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Category: flavoring agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 97.00 to 100.00 %
|
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Specific Gravity: | 0.97700 to 0.98400 @ 25.00 °C.
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| Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 8.130 to 8.188
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| Refractive Index: | 1.49200 to 1.49800 @ 20.00 °C.
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| Boiling Point: | 190.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Vapor Pressure: | 0.850000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point: | 159.00 °F. TCC ( 70.56 °C. )
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| logP (o/w): | 1.626 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water | | | water, 1901 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
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| Odor Type: roasted |
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| | green coffee nutty earthy |
Odor Description: at 0.10 % in dipropylene glycol. | green coffee nutty earthy |
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| |
| Flavor Type: green |
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| | green |
Taste Description:
| green |
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| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | flavoring agents |
| Recommendation for 2-methyl-5-isopropyl pyrazine usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.024 (μg/capita/day) |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 0.40 (μg/capita/day) |
| Structure Class: | II |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 11 |
| Click here to view publication 11 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | - | 4.00000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 4.00000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | - | - |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | - | - |
| frozen dairy: | - | 4.00000 |
| fruit ices: | - | - |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | 4.00000 |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | - | - |
| hard candy: | - | - |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | - |
| meat products: | - | - |
| milk products: | - | - |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | - | - |
| poultry: | - | - |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
| snack foods: | - | - |
| soft candy: | - | 4.00000 |
| soups: | - | - |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
| Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) reference(s): |
| The FEMA GRAS assessment of pyrazine derivatives used as flavor ingredients. View pdf |
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 17 (FGE.17): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 50 (FGE.50): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17 (2005) (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 1 (FGE.17Rev1): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) [1] View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 2 (FGE.17Rev2): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 50, Revision 1 (FGE.50Rev1): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17Rev2 (2010) View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: | View |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 13925-05-8 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 61700 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| | 2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylpyrazine |
| Chemidplus: | 0013925058 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
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| For Odor |
| No odor group found for these |
| | sulfuryl octanoate | FL/FR |
|
| | sulfuryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl decanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl propionate | FL/FR |
| | valeraldehyde dibutyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| | methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
| balsamic |
| 2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| | propyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| buttery |
| | acetyl propionyl | FL/FR |
| 3,4- | hexane dione | FL/FR |
| camphoreous |
| | bornyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | coffee dione | FL/FR |
| | cyclotene | FL/FR |
| | ethyl 2-hydroxy-2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | fenugreek oleoresin | FL/FR |
| chocolate |
| | chocolate pyrazine A | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,4,5- | trimethyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| cocoa |
| 2- | methyl butyraldehyde | FL/FR |
| coconut |
| alpha- | angelica lactone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | heptalactone | FL/FR |
| coffee |
| | coffee difuran | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl mercaptan | FL/FR |
| 1- | hydroxy-2-butanone | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
| coumarinic |
| | coumane | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| fatty |
| | coconut absolute | FL/FR |
| fermented |
| | valeraldehyde | FL/FR |
| floral |
| para- | cresyl laurate | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| iso | amyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| | methyl valerate | FL/FR |
| 3- | methyl-2-butenal | FL/FR |
| | geranium thiazole | FL/FR |
| 2- | heptyl furan | FL/FR |
| | tiglaldehyde | FL/FR |
| herbal |
| | wormwood oil america | FL/FR |
| medicinal |
| 2,6- | xylenol | FL/FR |
| musty |
| 2- | acetyl pyrrole | FL/FR |
| 3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan | FL/FR |
| | hazelnut pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | menthofuran | FL/FR |
| naphthyl |
| ortho- | methyl anisole | FL/FR |
| para- | methyl anisole | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 3- | acetyl pyridine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3-ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3,5-dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-5-methyl furan | FL/FR |
| 3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3,6- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| | filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
| | filbert pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-3-(methyl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-3-ethoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-3-propyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | nutty cyclohexenone | FL/FR |
| | nutty quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| | sesame absolute | FL/FR |
| | shoyu pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,3,5,6- | tetramethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,3,5- | trimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | vinyl sulfurol | FL/FR |
| popcorn |
| 2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| roasted |
| 2- | acetyl-2-pyrroline | |
| spicy |
| 3-(2- | furyl) acrolein | FL/FR |
| sulfurous |
| | benzothiazole | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
| S- | furfuryl thioformate | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan | FL/FR |
| tonka |
| | whiskey lactone | FL/FR |
| vegetable |
| 1- | furfuryl pyrrole | FL/FR |
| | mesityl oxide | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| 2- | tridecanone | FL/FR |
| woody |
| | sandalwood oil | FL/FR |
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| For Flavor |
| |
| No flavor group found for these |
| | acetyl acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL |
| 2- | acetyl-2-pyrroline | |
| 2- | acetyl-6-methyl pyrazine | FL |
| | bornyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | chocolate pyrazine A | FL/FR |
| | coumane | FL/FR |
| | cyclohexyl methyl pyrazine | FL |
| 2,5- | diethyl thiazole | FL |
| 2,5- | diethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL |
| 6,7- | dihydro-2,3-dimethyl-5H-cyclopentapyrazine | FL |
| | dimethyl dihydrocyclopentapyrazine | FL |
| 6,7- | dimethyl dihydrocyclopentapyrazine | FL |
| 2,5- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
| 2,5- | dimethyl-3-thiofuroyl furan | FL |
| | ethyl 2-hydroxy-2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| (Z+E)-5- | ethyl-4-methyl-2-(2-butyl) thiazoline | FL |
| (Z+E)-5- | ethyl-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl propyl) thiazoline | FL |
| 3-(2- | furyl) acrolein | FL/FR |
| (E,E)-2,4- | heptadien-1-ol | FL |
| 2- | hexyl-5 or 6-keto-1,4-dioxane | FL |
| 2- | methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-3-(methyl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-3-ethoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| | peanut dithiazine | FL |
| 2- | propyl pyridine | FL |
| para- | salicylic acid | FL |
| | sulfuryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl decanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
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| 5- | acetyl-2,3-dihydro-1,4-thiazine | FL |
| | sulfuryl formate | FL |
| | sulfuryl octanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl propionate | FL/FR |
| | valeraldehyde dibutyl acetal | FL/FR |
| alliaceous |
| | benzyl mercaptan | FL |
| | dicyclohexyl disulfide | FL |
| 2- | methyl thioacetaldehyde | FL |
| bready |
| 2- | propionyl thiazole | FL |
| brown |
| | fenugreek oleoresin | FL/FR |
| 1- | hydroxy-2-butanone | FL/FR |
| burnt |
| | furfuryl alcohol | FL |
| 2- | methyl quinoxaline | FL |
| 2,6- | xylenol | FL/FR |
| buttery |
| 3,4- | hexane dione | FL/FR |
| camphoreous |
| ortho- | methyl anisole | FL/FR |
| caramellic |
| | caramel furanone | FL |
| | cyclotene | FL/FR |
| coffee |
| | coffee difuran | FL/FR |
| | coffee dione | FL/FR |
| | coffee pyrazine | FL |
| | difurfuryl ether | FL |
| | diisoamyl thiomalate | FL |
| 2,4- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
| 2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl mercaptan | FL/FR |
| | methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
| | methyl furfuryl thiol | FL |
| 2-iso | propyl pyrazine | FL |
| 2- | thiophene thiol | FL |
| corn chip |
| 2- | acetyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-2-thiazoline | FL |
| creamy |
| alpha- | angelica lactone | FL/FR |
| earthy |
| | difurfuryl sulfide | FL |
| 2- | methyl-3-propyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| fatty |
| | coconut absolute | FL/FR |
| 2- | heptyl furan | FL/FR |
| (E,E)-2,4- | nonadienal | FL |
| 2- | tridecanone | FL/FR |
| fishy |
| 4,5- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
| fruity |
| | furfuryl propionate | FL |
| 2,4- | hexadien-1-ol | FL |
| | methyl valerate | FL/FR |
| 3- | methyl-2-butenal | FL/FR |
| | propyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| | tiglaldehyde | FL/FR |
| fusel |
| 2- | methyl butyraldehyde | FL/FR |
| green |
| | dihydroxyacetophenone (mixed isomers) | FL |
| 2,5- | dimethyl thiophene | FL |
| | geranium thiazole | FL/FR |
| 4- | methyl thiazole | FL |
| green | pepper distillates | FL |
| 2- | vinyl pyrazine | FL |
| herbal |
| | wormwood oil america | FL/FR |
| lactonic |
| gamma- | heptalactone | FL/FR |
| meaty |
| | benzothiazole | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl 3-(methyl thio) furan | FL |
| mustard |
| | furfuryl methyl ether | FL |
| musty |
| | hazelnut pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | menthofuran | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan | FL/FR |
| | shoyu pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,3,5- | trimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| naphthyl |
| para- | methyl anisole | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| 3- | acetyl pyridine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl pyrrole | FL/FR |
| 3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3-ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3,5-dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-5-methyl furan | FL/FR |
| 3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3,5(6)- | cocoa pyrazine | FL |
| 3,6- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3,5- | diethyl-2-methyl pyrazine | FL |
| 2,5- | diethyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL |
| 2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline | FL/FR |
| 2,4- | dimethyl-5-vinyl thiazole | FL |
| 2- | ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 1- | ethyl-2-acetyl pyrrole | FL |
| | filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
| | filbert pyrazine | FL/FR |
| european | hazelnut oleoresin | FL |
| 2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | nutty cyclohexenone | FL/FR |
| | nutty quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| | nutty thiazole | FL |
| | peanut oxazole | FL |
| | sesame absolute | FL/FR |
| 2,3,5,6- | tetramethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,4,5- | trimethyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| | vinyl sulfurol | FL/FR |
| onion |
| | furfuryl isopropyl sulfide | FL |
| popcorn |
| 2- | propionyl-2-thiazoline | FL |
| potato |
| | mesityl oxide | FL/FR |
| roasted |
| 2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | ethyl 3-(furfuryl thio) propionate | FL |
| | furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
| sulfurous |
| | butyl mercaptan | FL |
| | ethyl methyl sulfide | FL |
| S- | ethyl thioacetate | FL |
| S- | furfuryl thioformate | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl thiopropionate | FL |
| 2- | methyl thiophene | FL |
| 2- | thienyl mercaptan | FL |
| toasted |
| | acetyl propionyl | FL/FR |
| vegetable |
| 1- | furfuryl pyrrole | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| para- | cresyl laurate | FL/FR |
| winey |
| iso | amyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| 5- | ethyl-2-methyl pyridine | FL |
| | valeraldehyde | FL/FR |
| woody |
| | sandalwood oil | FL/FR |
| | whiskey lactone | FL/FR |
| |
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| 2- | methyl-5-(1-methyl ethyl) pyrazine | | 2- | methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)pyrazine | | 2- | methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)pyrazine | | 2- | methyl-5-isopropylpyrazine | | 2- | methyl-5-propan-2-yl pyrazine | | 2- | methyl-5-propan-2-ylpyrazine | | 5-iso | propyl-2-methyl pyrazine | | 5-iso | propyl-2-methylpyrazine | | 2-iso | propyl-5-methyl pyrazine | | 2-iso | propyl-5-methylpyrazine | | | pyrazine, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl- | | | pyrazine, 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)- |
Articles:
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