catalysis. A kinetic study of hydrophobic derivatives of chymotrypsin. |
| PubMed: | Alpha-hydroxylation and mutagenicity of unsymmetrical N-nitrosodialkylamines with a butyl group. |
| PubMed: | Effect of lipid structure on the capacity of myelin basic protein to alter vesicle properties: potent effects of aliphatic aldehydes in promoting basic protein-induced vesicle aggregation. |
| PubMed: | Affinity labeling of the aldehyde site of bacterial luciferase. |
| PubMed: | Sites of reaction of glutaraldehyde and acetaldehyde with nucleosides. |
| PubMed: | Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by various aldehydes. |
| PubMed: | Detection and determination of pyrroloquinoline quinone, the coenzyme of quinoproteins. |
| PubMed: | Formation of cyclic 1,N2--adducts by reaction of deoxyguanosine with alpha-acetoxy-N-nitrosopyrrolidine, 4-(carbethoxynitrosamino)butanal, or crotonaldehyde. |
| PubMed: | In vitro metabolic activation of N,N-dibutylnitrosamine in mutagenesis. |
| PubMed: | Inhibition of microsomal oxidation of alcohols and of hydroxyl-radical-scavenging agents by the iron-chelating agent desferrioxamine. |
| PubMed: | Separation and characterization of the aldehydic products of lipid peroxidation stimulated by ADP-Fe2+ in rat liver microsomes. |
| PubMed: | [Neutral and basic compounds present in gases produced by Clostridium sporogenes, Plectridium putrificum and Plectridium glycolicum cultured under vacuum in sodium thioglycolate glucose broth]. |
| PubMed: | Binding of adducts of NAD(P) and enolizable ketones to NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases. |
| PubMed: | Purification and properties of human liver aldehyde reductases. |
| PubMed: | Soluble aldehyde dehydrogenase and metabolism of aldehydes by soybean bacteroids. |
| PubMed: | Kinetic properties of highly purified preparations of sheep liver cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase. |
| PubMed: | Relationship between carcinogenicity and in vitro metabolism of nitrosomethylethylamine, nitrosomethyl-N-butylamine, and nitrosomethyl-(2-phenylethyl)amine labeled with deuterium in the methyl and alpha-methylene positions. |
| PubMed: | Aldehyde reductase from Crithidia fasciculata: purification and characterization. |
| PubMed: | Studies of covalent adducts of NAD(P) and enolizable ketones as specific glutamate dehydrogenase inhibitors. |
| PubMed: | Toward the total synthesis of Sinefungin. |
| PubMed: | Kinetic studies of the mechanism of sheep liver cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase. |
| PubMed: | Kinetics of nerve impulse blocking by protein cross-linking aldehydes. Apparent critical thermal points. |
| PubMed: | Partial purification and characterization of an alcohol dehydrogenase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis (BCG). |
| PubMed: | The reduction of allyl alcohols by Clostridium species is catalyzed by the combined action of alcohol dehydrogenase and enoate reductase. |
| PubMed: | Effect of protein cross-linking aldehydes on nerve activity. |
| PubMed: | Metabolism in the F344 rat of 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone, a tobacco-specific carcinogen. |
| PubMed: | [Studies on antitumor and antiviral compounds. VI. Synthesis of dl-beta-phthalimido-alpha-n-butyraldehyde derivatives (author's transl)]. |
| PubMed: | Separation and characterization of NAD- and NADP-specific succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli K-12 3300. |
| PubMed: | Metabolism of the tobacco specific nitrosamines, N'-nitrosonornicotine and 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone. |
| PubMed: | Assay for microsomal alpha-hydroxylation of N'-nitrosonornicotine and determination of the deuterium isotope effect for alpha-hydroxylation. |
| PubMed: | [Gas chromatographic determination of butyraldehyde in the atmosphere]. |
| PubMed: | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-decanaldehyde adduct as an inhibitor of beef brain NADP-linked aldehyde reductase. |
| PubMed: | [Studies on antitumor and antiviral compounds. V. Synthesis of alpha-keto-beta-ethoxy-butyraldehyde bisthiosemicarbazone analogs (author's transl)]. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis and anti-inflammatory properties of budesonide, a new non-halogenated glucocorticoid with high local activity. |
| PubMed: | Extensive modification of protein amino groups by reductive addition of different sized substituents. |
| PubMed: | Kinetic properties of aldehyde dehydrogenase from sheep liver mitochondria. |
| PubMed: | Partial reversal of the acetaldehyde and butyraldehyde oxidation reactions catalysed by aldehyde dehydrogenases from sheep liver. |
| PubMed: | Tobacco-specific nitrosamines: formation from nicotine in vitro and during tobacco curing and carcinogenicity in strain A mice. |
| PubMed: | Chemical studies on tobacco smoke LVI. Tobacco specific nitrosamines: origins, carcinogenicity and metabolism. |
| PubMed: | Evidence for metabolic alpha hydroxylation of N-nitrosopyrrolidine. |
| PubMed: | Purification and characterization of two aldehyde dehydrogenases from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. |
| PubMed: | Sensitivity to isopropyl alcohol. |
| PubMed: | Effects of cigarette smoke components on in vitro chemotaxis of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. |
| PubMed: | Oxidative biotransformation of di-n-butylnitrosamine. Formation in vitro of aldehydes in the presence of rat liver microsomes. |
| PubMed: | Behavior genetics of olfactory responses in Drosophila. I. Olfactometry and strain differences in Drosophila melanogaster. |
| PubMed: | Some properties of an alcohol dehydrogenase partially purified from baker's yeast grown without added zinc. |
| PubMed: | Interference by divalent metals in the preparation of soluble intestinal alkaline phosphatase with n-butanal. |
| PubMed: | A study of the pH- and temperature-dependence of the reactions of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase with ethanol, acetaldehyde and butyraldehyde as substrates. |
| PubMed: | Effect of reductive alkylation on catalytic properties of glycogen phosphorylase B. enzyme derivatives with changed nucleotide affinities. |
| PubMed: | A study of the kinetics and mechanism of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase with a variety of substrates. |
| PubMed: | Synergistic false-positive coliform reaction on M-Endo MF medium. |
| PubMed: | The radiolysis of aqueous solutions of ethylene. |
| PubMed: | Encystment and polymer production by Azotobacter vinelandii in the presence of beta-hydroxybutyrate. |
| PubMed: | [Enzymatic conversion of n-butyraldehyde to n-butanol in Clostridium acetobutylicum]. |
| PubMed: | 2-methylene butanal and related compounds in the defensive scent of Platyzosteria cockroaches (Blattidae: Polyzosteriinae). |
| PubMed: | Dehydrogenase activity of pseudomonas species. |
| PubMed: | [Comparative toxic action of crotonaldehyde and butyraldehyde]. |
| PubMed: | The effect of tetraethylthiuramdisulphide (disulfiram) upon the toxicity of lower aliphatic aldehydes (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, acrolein and crotonaldehyde). |
| PubMed: | A toxicological investigation of lower aliphatic aldehydes. I. Toxicity of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde; propionaldehyde and butyraldehyde; as well as of acrolein and crotonaldehyde. |
| PubMed: | Condensation of butanal with 4-heptanone and 3-hexanone and attempted condensation of 2-ethyl-2-hexenal with 4-heptanone. |
| PubMed: | SOME EFFECTS OF FORMALDEHYDE ON HORSE ANTIPNEUMOCOCCUS SERUM AND DIPHTHERIA ANTITOXIN, AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE FOR THE THEORY OF ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY AGGREGATION. |
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