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Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 97.00 to 100.00 %
|
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Specific Gravity: | 0.97000 to 0.97800 @ 25.00 °C.
|
| Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 8.071 to 8.138
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| Specific Gravity: | 0.97100 to 0.97900 @ 20.00 °C.
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| Pounds per Gallon - est.: | 8.089 to 8.156
|
| Refractive Index: | 1.51600 to 1.52200 @ 20.00 °C.
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| Melting Point: | 28.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 135.00 to 136.00 °C. @ 26.00 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 246.00 to 248.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Vapor Pressure: | 0.012000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point: | 225.00 °F. TCC ( 107.22 °C. )
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| logP (o/w): | 2.370 |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, slightly | | | water, 1687 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
| Insoluble in: |
| | water |
| Stability: |
| | non-discoloring |
Organoleptic Properties:
| |
| Odor Type: spicy |
| |
| Odor Strength: | medium |
| |
| Substantivity: | 68 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
| |
| | cumin caraway spicy herbal leathery |
Odor Description: at 100.00 %. | strong cumin caraway spicy herbal leather Luebke, William tgsc, (1992) |
| |
| |
| Flavor Type: spicy |
| |
| | spicy cumin herbal peppery fatty rue hairy |
Taste Description:
| spicy cumin herbal peppery fatty rue hairy Luebke, William tgsc, (1992) |
| |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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| IFF |
| Cuminyl Alcohol |
| Odor Description: | Warm spicy, herbaceous, caraway |
| |
| Moellhausen |
| ALCOL CUMINICO |
| Odor Description: | sweet aromatic, slightly spicy & cumin-like |
| |
| Tadimety Aromatics |
| Cuminic Alcohol |
| Odor Description: | Strong Cumin Caraway Spicy herbal leather |
| Taste Description: | cumin |
| |
| |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | Xn - Harmful. |
R 22 - Harmful if swallowed. R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing.
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| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
| |
| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Human Experience: |
| 4 % solution: no irritation or sensitization. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 1020 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 871, 1974.
|
| Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rabbit LD50 2500 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 871, 1974.
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
| IFRA Critical Effect: | Dermal sensitization and systemic toxicity |
| IFRA: | View Standard |
| View IFRA Standards Library for complete information. |
| Please review Amendment 49 IFRA documentation for complete information. |
| IFRA RESTRICTION LIMITS IN THE FINISHED PRODUCT (%): |
| Category 1: Products applied to the lips |
| 0.45 % |
| Category 2: Products applied to the axillae |
| 0.14 % |
| Category 3: Products applied to the face/body using fingertips |
| 0.40 % |
| Category 4: Products related to fine fragrance |
| 2.50 % |
| | Category 5: Products applied to the face and body using the hands (palms), primarily leave-on |
| Category 5A: Body lotion products applied to the body using the hands (palms), primarily leave-on |
| 0.64 % |
| Category 5B: Face moisturizer products applied to the face using the hands (palms), primarily leave-on |
| 0.64 % |
| Category 5C: Hand cream products applied to the hands using the hands (palms), primarily leave-on |
| 0.64 % |
| Category 5D: Baby Creams, baby Oils and baby talc |
| 0.21 % |
| Category 6: Products with oral and lip exposure |
| 1.50 % |
| | Category 7: Products applied to the hair with some hand contact |
| Category 7A: Rinse-off products applied to the hair with some hand contact |
| 0.80 % |
| Category 7B: Leave-on products applied to the hair with some hand contact |
| 0.80 % |
| Category 8: Products with significant anogenital exposure |
| 0.21 % |
| Category 9: Products with body and hand exposure, primarily rinse off |
| 2.00 % |
| | Category 10: Household care products with mostly hand contact |
| Category 10A: Household care excluding aerosol products (excluding aerosol/spray products) |
| 2.00 % |
| Category 10B: Household aerosol/spray products |
| 4.80 % |
| | Category 11: Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate |
| Category 11A: Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate without UV exposure |
| 0.21 % |
| Category 11B: Products with intended skin contact but minimal transfer of fragrance to skin from inert substrate with potential UV exposure |
| 0.21 % |
| Category 12: Products not intended for direct skin contact, minimal or insignificant transfer to skin |
| No Restriction |
| | Notes: |
| IFRA FLAVOR REQUIREMENTS: |
Due to the possible ingestion of small amounts of fragrance ingredients from their use in products in Categories 1 and 6, materials must not only comply with IFRA Standards but must also be recognized as safe as a flavoring ingredient as defined by the IOFI Code of Practice (www.iofi.org). For more details see chapter 1 of the Guidance for the use of IFRA Standards. |
| |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.24 (μg/capita/day) |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 0.30 (μg/capita/day) |
| Structure Class: | I |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 3 |
| Click here to view publication 3 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | - | 35.00000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 11.00000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | - | - |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | - | - |
| frozen dairy: | - | 0.47000 |
| fruit ices: | - | 0.47000 |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | - | - |
| hard candy: | - | 33.00000 |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | - |
| meat products: | - | - |
| milk products: | - | - |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | - | - |
| poultry: | - | - |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
| snack foods: | - | - |
| soft candy: | - | - |
| soups: | - | - |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
| Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) reference(s): |
| The FEMA GRAS assessment of benzyl derivatives used as flavor ingredients. View pdf |
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 20 (FGE.20): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids, and related esters from chemical group 23 View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 52 (FGE.52): Consideration of hydroxy- and alkoxy-substituted benzyl derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids, and related esters evaluated by EFSA in FGE.20 (2005) (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 54 (FGE.54)[1] - Consideration of benzyl derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids and related esters evaluated by EFSA in FGE.20 (2005) - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 20, Revision 1 (FGE.20Rev1): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids and related esters from chemical group 23 View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 54, Revision 1 (FGE.54Rev1): Consideration of benzyl derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids and related esters evaluated by EFSA in FGE.20Rev1 (2009) View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 20, Revision 2 (FGE.20Rev2): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids, and related esters from chemical groups 23 and 30 View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 20, Revision 3(FGE.20Rev3): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids, and related esters from chemical groups 23 and 30 View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: | View |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 536-60-7 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 325 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WGK Germany: | 2 |
| | (4-propan-2-ylphenyl)methanol |
| Chemidplus: | 0000536607 |
| RTECS: | GZ7260000 for cas# 536-60-7 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
| |
| For Odor |
| No odor group found for these |
| | arnica montana flower extract | FL/FR |
|
| para- | menth-1-en-9-al | FL/FR |
| aldehydic |
| | agrumen nitrile | FR |
| animal |
| iso | butyl quinoline | FR |
| anise |
| sweet | fennel seed oil | FL/FR |
| balsamic |
| | hexyl cinnamate | FR |
| cheesy |
| 2- | heptanone | FL/FR |
| earthy |
| 3- | octen-2-one | FL/FR |
| fatty |
| 2- | decen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| | perillaldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| floral |
| | cassie absolute replacer | FL/FR |
| | coriander seed oil | FL/FR |
| | cumin carbinol | FR |
| | dihydrocarvyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | dihydrojasmone | FL/FR |
| (Z)- | jasmone | FL/FR |
| | lilyall | FR |
| (Z)- | rose oxide | FL/FR |
| | terpinyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| 1,4- | diethyl-6,8-dioxabicyclo(3.2.1)octane | FR |
| | green acetate | FR |
| | herbanate (Givaudan) | FR |
| | perillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| green |
| sec- | butyl-3-methyl but-2-ene thioate | FL/FR |
| | carrot leaf oil (daucus carota ssp.maximus) | FR |
| | cumin acetaldehyde | FL/FR |
| 3- | hepten-2-one | FL/FR |
| | perilla alcohol | FL/FR |
| | privet dioxane | FR |
| herbal |
| | agate fragrance | FR |
| | anethum graveolens herb oil | FL/FR |
| | carrot seed oil (daucus carota ssp. gummifer hook. fil.) spain | FR |
| | carrot seed oil (daucus carota ssp. maximus (desf.) ball) | FR |
| | carum carvi fruit oil | FL/FR |
| | carvacryl methyl ether | FL/FR |
| | celery ketone | FL/FR |
| | celery undecene | FR |
| | coriander seed absolute | FL/FR |
| | coriander seed concrete | FR |
| 2- | cyclohexyl cyclohexanone | FR |
| | daucus carota fruit oil | FL/FR |
| | dehydroxylinalool oxide | FL/FR |
| | dill seed oil CO2 extract indian | FL/FR |
| | dill seed oil indian | FL/FR |
| | elder flower absolute (sambucus canadensis and s. nigra) | FR |
| | herbal acetal | FR |
| | lavender absolute bulgaria | FL/FR |
| 1-para- | menthen-9-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| T- | muurolol | FL/FR |
| 3- | nonanol | FL/FR |
| | nonisyl acetate | FR |
| 3- | octanon-1-ol | FL/FR |
| curled | parsley leaf oil | FL/FR |
| curled | parsley seed oil | FL/FR |
| | perilla leaf oil | FL/FR |
| | perillaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | saffron indenone | FL/FR |
| green | tea leaf absolute | FL/FR |
| | thyme undecane | FR |
| medicinal |
| summer | savory oil | FL/FR |
| minty |
| | betula lenta bark oil america | FL/FR |
| laevo- | carveol | FL/FR |
| dextro- | carvone | FL/FR |
| cis- | carvone-5,6-oxide | FL/FR |
| trans-para- | menthan-2-one | FL/FR |
| orris |
| | orris capronate | FL/FR |
| iso | butyl (E,E)-2,4-decadienamide | FL/FR |
| iso | butyl angelate | FL/FR |
| | carrot weed oil | FL/FR |
| | carvacryl ethyl ether | FL/FR |
| trans- | carveol | FL/FR |
| cis- | carveol | FL/FR |
| | cinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| (E)- | cinnamyl nitrile | FR |
| (-)- | cubenol | FL/FR |
| | cumin seed | |
| | cumin seed absolute | FL/FR |
| | cumin seed concrete | FR |
| | cumin seed oil | FL/FR |
| | cumin seed oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| | cuminaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | cuminum cyminum fruit extract | FL/FR |
| | cuminum cyminum fruit oil turkey | FL/FR |
| | cuminyl nitrile | FR |
| black | currant bud absolute | FL/FR |
| | ginger oleoresin africa | FL/FR |
| | ginger root absolute | FL/FR |
| (R)-gamma- | heptalactone | |
| | hollyberry fragrance | FR |
| sweet | marjoram oil (origanum majorana var. tenuifolium weston) cyprus | |
| | ocimum gratissimum herb oil india | FR |
| | origanum majorana oil | FL/FR |
| | origanum majorana oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| | origanum majorana oil cuba | FL/FR |
| | origanum majorana oil morocco | FL/FR |
| | outdoors specialty | FR |
| white | pepper oil | FL/FR |
| black | pepper oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| black | pepper oleoresin | FL/FR |
| 4-iso | propyl-2-cyclohexenone | FL/FR |
| | saffron oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| (±)-1,2,5,6- | tetrahydrocuminic acid | FL/FR |
| woody |
| ar- | abietatriene | |
| | cedarwood oil himalaya | FR |
| | cistus twig/leaf oil | FL/FR |
| | patchouli absolute | FR |
| | sandalwood oil | FL/FR |
| (±)- | tetrahydronootkatone | FL/FR |
| |
| For Flavor |
| |
| No flavor group found for these |
| ar- | abietatriene | |
| | arnica montana flower extract | FL/FR |
| iso | butyl (E,E)-2,4-decadienamide | FL/FR |
| sec- | butyl-3-methyl but-2-ene thioate | FL/FR |
| | carvacryl ethyl ether | FL/FR |
| | carvacryl methyl ether | FL/FR |
| trans- | carveol | FL/FR |
| cis- | carveol | FL/FR |
| | cassie absolute replacer | FL/FR |
| (±)-(cis+trans)-1,2- | dihydroperillaldehyde | FL |
| 2,4- | dimethyl anisole | FL |
| | fleabane oil (erigeron canadensis) | FL |
| (R)-gamma- | heptalactone | |
| 2- | heptyl cyclopropane carboxylic acid | FL |
| sweet | marjoram oil (origanum majorana var. tenuifolium weston) cyprus | |
| para- | menth-1-en-9-al | FL/FR |
| T- | muurolol | FL/FR |
| 3- | nonanol | FL/FR |
| 3- | octanon-1-ol | FL/FR |
| | perilla leaf oil | FL/FR |
| | perillaldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| 4-iso | propyl-2-cyclohexenone | FL/FR |
| | terpinyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| (±)-1,2,5,6- | tetrahydrocuminic acid | FL/FR |
| (±)- | tetrahydronootkatone | FL/FR |
|
| | hexyl 3-mercaptobutanoate | FL |
| anise |
| sweet | fennel seed oil | FL/FR |
| buttery |
| | bovolide | FL |
| cheesy |
| 2- | heptanone | FL/FR |
| creamy |
| 3- | hepten-2-one | FL/FR |
| 3- | octen-2-one | FL/FR |
| floral |
| | dihydrocarvyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | dihydrojasmone | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| 1-para- | menthen-9-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| green |
| iso | butyl angelate | FL/FR |
| | carrot weed oil | FL/FR |
| | celery ketone | FL/FR |
| | cumin acetaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | perillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| (Z)- | rose oxide | FL/FR |
| herbal |
| | anethum graveolens herb oil | FL/FR |
| | carum carvi fruit oil | FL/FR |
| | coriander seed absolute | FL/FR |
| | coriander seed oil | FL/FR |
| | daucus carota fruit oil | FL/FR |
| | lavender absolute bulgaria | FL/FR |
| | origanum majorana oil | FL/FR |
| | origanum majorana oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| curled | parsley leaf oil | FL/FR |
| curled | parsley seed oil | FL/FR |
| | saffron indenone | FL/FR |
| medicinal |
| summer | savory oil | FL/FR |
| minty |
| | betula lenta bark oil america | FL/FR |
| laevo- | carveol | FL/FR |
| dextro- | carvone | FL/FR |
| cis- | carvone-5,6-oxide | FL/FR |
| trans-para- | menthan-2-one | FL/FR |
| orris |
| | orris capronate | FL/FR |
| spicy |
| sweet | bay oleoresin | FL |
| | cinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| (-)- | cubenol | FL/FR |
| | cumin flavor | FL |
| | cumin oleoresin | FL |
| | cumin seed | |
| | cumin seed absolute | FL/FR |
| | cumin seed oil | FL/FR |
| | cumin seed oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| | cuminaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | cuminum cyminum fruit extract | FL/FR |
| | cuminum cyminum fruit oil turkey | FL/FR |
| black | currant bud absolute | FL/FR |
| | dill seed oil CO2 extract indian | FL/FR |
| | dill seed oil indian | FL/FR |
| | ginger oleoresin africa | FL/FR |
| | ginger root absolute | FL/FR |
| | origanum majorana oil cuba | FL/FR |
| | origanum majorana oil morocco | FL/FR |
| white | pepper oil | FL/FR |
| black | pepper oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| black | pepper oleoresin | FL/FR |
| | perillaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | saffron oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| winter | savory oil | FL |
| tea |
| green | tea leaf absolute | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| 2- | decen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| woody |
| | cistus twig/leaf oil | FL/FR |
| | dehydroxylinalool oxide | FL/FR |
| (Z)- | jasmone | FL/FR |
| | perilla alcohol | FL/FR |
| | sandalwood oil | FL/FR |
| |
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | alcol cuminico | | | benzenemethanol, 4-(1-methylethyl)- | | | benzyl alcohol, p-isopropyl- | | | cumic alcohol | | p- | cumic alcohol | | | cumin alcohol | | | cuminic alcohol | | | cuminol | | | cuminyl alcohol | | | cuminylalcohol | | | cumunyl alcohol | | | cumyl alcohol | | p- | cymen-7-ol | | para- | cymen-7-ol | | 4-(1- | methylethyl)benzene methanol | | 4-(1- | methylethyl)benzenemethanol | | [4-( | methylethyl)phenyl]methan-1-ol | | [4-( | propan-2-yl)phenyl]methanol | | (4- | propan-2-ylphenyl)methanol | | 4-iso | propyl benzyl alcohol | | p-iso | propyl benzyl alcohol | | para-iso | propyl benzyl alcohol | | 4-iso | propylbenzyl alcohol | | p-iso | propylbenzyl alcohol | | para-iso | propylbenzyl alcohol | | (4-iso | propylphenyl)methanol |
Articles:
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