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Category: flavoring agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | colorless to yellow clear liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 97.00 to 100.00 %
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Specific Gravity: | 1.50600 to 1.51200 @ 25.00 °C.
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| Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 12.531 to 12.581
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| Refractive Index: | 1.13800 to 1.14400 @ 20.00 °C.
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| Boiling Point: | 101.00 °C. @ 2.00 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 88.00 to 89.00 °C. @ 1.00 mm Hg
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| Acid Value: | 1.00 max. KOH/g
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| Vapor Pressure: | 0.109000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point: | 222.00 °F. TCC ( 105.56 °C. )
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| logP (o/w): | 1.797 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, 711.3 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
| Insoluble in: |
| | water |
Organoleptic Properties:
| |
| Odor Type: coffee |
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| | coffee nutty earthy |
Odor Description: at 0.10 % in propylene glycol. | coffee nutty earthy |
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| |
| Flavor Type: coffee |
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| | coffee mushroom |
Taste Description:
| coffee mushroom-like |
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| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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| Taytonn ASCC |
| Difurfuryl Ether |
| Odor Description: | Coffee, Earthy, Mushroom |
| Taste Description: | coffee |
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| |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | Xi - Irritant |
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 210 mg/kg GASTROINTESTINAL: ULCERATION OR BLEEDING FROM DUODENUM
GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA"
GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B. Vol. 1, Pg. 93, 1990.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | flavoring agents |
| Recommendation for difurfuryl ether usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.12 (μg/capita/day) |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 0.09 (μg/capita/day) |
| Structure Class: | II |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 6 |
| Click here to view publication 6 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | - | 1.00000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | - |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | - | - |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | - | - |
| frozen dairy: | - | - |
| fruit ices: | - | - |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | - | 1.00000 |
| hard candy: | - | - |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | - |
| meat products: | - | 1.00000 |
| milk products: | - | - |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | - | - |
| poultry: | - | - |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
| snack foods: | - | - |
| soft candy: | - | - |
| soups: | - | 1.00000 |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 67 (FGE.67): Consideration of 40 furan-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and related esters, sulfides, disulfides and ethers evaluated by JECFA at the 65th meeting (JECFA, 2006b) and re-evaluated at the 69th meeting (JECFA, 2009c) View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67, Revision 1 (FGE.67Rev.1): Consideration of 40 furan-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and related esters, sulfides, disulfides and ethers evaluated by JECFA at the 65th meeting (JECFA, 2006b) and re-evaluated at the 69th meeting (JECFA, 2009c) View page or View pdf |
Statement on List of Representative Substances for Testing.
The current Statement lays down a list of substances in sub-groups with representative substances for which additional data are required prior to their evaluation through the Procedure (Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000). View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67 Revision 2 (FGE.67Rev2): Consideration of 28 furan-substituted compounds evaluated by JECFA at the 55th, 65th and 69th meetings (JECFA, 2001, 2006a, 2009b) View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 67, Revision 3 (FGE.67Rev3): consideration of 23 furan-substituted compounds evaluated by JECFA at the 55th, 65th, 69th and 86th meetings View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: | View |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 4437-22-3 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 263034 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WGK Germany: | 3 |
| | 2-(furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)furan |
| Chemidplus: | 0004437223 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
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| For Odor |
| No odor group found for these |
| | sulfuryl octanoate | FL/FR |
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| | sulfuryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl decanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl propionate | FL/FR |
| | methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
| balsamic |
| 2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| (E)- | benzyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| | coffee dione | FL/FR |
| | cyclotene | FL/FR |
| | fenugreek absolute | FL/FR |
| | fenugreek oleoresin | FL/FR |
| iso | propenyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| chocolate |
| | cocoa hexenal | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,4,5- | trimethyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| cocoa |
| 2- | methyl butyraldehyde | FL/FR |
| coffee |
| | cichorium intybus root extract | FL/FR |
| | cichorium intybus root solid extract | FL/FR |
| | coffea arabica seed extract | FL/FR |
| roasted | coffea arabica seed extract | FL/FR |
| | coffea arabica seed oil | FL/FR |
| | coffee absolute | FL/FR |
| arabica | coffee bean butter | FL/FR |
| roasted arabica | coffee bean essence | FL/FR |
| roasted | coffee bean extract | FL/FR |
| roasted arabica | coffee bean oil | FL/FR |
| roasted arabica | coffee bean oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| | coffee bean oil extract | FL/FR |
| | coffee difuran | FL/FR |
| | coffee resinoid | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl mercaptan | FL/FR |
| 1- | hydroxy-2-butanone | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
| earthy |
| | benzyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| | dibenzyl ether | FL/FR |
| 1- | nonen-3-ol | FL/FR |
| | nutty pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3- | octanol | FL/FR |
| 1- | octen-3-ol | FL/FR |
| | octyl acetate | FL/FR |
| 2- | phenyl propionaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | tropical thiazole | FL/FR |
| | geranium thiazole | FL/FR |
| 2- | heptyl furan | FL/FR |
| | phenyl acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | thymyl methyl ether | FL/FR |
| medicinal |
| 2,6- | xylenol | FL/FR |
| musty |
| 3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan | FL/FR |
| | hazelnut pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | menthofuran | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 2- | acetyl-3-ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3,6- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| | filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
| 5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | nutty quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| 2,3,5,6- | tetramethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| popcorn |
| 2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| roasted |
| 2- | acetyl-2-pyrroline | |
| sulfurous |
| | benzothiazole | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
| S- | furfuryl thioformate | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan | FL/FR |
| O- | methyl S-1-methoxyhexan-3-yl carbonothioate | FL/FR |
| vegetable |
| 1- | furfuryl pyrrole | FL/FR |
| | mesityl oxide | FL/FR |
| | tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol | FL/FR |
| 2- | tridecanone | FL/FR |
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| For Flavor |
| |
| No flavor group found for these |
| 2- | acetyl-2-pyrroline | |
| | benzyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| 6,7- | dihydro-2,3-dimethyl-5H-cyclopentapyrazine | FL |
| | dimethyl dihydrocyclopentapyrazine | FL |
| 6,7- | dimethyl dihydrocyclopentapyrazine | FL |
| 2,5- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
| 2,5- | dimethyl-3-thiofuroyl furan | FL |
| | furfural diethyl acetal | FL |
| tris( | methyl thio) methane | FL |
| 2- | methyl-3-,5 or 6-(furfuryl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 1,5- | octadien-3-ol | FL |
| | sulfuryl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl decanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
|
| | sulfuryl formate | FL |
| | sulfuryl octanoate | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl propionate | FL/FR |
| absinthe |
| | absinthe flavor | FL |
| alliaceous |
| | benzyl mercaptan | FL |
| | dicyclohexyl disulfide | FL |
| | tropical thiazole | FL/FR |
| balsamic |
| (E)- | benzyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| brown |
| | fenugreek oleoresin | FL/FR |
| 1- | hydroxy-2-butanone | FL/FR |
| burnt |
| | furfuryl alcohol | FL |
| 1-(2- | furfuryl thio) propanone | FL |
| 2- | methyl quinoxaline | FL |
| iso | propenyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | xylenol | FL/FR |
| caramellic |
| | caramel furanone | FL |
| | cyclotene | FL/FR |
| | fenugreek absolute | FL/FR |
| chocolate |
| | mocha cream flavor | FL |
| cocoa |
| | cocoa hexenal | FL/FR |
| coffee |
| | cappuccino flavor | FL |
| | chicory flavor | FL |
| | chicory root distillates | FL |
| | chicory root essence | FL |
| roasted | chicory root oil | FL |
| | chicory tincture | FL |
| | cichorium intybus root extract | FL/FR |
| | cichorium intybus root solid extract | FL/FR |
| | coffea arabica seed extract | FL/FR |
| roasted | coffea arabica seed extract | FL/FR |
| | coffea arabica seed oil | FL/FR |
| | coffea canephora seed extract | FL |
| | coffee absolute | FL/FR |
| arabica | coffee bean butter | FL/FR |
| roasted | coffee bean concentrate | FL |
| roasted robusta | coffee bean essence | FL |
| roasted arabica | coffee bean essence | FL/FR |
| roasted | coffee bean essence | FL |
| dried roasted | coffee bean extract | FL |
| roasted robusta | coffee bean extract | FL |
| roasted | coffee bean extract | FL/FR |
| roasted arabica | coffee bean oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| | coffee bean oil extract | FL/FR |
| | coffee creme brulee flavor | FL |
| | coffee difuran | FL/FR |
| | coffee dione | FL/FR |
| | coffee distillates | FL |
| espresso | coffee distillates | FL |
| | coffee enhancers | FL |
| espresso | coffee essence | FL |
| espresso | coffee extract | FL |
| | coffee flavor | FL |
| irish | coffee flavor | FL |
| dark roast | coffee flavor | FL |
| espresso | coffee flavor | FL |
| | coffee liqueur flavor | FL |
| | coffee pyrazine | FL |
| | coffee resinoid | FL/FR |
| | coffee royale flavor | FL |
| | diisoamyl thiomalate | FL |
| 2,4- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
| 2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl mercaptan | FL/FR |
| | methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
| | methyl furfuryl mercaptopropionate | FL |
| 2- | methyl-5-vinyl pyrazine | FL |
| 2-iso | propyl pyrazine | FL |
| 2- | thiophene thiol | FL |
| creamy |
| | acetyl ethyl carbinol | FL |
| dairy |
| | creme brulle coffee flavor | FL |
| earthy |
| | difurfuryl sulfide | FL |
| 1- | nonen-3-ol | FL/FR |
| 1,8- | octane dithiol | FL |
| 2- | thienyl disulfide | FL |
| fatty |
| 2- | heptyl furan | FL/FR |
| 2- | tridecanone | FL/FR |
| fishy |
| 4,5- | dimethyl thiazole | FL |
| fruity |
| | dibenzyl ether | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl propionate | FL |
| 2- | phenyl propionaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| fusel |
| 2- | methyl butyraldehyde | FL/FR |
| green |
| | dihydroxyacetophenone (mixed isomers) | FL |
| 3,4- | dimethoxystyrene | FL |
| | geranium thiazole | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-5-isopropyl pyrazine | FL |
| | phenyl acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| meaty |
| | benzothiazole | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3- | mercapto-2-butanone | FL |
| 2- | methyl 3-(methyl thio) furan | FL |
| mushroom |
| 1- | octen-3-ol | FL/FR |
| mustard |
| | furfuryl methyl ether | FL |
| musty |
| 2- | ethoxythiazole | FL |
| | hazelnut pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | menthofuran | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl 5-(methyl thio) furan | FL/FR |
| 3- | octanol | FL/FR |
| | thymyl methyl ether | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| 3- | acetyl-2,5-dimethyl furan | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3-ethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3,6- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3,5- | cocoa pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3,5(6)- | cocoa pyrazine | FL |
| 2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 4,5- | dimethyl-2-ethyl-3-thiazoline | FL/FR |
| | filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
| 5- | methyl quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl thio-3,5 or 6-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | nutty pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | nutty quinoxaline | FL/FR |
| | nutty thiazole | FL |
| | tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol | FL/FR |
| 2,3,5,6- | tetramethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,4,5- | trimethyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| onion |
| | furfuryl isopropyl sulfide | FL |
| popcorn |
| 2- | propionyl-2-thiazoline | FL |
| potato |
| | mesityl oxide | FL/FR |
| roasted |
| 2- | acetyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| roasted arabica | coffee bean oil | FL/FR |
| | ethyl 3-(furfuryl thio) propionate | FL |
| | furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
| O- | methyl S-1-methoxyhexan-3-yl carbonothioate | FL/FR |
| spicy |
| | cinnamon hazelnut cappuccino flavor | FL |
| sulfurous |
| | butyl mercaptan | FL |
| | ethyl methyl sulfide | FL |
| S- | furfuryl thioformate | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl thiopropionate | FL |
| 3- | methyl-2-butane thiol | FL |
| 2- | thienyl mercaptan | FL |
| vegetable |
| 1- | furfuryl pyrrole | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| | octyl 2-furoate | FL |
| | octyl acetate | FL/FR |
| |
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| 2,2'- | difurfuryl ether | | 2,2'-(oxy | dimethanediyl)difuran | | 2,2'-(oxy | dimethylene) difuran | | 2,2'-(oxy | dimethylene)difuran | | 2-( | furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl) furan | | 2-( | furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)furan | | | furan, 2,2'-(oxydimethylene)di- | | | furan, 2,2'-[oxybis(methylene)]bis- | | | furan, 2,2prime-(oxybis(methylene))bis- | | | furfuryl ether | | 2,2'-(oxybis( | methylene)) bisfuran | | 2,2'-(oxybis( | methylene))bisfuran | | 2,2'-[oxybis( | methylene)]bisfuran | | 2,2'-[oxybis( | methylene)]difuran |
Articles:
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