|
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | yellow clear liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 96.00 to 100.00 %
|
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Specific Gravity: | 0.92600 to 0.93600 @ 25.00 °C.
|
| Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 7.705 to 7.788
|
| Refractive Index: | 1.40600 to 1.41600 @ 20.00 °C.
|
| Melting Point: | -30.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Boiling Point: | 128.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Vapor Pressure: | 10.000000 mmHg @ 20.00 °C. |
| Vapor Density: | 3.9 ( Air = 1 ) |
| Flash Point: | 83.00 °F. TCC ( 28.33 °C. )
|
| logP (o/w): | -0.321 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, slightly | | | water, 2.113e+005 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
| Similar Items: note |
| acetyl isobutyryl |
| hexane-3,4-dione |
Organoleptic Properties:
| |
| Odor Type: buttery |
| |
| Odor Strength: | high , recommend smelling in a 1.00 % solution or less |
| |
| Substantivity: | 220 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
| |
| | dry sweet caramellic buttery oily fatty creamy phenolic fruity |
Odor Description: at 1.00 % in dipropylene glycol. | dry sweet caramel butter oily fatty creamy phenolic fruity Luebke, William tgsc, (1988) |
| |
| | sweet creamy caramellic buttery fruity jammy |
Odor Description:
| Sweet, creamy, caramellic, buttery with a fruity jammy nuance Mosciano, Gerard P&F 16, No. 6, 43, (1991) |
| |
| |
| Flavor Type: creamy |
| |
| | creamy fruity toasted brown caramellic |
Taste Description: at 50.00 ppm. | Creamy, fruity, toasted brown caramellic notes Mosciano, Gerard P&F 16, No. 6, 43, (1991) |
| |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
| |
| Sigma-Aldrich |
| 2,3-Hexanedione, ≥95%, FG |
| Odor Description: | butter; creamy; oily; sweet |
| Taste Description: | creamy fruity toasted brown caramel |
| |
| Indukern F&F |
| ACETYL BUTYRYL |
| Odor Description: | SWEET, CREAMY, BUTTER |
| |
| |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
| Ambles Nature et Chimie |
| 3.4-HEXANEDIONE
|
| Anhui Haibei |
| Acetyl Butyryl
Odor: Dry sweet butter oily creamy fatty fruity jam |
| Augustus Oils |
| 2,3 Hexanedione
|
| Services |
| Beijing Lys Chemicals |
| 2,3-Hexanedione
|
| BOC Sciences |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,3-Hexanedione
|
| CJ Latta & Associates |
| ACETYL BUTYRYL
|
| Diffusions Aromatiques |
| 2,3 HEXANEDIONE
|
| EMD Millipore |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,3-Hexanedione
|
| Ernesto Ventós |
| 2,3-HEXANEDIONE
Odor: CREAMY, SWEET, BUTTERY, CHEESY |
| Frutarom |
| 2,3-HEXANEDIONE
KOSHER Flavor: Buttery, Fatty, Sweet, Oily, Creamy |
| IFF |
| 2,3-HEXANEDIONE
KOSHER Flavor: Buttery, Fatty, Sweet, Oily, Creamy |
| Indukern F&F |
| ACETYL BUTYRYL
Odor: SWEET, CREAMY, BUTTER |
| Inoue Perfumery |
| ACETYL BUTYRYL
|
| Lluch Essence |
| ACETYL BUTIRYL NATURAL
|
| Lluch Essence |
| ACETYL BUTIRYL
Odor: CREAMY, SWEET, BUTTERY |
| M&U International |
| 2,3-HEXANDIONE
|
| Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics |
| Acetyl Butyryl
Odor: Sweet, creamy, caramellic, buttery with a fruity jammy nuance |
| Nagar Haveli Perfumes & Aromatics |
| Acetyl Butyryl
Natural Odor: Sweet, creamy, caramellic, buttery with a fruity jammy nuance |
| Pearlchem Corporation |
| Acetyl Butyryl
|
| Santa Cruz Biotechnology |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2,3-Hexanedione ≥90%
|
| Sigma-Aldrich |
| 2,3-Hexanedione, ≥95%, FG
Odor: butter; creamy; oily; sweet |
| Certified Food Grade Products |
| Sigma-Aldrich |
| 2,3-Hexanedione, natural, 96%, FG
|
| SRS Aromatics |
| 2,3-HEXANEDIONE (FG)
|
| Synerzine |
| Acetyl Butyryl (natural)
|
| Synerzine |
| Acetyl Butyryl (synthetic)
|
| Tianjin Danjun International |
| 2,3-Hexanedione
|
| United International |
| 2,3-Hexanedione
|
| Vigon International |
| Acetyl Butyryl (2,3-Hexanedione)
Odor: Dry sweet butter oily creamy fatty fruity jam |
| WholeChem |
| Acetyl Butyryl, Natural
|
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | Xi - Irritant |
R 10 - Flammable. R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
|
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
Flammable liquids (Category 3), H226 Skin irritation (Category 2), H315 Eye irritation (Category 2A), H319 Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure (Category 3), Respiratory system, H335
|
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram |   |
| |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statement(s) |
H226 - Flammable liquid and vapour H315 - Causes skin irritation H319 - Causes serious eye irritation H335 - May cause respiratory irritation
|
| Precautionary statement(s) |
P210 - Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. P233 - Keep container tightly closed. P240 - Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. P241 - Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/…/equipment. P242 - Use only non-sparking tools. P243 - Take precautionary measures against static discharge. P261 - Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264 - Wash skin thouroughly after handling. P271 - Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P280 - Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P303 + P361 + P353 - IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower. P304 + P340 - IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. P305 + P351 + P338 - IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P312 - Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. P332 + P313 - IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P337 + P313 - IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P362 - Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. P370 + P378 - In case of fire: Use dry sand, dry chemical or alcohol-resistant foam for extinction. P403 + P233 - Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P403 + P235 - Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P405 - Store locked up. P501 - Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant.
|
| Human Experience: |
| 4 % solution: no irritation or sensitization. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg (Moreno, 1977d)
oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 697, 1979.
|
| Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 697, 1979.
|
| Inhalation Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
| Recommendation for acetyl butyryl usage levels up to: | | | 1.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
|
| |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 8.50 (μg/capita/day) |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 3 |
| Click here to view publication 3 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | - | 6.60000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 6.60000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | - | - |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | - | - |
| frozen dairy: | - | 4.80000 |
| fruit ices: | - | 4.80000 |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | - | - |
| hard candy: | - | 7.30000 |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | - |
| meat products: | - | - |
| milk products: | - | - |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | - | - |
| poultry: | - | - |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
| snack foods: | - | - |
| soft candy: | - | - |
| soups: | - | - |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 11 (FGE.11): Aliphatic dialcohols, diketones, and hydroxyketones from chemical group 10 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 11, Revision 1 (FGE.11Rev1) - Aliphatic dialcohols, diketones, and hydroxyketones from chemical group 10 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: | View |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 3848-24-6 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 19707 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WISER: | UN 1224 |
| WGK Germany: | 2 |
| | hexane-2,3-dione |
| Chemidplus: | 0003848246 |
| EPA/NOAA CAMEO: | hazardous materials |
| RTECS: | MO3140000 for cas# 3848-24-6 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
| |
| For Odor |
| No odor group found for these |
| | butter starter distillates | FL/FR |
| acidic |
| iso | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| | cyclohexyl acetic acid | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl butyric acid | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-2-pentenoic acid | FL/FR |
| aldehydic |
| | acetyl nonyryl | FL/FR |
| balsamic |
| 2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| | cinnamyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| bready |
| | coffee furanone | FL/FR |
| buttery |
| | acetoin | FL/FR |
| | acetoin dimer | FL/FR |
| | acetoin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| | acetyl isobutyryl | FL/FR |
| | acetyl propionyl | FL/FR |
| | apple butter fragrance | FR |
| | butter fragrance | FR |
| | butter oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| | butyl butyryl lactate | FL/FR |
| iso | butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| | butyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| 2,3- | heptane dione | FL/FR |
| 3,4- | hexane dione | FL/FR |
| 2-oxo | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| | caramel pentadione | FL/FR |
| | cyclotene | FL/FR |
| | cyclotene hydrate | FL/FR |
| alpha,alpha- | dimethyl anisyl acetone | FL/FR |
| | ethyl 2-hydroxy-2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl cyclopentenolone | FL/FR |
| | ethyl maltol | FL/FR |
| 5- | ethyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one | FL/FR |
| | fenugreek absolute | FL/FR |
| | geranyl crotonate | FR |
| | immortelle absolute | FL/FR |
| | levulinic acid | FL/FR |
| | maltol | FL/FR |
| | maltyl propionate | FL/FR |
| | maple furanone | FL/FR |
| | menthone lactone | FL/FR |
| | mesitene lactone | FR |
| 5- | methyl furfural | FL/FR |
| | rosefuran | FL/FR |
| | shoyu furanone | FL/FR |
| | strawberry furanone | FL/FR |
| | strawberry furanone acetate | FL/FR |
| | toffee furanone | FL/FR |
| cheesy |
| | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl valeric acid | FL/FR |
| cocoa |
| | cocoa butter fragrance | FR |
| coconut |
| | coconut decanone methyl | FR |
| | coconut naphthalenone | FL/FR |
| delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| delta-2- | dodecenolactone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | heptalactone | FL/FR |
| delta- | nonalactone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| gamma- | octalactone | FL/FR |
| delta- | undecalactone | FL/FR |
| corn chip |
| | popcorn pyrimidine | FL/FR |
| coumarinic |
| epsilon- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| | tonka bean resinoid | FR |
| 2,3- | butane diol | FR |
| gamma- | butyrolactone | FL/FR |
| | creamy lactone | FL/FR |
| | cyclotene propionate | FL/FR |
| 3- | heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone | FL/FR |
| (Z)-gamma- | jasmolactone | FR |
| delta- | tridecalactone | FL/FR |
| para- | vanillic acid | FL/FR |
| para- | vanillyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | waxy lactone | FL/FR |
| earthy |
| 1- | nonen-3-ol | FL/FR |
| ethereal |
| | ethyl 4-pentenoate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl pyruvate | FL/FR |
| iso | valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| fatty |
| | butter esters | FL/FR |
| | butyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
| (Z)- | dairy lactone | FL/FR |
| 7- | decen-4-olide | FL/FR |
| | ethyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
| delta- | juniper lactone | FL/FR |
| 4- | methyl octanoic acid | FL/FR |
| fermented |
| | butyl laevo-lactate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl (E)-2-crotonate | FL/FR |
| floral |
| para- | anisyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl lactate | FL/FR |
| | jasmin absolute italy (from concrete) | FL/FR |
| | jasmin absolute replacer | FR |
| | jasmin pyranone | FL/FR |
| | linalyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| para- | methyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| | acetoin acetate | FL/FR |
| 1- | acetoxyacetone | FL/FR |
| bitter | almond oil | FL/FR |
| iso | amyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | amyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| (S)-delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| | ethyl lactate | FL/FR |
| (E)- | ethyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| | farnesyl acetone | FL/FR |
| | maltyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | methyl (Z)-5-octenoate | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl butyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | neryl propionate | FL/FR |
| 2- | nonanone | FL/FR |
| | octyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | prenyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | propylene glycol dibutyrate | |
| | sorbyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | strawberry furanone butyrate | FL/FR |
| | tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate | FL/FR |
| gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| 2- | undecanone | FL/FR |
| green |
| iso | amyl 3-(2-furan) propionate | FL/FR |
| iso | butyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
| | butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | hepten-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | heptenal | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | heptenal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| (E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal | FL/FR |
| | butyl levulinate | FL/FR |
| marine |
| | marine pyridine | FR |
| mushroom |
| 3- | octen-2-ol | FL/FR |
| 1- | octen-3-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| musty |
| 3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3,5(or 6)-dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
| (-)-(E,R)- | filbertone | FL/FR |
| 5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| | nutty cyclohexenone | FL/FR |
| oily |
| | butter acids | FL/FR |
| phenolic |
| 4- | methyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol | FL/FR |
| plastic |
| 1- | phenyl-1,2-propane dione | FL/FR |
| soapy |
| | ethyl undecanoate | FL/FR |
| (E)- | tiglic acid | FL/FR |
| sweet |
| | vanilla oleoresin bali | FL/FR |
| tonka |
| 6- | amyl-alpha-pyrone | FL/FR |
| | mint lactone | FL/FR |
| | tonka bean absolute | FR |
| | whiskey lactone | FL/FR |
| tropical |
| delta- | dodecalactone | FL/FR |
| | glyceryl 5-hydroxydecanoate | FL/FR |
| | glyceryl 5-hydroxydodecanoate | FL/FR |
| vanilla |
| ortho- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
| | ethyl vanillin | FL/FR |
| | ethyl vanillin isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| | vanillin | FL/FR |
| | vanillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | vanillyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | vanillylidene acetone | FL/FR |
| vegetable |
| | methional | FL/FR |
| | tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| | allyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| iso | amyl decanoate | FL/FR |
| 5(6)- | decenoic acid | FL/FR |
| | ethyl palmitate | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl heptanoic acid | FL/FR |
| | methyl laurate | FL/FR |
| 2- | nonanol | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | octen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | octyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | octyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| delta- | tetradecalactone | FL/FR |
| | undecanoic acid | FL/FR |
| |
| For Flavor |
| |
| No flavor group found for these |
| 1- | acetoxyacetone | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine | FL |
| | allyl 2-furoate | FL |
| | allyl methyl trisulfide | FL |
| | amyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl disulfide | FL |
| | benzyl lactate | FL/FR |
| | butter nut rum flavor | FL |
| | butyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| | cinnamyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| | coconut naphthalenone | FL/FR |
| | cyclotene propionate | FL/FR |
| (S)-delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| 7- | decen-4-olide | FL/FR |
| 6- | decenoic acid | FL |
| 2,5- | diethyl tetrahydrofuran | FL |
| alpha,alpha- | dimethyl anisyl acetone | FL/FR |
| ortho- | dimethyl hydroquinone | FL/FR |
| delta-2- | dodecenolactone | FL/FR |
| | ethyl 2-hydroxy-2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl 4-pentenoate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl butyryl lactate | FL |
| 5- | ethyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one | FL/FR |
| | farnesyl acetone | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl acetone | FL |
| | menthone lactone | FL/FR |
| 3-( | methyl thio) hexanal | FL |
| 4,5- | octane dione | FL |
| (E)-2- | octen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | prenyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | propylene glycol dibutyrate | |
| | rosefuran | FL/FR |
| | sodium 4-methyl-2-oxovalerate | FL |
|
| iso | amyl 3-(2-furan) propionate | FL/FR |
| acidic |
| iso | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| | levulinic acid | FL/FR |
| aldehydic |
| | acetyl nonyryl | FL/FR |
| alliaceous |
| 3- | tetrahydrothiophenone | FL |
| amber |
| iso | butyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
| anisic |
| para- | anisyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| balsamic |
| | vanillylidene acetone | FL/FR |
| berry |
| | maltyl acetate | FL/FR |
| bitter |
| | glyceryl tributyrate | FL |
| bready |
| | mango furanone | FL |
| brown |
| 2-oxo | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| 5- | methyl furfural | FL/FR |
| | tetrahydrofurfuryl acetate | FL/FR |
| (E)- | tiglic acid | FL/FR |
| burnt |
| | furfuryl alcohol | FL |
| 2- | methyl quinoxaline | FL |
| buttery |
| | acetoin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| | bovolide | FL |
| | butter cream frosting flavor | FL |
| | butter enhancers | FL |
| sweet | butter flavor | FL |
| creamy | butter flavor | FL |
| | butter flavor | FL |
| | butter maple flavor | FL |
| | butter nut vanilla flavor | FL |
| | butter oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| | butter pecan flavor | FL |
| | butter praline flavor | FL |
| | butter starter distillates | FL/FR |
| | butter toffee flavor | FL |
| | butter vanilla nut flavor | FL |
| iso | butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| | butyl laevo-lactate | FL/FR |
| | butyroin | FL |
| | diacetyl | FL |
| | ghee flavor | FL |
| 2,3- | heptane dione | FL/FR |
| 3,4- | hexane dione | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl valeric acid | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | pentenoic acid | FL |
| cabbage |
| | methyl 2-thiofuroate | FL |
| caramellic |
| | butter rum toffee flavor | FL |
| | caramel dione | FL |
| | caramel furanone | FL |
| | caramel pentadione | FL/FR |
| | cyclotene | FL/FR |
| | cyclotene hydrate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl maltol | FL/FR |
| 5- | ethyl-3,4,5,6-tetramethyl cyclohexen-2-one | FL |
| | fenugreek absolute | FL/FR |
| | maltol | FL/FR |
| | maltyl propionate | FL/FR |
| | maple furanone | FL/FR |
| 3- | methyl butyl 2-furyl butyrate | FL |
| 1- | phenyl-1,2-propane dione | FL/FR |
| | shoyu furanone | FL/FR |
| | strawberry furanone | FL/FR |
| | strawberry furanone acetate | FL/FR |
| | toffee furanone | FL/FR |
| cheesy |
| 2- | nonanone | FL/FR |
| chocolate |
| | chocolate butter cream flavor | FL |
| citrus |
| | butter lemon orange flavor | FL |
| coconut |
| delta- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| (R)- | massoia lactone | FL |
| 6- | methyl coumarin | FL |
| gamma- | nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| coffee |
| | coffee distillates | FL |
| 2- | thiophene thiol | FL |
| corn chip |
| | popcorn pyrimidine | FL/FR |
| creamy |
| | acetoin | FL/FR |
| | acetoin butyrate | FL |
| | acetyl ethyl carbinol | FL |
| | acetyl isobutyryl | FL/FR |
| 6- | amyl-alpha-pyrone | FL/FR |
| | butter esters | FL/FR |
| | butter fat enzyme modified with added butyric acid | FL |
| | butyl butyryl lactate | FL/FR |
| | creamy lactone | FL/FR |
| 5(6)- | decenoic acid | FL/FR |
| 5,5- | dibutyl dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one | FL |
| | divanillin | FL |
| delta- | dodecalactone | FL/FR |
| | glyceryl 5-hydroxydecanoate | FL/FR |
| | glyceryl 5-hydroxydodecanoate | FL/FR |
| | jasmin pyranone | FL/FR |
| para- | methyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
| | mint lactone | FL/FR |
| delta- | nonalactone | FL/FR |
| | octyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| delta- | tridecalactone | FL/FR |
| delta- | undecalactone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| para- | vanillic acid | FL/FR |
| para- | vanillyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | waxy lactone | FL/FR |
| dairy |
| | acetoin dimer | FL/FR |
| | methyl (Z)-5-octenoate | FL/FR |
| earthy |
| 1- | nonen-3-ol | FL/FR |
| fatty |
| | butter acids | FL/FR |
| (Z)- | dairy lactone | FL/FR |
| | diacetyl trimer | FL |
| | ethyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
| delta- | juniper lactone | FL/FR |
| 4- | methyl octanoic acid | FL/FR |
| 2,4- | octadien-1-ol | FL |
| 2,4- | undecadienal | FL |
| (E,E)-2,4- | undecadienal | FL |
| floral |
| | jasmin absolute italy (from concrete) | FL/FR |
| | linalyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| | acetoin acetate | FL/FR |
| | acetyl isovaleryl | FL |
| bitter | almond oil | FL/FR |
| iso | amyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| gamma- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| | ethyl lactate | FL/FR |
| (E)- | ethyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl valerate | FL |
| 3- | heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl butyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl butyric acid | FL/FR |
| 2- | pentanoyl furan | FL |
| | phenethyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| | sorbyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | strawberry furanone butyrate | FL/FR |
| iso | valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| green |
| | butyl lactate | FL/FR |
| | heptanal 2,3-butane diol acetal | FL |
| (Z)-4- | hepten-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | heptenal | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | heptenal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | immortelle absolute | FL/FR |
| | neryl propionate | FL/FR |
| (E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal | FL/FR |
| 2,3- | octane dione | FL |
| herbal |
| | butyl levulinate | FL/FR |
| 5- | hydroxymethyl furfural | FL |
| jammy |
| | ethyl cyclopentenolone | FL/FR |
| lactonic |
| gamma- | heptalactone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | octalactone | FL/FR |
| metallic |
| 2,5- | dihydroxy-1,4-dithiane | FL |
| milky |
| gamma- | butyrolactone | FL/FR |
| mushroom |
| 3- | octen-2-ol | FL/FR |
| 1- | octen-3-yl butyrate | FL/FR |
| musty |
| | ethyl (E)-2-crotonate | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| 3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3,5(or 6)-dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | butter pecan cake flavor | FL |
| | coffee furanone | FL/FR |
| 2,5- | diethyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL |
| 2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
| (-)-(E,R)- | filbertone | FL/FR |
| 5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| | nutty cyclohexenone | FL/FR |
| | peanut oxazole | FL |
| | tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol | FL/FR |
| phenolic |
| 4- | methyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol | FL/FR |
| powdery |
| | powdery ketone | FL |
| rummy |
| | ethyl pyruvate | FL/FR |
| sour |
| | butyric acid | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-2-pentenoic acid | FL/FR |
| spicy |
| | benzylidene acetone | FL |
| spiced | butter rum flavor | FL |
| | cinnamon butter pecan flavor | FL |
| | cinnamon nut butter rum flavor | FL |
| sweet |
| | cyclohexyl acetic acid | FL/FR |
| | honey distillates | FL |
| | vanilla butter nut flavor | FL |
| | vanilla oleoresin bali | FL/FR |
| toasted |
| | acetyl propionyl | FL/FR |
| tomato |
| | methional | FL/FR |
| vanilla |
| | ethyl vanillin | FL/FR |
| | ethyl vanillin isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| | vanillin | FL/FR |
| | vanillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | vanillyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| | allyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| iso | amyl decanoate | FL/FR |
| | butyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
| epsilon- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| | ethyl palmitate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl undecanoate | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl octanoate | FL |
| 2- | methyl heptanoic acid | FL/FR |
| | methyl laurate | FL/FR |
| 2- | nonanol | FL/FR |
| | octyl 2-furoate | FL |
| | octyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | octyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| delta- | tetradecalactone | FL/FR |
| | undecanoic acid | FL/FR |
| 2- | undecanone | FL/FR |
| winey |
| 5- | ethyl-2-methyl pyridine | FL |
| woody |
| | whiskey lactone | FL/FR |
| |
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | acetyl butyryl | | | acetyl butyryl natural | | | acetyl-N-butyryl | | | acetylbutyryl | | | butyryl acetyl | | 2,3- | hexane dione | | | hexane-2,3-dione | | 2,3- | hexanedione | | | methyl propyl diketone |
Articles:
| US Patents: | 3,952,024 - Furfurylthioacetone |
| PubMed: | NTP Research Report on Respiratory Tract Toxicity of the Flavoring Agent 2,3-Hexanedione in Mice Exposed by Inhalation: Research Report 10 |
| US Patents: | Certain 2,5-dimethyl-3-thiopyrazines |
| PubMed: | Pheromone Chemistry of the Citrus Borer, Diploschema rotundicolle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) |
| PubMed: | Chemical Reactivity and Respiratory Toxicity of the à-Diketone Flavoring Agents: 2,3-Butanedione, 2,3-Pentanedione, and 2,3-Hexanedione |
| PubMed: | Exposures and Emissions in Coffee Roasting Facilities and Caf‚s: Diacetyl, 2,3-Pentanedione, and Other Volatile Organic Compounds |
| PubMed: | Models of toxicity of diacetyl and alternative diones |
| PubMed: | Increased sensitivity of OSHA method analysis of diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione in air |
| PubMed: | Enantioselective Synthesis of Vicinal (R,R)-Diols by Saccharomyces cerevisiae Butanediol Dehydrogenase |
| PubMed: | The Male-Produced Aggregation-Sex Pheromone of the Cerambycid Beetle Plagionotus detritus ssp. detritus |
| PubMed: | Evaluation of the hypersensitivity potential of alternative butter flavorings |
| PubMed: | Probing mechanisms of axonopathy. Part II: Protein targets of 2,5-hexanedione, the neurotoxic metabolite of the aliphatic solvent n-hexane |
| PubMed: | The Role of Minor Pheromone Components in Segregating 14 Species of Longhorned Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of the Subfamily Cerambycinae |
| PubMed: | Identification and measurement of diacetyl substitutes in dry bakery mix production |
| PubMed: | Synthesis, characterization, powder X-ray diffraction analysis, thermal stability, antioxidant properties and enzyme inhibitions of M(II)-Schiff base ligand complexes |
| PubMed: | Apoptotic and necrotic effects of hexanedione derivatives on the human neuroblastoma line SK-N-SH |
| PubMed: | Potent inhibition of human carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) by the prenylated chalconoid xanthohumol and its related prenylflavonoids isoxanthohumol and 8-prenylnaringenin |
| PubMed: | Formaldehyde, glyoxal, urethane, methyl carbamate, 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-hexanedione, ethyl acrylate, dibromoacetonitrile and 2-hydroxypropionitrile induce chromosome loss in Saccharomyces cerevis |
| PubMed: | Physiological and oral parameters contribute prediction of retronasal aroma release in an elderly cohort |
| PubMed: | Occupational exposures of flour dust and airborne chemicals at bakeries in Taiwan |
| PubMed: | Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzo[e][1,2,4]triazin-7(1H)-one and [1,2,4]-triazino[5,6,1-jk]carbazol-6-one derivatives as dual inhibitors of beta-amyloid aggregation and acetyl/ |
| PubMed: | Inhibition of the reconstituted mitochondrial oxoglutarate carrier by arginine-specific reagents |
| PubMed: | A comparison of the apoptotic and cytotoxic effects of hexanedione derivatives on human non-neuronal lines and the neuroblastoma line SH-SY5Y |
| PubMed: | A multi-technique analytical approach for impurity profiling during synthesis: The case of difluprednate |
| PubMed: | Evaluation of four à-diketones for toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) activation in a human transfected cell line |
| PubMed: | Characterization of a newly isolated strain Comamonas sp. ZF-3 involved in typical organics degradation in coking wastewater |
| PubMed: | (R)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one is a major pheromone component of Anelaphus inflaticollis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) |
| PubMed: | Application of gas-diffusion microextraction to solid samples using the chromatographic determination of à-diketones in bread as a case study |
| PubMed: | Carbonyl reductases from Daphnia are regulated by redox cycling compounds |
| PubMed: | Sampling and Analytical Method for Alpha-Dicarbonyl Flavoring Compounds via Derivatization with o-Phenylenediamine and Analysis Using GC-NPD |
| PubMed: | S-nitrosoglutathione covalently modifies cysteine residues of human carbonyl reductase 1 and affects its activity |
| PubMed: | Airway injury in an in vitro human epithelium-fibroblast model of diacetyl vapor exposure: diacetyl-induced basal/suprabasal spongiosis |
| PubMed: | Purification, characterization, and gene cloning of glycerol dehydrogenase from Hansenula ofunaensis, and its expression for production of optically active diol |
| PubMed: | Molecular mechanism of hexane neuropathy: significant differences in pharmacokinetics between 2.3-, 2.4-, and 2.5-hexanedione |
| PubMed: | Major differences exist in the function and tissue-specific expression of human aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase and the principal human aldo-keto reductase AKR1 family members |
| PubMed: | Stereoselective oxidation of aliphatic diols and reduction of hydroxy-ketones with galactitol dehydrogenase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides D |
| PubMed: | Adiponectin enhances the responsiveness of the olfactory system |
| PubMed: | Rapid and sensitive determination of the intermediates of advanced glycation end products in the human nail by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization time-of-flight |
| PubMed: | Male-produced aggregation pheromone of the cerambycid beetle Neoclytus acuminatus acuminatus |
| PubMed: | Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 3-hydroxyimino-5-methyl-2-hexanone(HIMH) and its dioxime derivative |
| PubMed: | Antimicrobial effect of Cu(II) complexes containing oxime ligands |
| PubMed: | Multi-capillary column-ion mobility spectrometry of volatile metabolites emitted by Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| PubMed: | Key aroma compounds and metabolic profiling of Debaryomyces hansenii L1-1-fermented Flos Sophorae |
| PubMed: | The kinetic method as a structural diagnostic tool: ionized alpha-diketones as loosely one-electron bonded diacylium ion dimers |
| PubMed: | Mass, IR, electronic and EPR spectral studies on transition metal complexes with a new tetradentate 12-membered new macrocyclic ligand |
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