|
Category: fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | colorless clear viscous liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 98.00 to 100.00 %
|
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Boiling Point: | 326.30 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
|
| Vapor Pressure: | 0.000414 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point: | > 212.00 °F. TCC ( > 100.00 °C. )
|
| logP (o/w): | 5.300 |
| Shelf Life: | 36.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly. |
| Storage: | store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | dipropylene glycol | | | paraffin oil | | | water, 0.1943 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
| Insoluble in: |
| | water |
Organoleptic Properties:
| |
| Odor Type: musk |
| |
| Odor Strength: | medium |
| |
| Substantivity: | 400 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
| |
| | sweet floral musk |
Odor Description: at 100.00 %. | strong diffusive sweet floral musk |
| |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
| |
| IFF |
| Galaxolide® Undiluted |
| Odor Description: | A clean, powerful and versatile iso-chroman musk having exceptional persistence and a superb fragrance quality approaching the tone of macrocyclic musks |
| |
| |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
| Agan Aroma and Fine Chemicals |
| Astromusk Concentrate
Odor: Powerful, clean, Persistent Musk |
| Anhui Primechem |
| Galaxolide
|
| Associate Allied Chemicals |
| Galaxolide Neat
|
| About |
| Augustus Oils |
| Galaxolide 100%
|
| Services |
| Azelis UK |
| GALAXOLIDE UNDILUTED
|
| Beijing Lys Chemicals |
| Galaxolide
|
| Creatingperfume.com |
| Galaxolide (IFF)
|
| ECSA Chemicals |
| MUSK G PURE
|
| ECSA TRADE THE MOST UPDATED FINANCIAL PUBLICATION ON THE WORLD OF CHEMISTRY |
| Ernesto Ventós |
| GALAXOLIDE UNDILUTED IFF
Odor: POWERFUL, CLEAN MUSK |
| Ernesto Ventós |
| MUSK G
|
| Fine Fragrances Pvt Ltd |
| Galaxolide Pure
|
| IFF |
| Galaxolide® Undiluted
Odor: A clean, powerful and versatile iso-chroman musk having exceptional persistence and a superb fragrance quality approaching the tone of macrocyclic musks |
| Indenta Group |
| Galaxolide
|
| Indukern F&F |
| GALAXOLIDE PURE
Odor: MUSK, SWEET, FLORAL |
| Jiangyin Healthway |
| Galaxolide
|
| New functional food ingredients |
| K.L. Koh Enterprise |
| MUSK G PURE
|
| Kun Shan P&A |
| Galaxolide Undiluted
|
| Lluch Essence |
| ASTROLIDE PURE
|
| M&U International |
| Abbalide
|
| M&U International |
| Galaxolide PURE
|
| M&U International |
| Galaxolide Undiluted
|
| Moellhausen |
| MUSK S PURE
|
| OQEMA |
| Musk Concentrate
|
| PCW France |
| Musc pure
|
| Steps to a fragranced product |
| Penta International |
| GALAXOLIDE PURE
|
| PerfumersWorld |
| Galaxolide
Odor: strong diffusive sweet floral musk powerful clean Use: Blends-well-with - +Decanal Topnote Pusher +Cyclamen Aldehyde +Nonanal Topnote Pusher +Lilial +Benzyl Salicylate Balsams |
| Phoenix Aromas & Essential Oils |
| Musk G
|
| Reincke & Fichtner |
| Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopyran
|
| SRS Aromatics |
| MUSK G (PURE)
|
| The John D. Walsh Company |
| Galaxolide NEAT
|
| The Lermond Company |
| MUSK G NEAT
|
| Vigon International |
| Musk G Neat
Odor: PERSISTENT, POWERFUL MUSK |
| Zanos |
| Astromusk Concentrate
Odor: Powerful, clean, , persistent musk |
Safety Information:
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | Xi N - Irritant, Dangerous for the environment. |
R 38 - Irritating to skin. R 50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 24 - Avoid contact with skin. S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S 61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet.
|
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
Acute aquatic toxicity (Category 1), H400 Chronic aquatic toxicity (Category 1), H410
|
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram |  |
| |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statement(s) |
H400 - Very toxic to aquatic life H410 - Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
|
| Precautionary statement(s) |
P273 - Avoid release to the environment. P391 - Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment P501 - Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste disposal plant.
|
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LDLo 3250 mg/kg Deutsche Lebensmittel - Rundschau. Vol. 94, Pg. 268, 1998.
|
| Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rabbit LD > 3250 mg/kg Deutsche Lebensmittel - Rundschau. Vol. 94, Pg. 268, 1998.
skin-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Deutsche Lebensmittel - Rundschau. Vol. 94, Pg. 268, 1998.
|
| Inhalation Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
Safety References:
| EPI System: | View |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: | Search |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 1222-05-5 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 91497 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| SCCNFP: | opinion |
| WGK Germany: | 2 |
| | 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta(g)-2-benzopyran |
| Chemidplus: | 0001222055 |
References:
| Leffingwell: | Chirality or Article |
| | 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta(g)-2-benzopyran |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 1222-05-5 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 91497 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 135049029 |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
| |
| For Odor |
| No odor group found for these |
| | satinaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | dihydrocivetone | FR |
| aldehydic |
| | decanal (aldehyde C-10) | FL/FR |
| | dodecanal (aldehyde C-12 lauric) | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl undecanal (aldehyde C-12 mna) | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl undecanal dimethyl acetal | FR |
| | nonanal (aldehyde C-9) | FL/FR |
| 10- | undecenal (aldehyde C-11 undecylenic) | FL/FR |
| amber |
| | acetoxymethyl isolongifolene | FR |
| | amber acetate | FR |
| | amber butanol | FR |
| | amber carane | FR |
| | amber cyclohexanol | FR |
| | amber decane | FR |
| | amber furan | FR |
| | amber naphthofuran | FL/FR |
| | amber oxepin | FR |
| | amber spirolene | FR |
| | ambergris naphthol | FR |
| | ambrein | FR |
| | ambrette seed absolute | FL/FR |
| | ambrette seed oil | FL/FR |
| alpha- | ambrinol | FL/FR |
| | ambrinol | FR |
| | ambroxan | FL/FR |
| | ambroxide | FL/FR |
| | angelica root oil | FL/FR |
| | angelica seed oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| | cistus ladaniferus absolute resin | FL/FR |
| | cistus ladaniferus resin | FR |
| | cistus twig/leaf concrete | FR |
| | formoxymethyl isolongifolene | FR |
| | hydroxymethyl isolongifolene 50% in dpg | FR |
| | labdanum absolute | FL/FR |
| | labdanum oil | FL/FR |
| | muscomer | FR |
| animal |
| | animal carbolactone | FR |
| iso | butyl quinoline | FR |
| | costus valerolactone | FR |
| para- | cresyl caprylate | FL/FR |
| para- | cresyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| anisic |
| para- | anisaldehyde | FL/FR |
| aromatic |
| (4E,9Z)-13- | methyloxacyclopentadeca-4,9-dien-2-one | FR |
| balsamic |
| 2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| iso | amyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| | amyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| iso | amyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | amyris wood oil | FL/FR |
| siam | benzoin resinoid | FL/FR |
| | benzophenone | FR |
| | benzyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| iso | bornyl acetate | FL/FR |
| laevo- | bornyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | brachyleana hutchinsii wood oil | FR |
| | butyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| iso | butyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | cinnamyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | cistus leaf oil | FR |
| | clover nitrile | FR |
| | cypress absolute | FR |
| | ethyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | fir balsam absolute | FR |
| | fir needle oil siberia | FL/FR |
| | geranyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| | juniper berry concrete | FR |
| | linalyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | mastic gum resin | FR |
| | methyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | myrrh oil | FL/FR |
| | opoponax absolute (commiphora erythraea var. glabrescens engle) | FL/FR |
| | opoponax resin (commiphora erythraea var. glabrescens engler) | FL/FR |
| | opoponax resinoid (commiphora erythraea var. glabrescens engle) | FR |
| 3- | phenyl propyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| iso | propyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | propyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | sclareol | FL/FR |
| | styrax resin (liquidambar styraciflua) | FL/FR |
| | styrax resinoid (liquidambar styraciflua) | FL/FR |
| | tolu balsam | FL/FR |
| berry |
| | raspberry ketone | FL/FR |
| | raspberry ketone acetate | FL/FR |
| | raspberry ketone methyl ether | FL/FR |
| | ethyl maltol | FL/FR |
| | immortelle absolute | FL/FR |
| | propyl pyruvate | FL/FR |
| chocolate |
| iso | butyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| citrus |
| | bergamot oil | FL/FR |
| | grapefruit pentanol | FR |
| 2- | heptanol | FL/FR |
| blood | orange oil italy | FL/FR |
| | tetrahydromyrcenol | FR |
| coconut |
| gamma- | heptalactone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| gamma- | octalactone | FL/FR |
| earthy |
| | muscogene | FR |
| fatty |
| | decanol | FL/FR |
| delta- | juniper lactone | FL/FR |
| | undecanal propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| floral |
| | acetyl tetralin | FR |
| | amyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| alpha- | amyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| iso | amyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | bois de rose oil brazil | FL/FR |
| | boronia butenal | FR |
| iso | butyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| | citronellol | FL/FR |
| | coriander seed oil | FL/FR |
| | cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
| | cyclohexyl ethyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| 9- | decen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| | dimethyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| | dimethyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
| | dimethyl benzyl carbinyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | dimethyl benzyl carbinyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | floral pyranol | FR |
| | gardenia oxide | FR |
| | geraniol | FL/FR |
| | heliotropin | FL/FR |
| | heliotropyl acetone | FL/FR |
| | heliotropyl diethyl acetal | FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl salicylate | FL/FR |
| alpha- | hexyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | ho leaf oil | FR |
| | hyacinth ether | FR |
| | hydroxycitronellal | FL/FR |
| | leerall | FR |
| | lilac specialty | FR |
| | lilyall | FR |
| | linalool | FL/FR |
| laevo- | linalool | FL/FR |
| | linalool oxide | FL/FR |
| para- | methyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
| | methyl dihydrojasmonate | FL/FR |
| | mimosa absolute france | FL/FR |
| | muguet carboxaldehyde | FR |
| | musk acetate | FR |
| | nerol | FL/FR |
| | ocean propanal | FL/FR |
| bitter | orangeflower concrete morocco | FR |
| | orris pyridine 25% IPM | FR |
| | phenethyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl lactate | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl propionate | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| | phenyl acetaldehyde 2,3-butylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | phenyl-1(2)-propene-1-yl acetate | FR |
| | rhodinol | FL/FR |
| | rose butanoate | FL/FR |
| | tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
| | tuberose absolute (from concrete) | FL/FR |
| | tuberose absolute (from pommade) | FL/FR |
| | violet methyl carbonate | FR |
| fruity |
| | allyl amyl glycolate | FR |
| | allyl isononylate | FR |
| | benzyl propionate | FL/FR |
| iso | butyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| | cyclohexyl crotonate | FR |
| gamma- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| | green acetate | FR |
| gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| green |
| | diphenyl oxide | FL/FR |
| | galbanum oil | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl benzoate | FL/FR |
| | hexoxyacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FR |
| | octyl oxyacetaldehyde | FR |
| | phenyl acetaldehyde | FL/FR |
| 3- | phenyl propionaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | valerian rhizome oil CO2 extract china | FL/FR |
| | violet leaf absolute | FL/FR |
| hay |
| | beeswax absolute | FL/FR |
| | hay absolute | FR |
| herbal |
| (+)-alpha- | campholenic aldehyde | FL/FR |
| | carum carvi fruit oil | FL/FR |
| | clary sage oil france | FL/FR |
| | daucus carota fruit oil | FL/FR |
| | lavender absolute bulgaria | FL/FR |
| | linalyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | nopyl acetate | FR |
| alpha- | terpinyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | tricyclodecenyl isobutyrate | FR |
| | valerian rhizome oil | FL/FR |
| | valerian rhizome oil china | FL/FR |
| marine |
| green | algae absolute | FL/FR |
| | marine pyridine | FR |
| melon |
| | watermelon ketone | FR |
| minty |
| | spearmint oil america | FL/FR |
| mossy |
| | oakmoss absolute | FL/FR |
| | veramoss (IFF) | FR |
| musk |
| (Z)- | ambrettolide | FL/FR |
| iso | ambrettolide | FL/FR |
| homo | ambrinol | FR |
| | amyris specialty | FR |
| (3alpha,5alpha)- | androst-16-en-3-ol | FR |
| | angelica root absolute | FL/FR |
| (Z)- | civet decenone | FL/FR |
| | cyclohexadecanone | FR |
| | dehydro beta-linalool | FL/FR |
| | ethylene brassylate | FL/FR |
| | ethylene dodecanoate | FR |
| | exaltone (Firmenich) | FR |
| | juniper lactone | FL/FR |
| delta- | muscenone | FR |
| dextro,laevo- | muscone | FL/FR |
| | musk amberol | FR |
| | musk cyclopentenyl propionate | FR |
| | musk dec-8-enone | FR |
| | musk decanolide | FR |
| (E)-12- | musk decenone | FR |
| | musk decenone | FR |
| | musk dimethyl indane | FL/FR |
| | musk dione | FR |
| | musk dodecane | FR |
| | musk ether | FR |
| | musk gx 50% in BB | FR |
| | musk gx 50% in DEP | FR |
| | musk gx 50% in DPG | FR |
| | musk indane | FR |
| | musk indanone | FR |
| | musk ketone | FR |
| | musk lactone | FR |
| | musk methyl ketone | FR |
| | musk nonane | FR |
| (Z)- | musk pentane | FR |
| | musk propanoate | FR |
| | musk tetralin | FL/FR |
| | musk tibetene (Givaudan) | CS |
| | musk xylol | CS |
| omega- | pentadecalactone | FL/FR |
| | versalide | CS |
| naphthyl |
| beta- | naphthyl ethyl ether | FL/FR |
| powdery |
| para- | anisyl acetate | FL/FR |
| para- | anisyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| soapy |
| | ambrettolide | FL/FR |
| spicy |
| | allspice oil | FL/FR |
| | benzyl isoeugenol | FL/FR |
| | carnation absolute | FR |
| | cassia bark oil china | FL/FR |
| | clove bud oil | FL/FR |
| black | currant bud absolute | FL/FR |
| | eugenol | FL/FR |
| iso | eugenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| (E)-para- | methoxycinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | methyl isoeugenol | FL/FR |
| | nutmeg oil | FL/FR |
| black | pepper oil | FL/FR |
| | pimenta acris leaf oil | FL/FR |
| terpenic |
| | angelica seed oil | FL/FR |
| | frankincense oil | FL/FR |
| (E,E)-2,6-allo | ocimene | FL/FR |
| alpha- | terpineol | FL/FR |
| thujonic |
| | armoise oil | FR |
| tonka |
| | coumarin | FR |
| gamma- | hexalactone | FL/FR |
| | tonka bean absolute | FR |
| tropical |
| | triflaige A (ZEON) | FR |
| vanilla |
| | ethyl vanillin | FL/FR |
| | vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia) | FL/FR |
| | vanillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| | decyl acetate | FL/FR |
| 1- | dodecanol | FL/FR |
| | ethyl laurate | FL/FR |
| | tetradecanal | FL/FR |
| 1- | undecanol | FL/FR |
| woody |
| | acetyl cedrene | FR |
| | amber carbinol | FR |
| | amber decatriene | FR |
| | amber dioxane | FR |
| | amber dodecane | FR |
| | amber formate | FR |
| | amber pentadecane | FR |
| | ambrene acetal | FR |
| | amyris acetate | FR |
| para-tert- | butyl cyclohexanone | FR |
| | cedar cyclododecatriene | FR |
| alpha- | cedrene epoxide | FR |
| | cedrol methyl ether | FR |
| | cedryl formate | FR |
| | cedryl methyl ether | FR |
| | cistus ladaniferus gum | FR |
| | cistus twig/leaf absolute | FR |
| | cistus twig/leaf oil | FL/FR |
| | dihydro-beta-ionol | FL/FR |
| | dihydro-beta-ionone | FL/FR |
| | frankincense resin | FL/FR |
| | guaiacwood oil | FL/FR |
| | gurjun balsam oil | FR |
| | labdanum concrete | FR |
| | labdanum ethanone | FR |
| | longifolene | FL/FR |
| iso | longifolene ketone | FR |
| 2- | methoxy-4-vinyl phenol | FL/FR |
| | methyl cedryl ketone | FL/FR |
| delta- | methyl ionone | FL/FR |
| | patchouli ethanone | FR |
| | patchouli oil | FL/FR |
| | sandal butenol | FR |
| | sandal pentenol | FL/FR |
| | sandalwood oil | FL/FR |
| | santall | FR |
| | santalyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | sclarene | |
| | sclareolide | FL/FR |
| | spruce needle oil canada | FL/FR |
| | timber propanol | FR |
| | tobacarol (IFF) | FR |
| 4,6,11- | trimethyl-5-oxatricyclo(6.2.2.0*4,9*)dodec-6-ene | FR |
| | vetiver oil haiti | FL/FR |
| | woody acetate | FR |
| (Z)- | woody amylene | FR |
| | woody cyclohexanone | FR |
| | woody dioxolane | FR |
| | woody dodecane | FR |
| | woody epoxide | FR |
| | woody ether | FR |
| | woody nonane (ethoxy) | FR |
| | woody propanol | FR |
| |
| For Flavor |
| |
| No flavor group found for these |
| green | algae absolute | FL/FR |
| (Z)- | ambrettolide | FL/FR |
| | ambroxide | FL/FR |
| | amyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| | butyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| | dehydro beta-linalool | FL/FR |
| | dihydro-beta-ionol | FL/FR |
| (S)- | dihydroactinidiolide | FL |
| | elecampane root oil | FL |
| | geranyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| (E)-para- | methoxycinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| delta- | methyl ionone | FL/FR |
| (E,E)-2,6-allo | ocimene | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl lactate | FL/FR |
| | phenyl acetaldehyde 2,3-butylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| | propyl pyruvate | FL/FR |
| | sandal pentenol | FL/FR |
| | sclarene | |
| | undecanal propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| aldehydic |
| | nonanal (aldehyde C-9) | FL/FR |
| 1- | undecanol | FL/FR |
| amber |
| | amber naphthofuran | FL/FR |
| | ambrette seed oil | FL/FR |
| alpha- | ambrinol | FL/FR |
| | angelica seed oil | FL/FR |
| | cistus ladaniferus absolute resin | FL/FR |
| | labdanum absolute | FL/FR |
| | labdanum oil | FL/FR |
| | musk tetralin | FL/FR |
| animal |
| para- | cresyl caprylate | FL/FR |
| balsamic |
| | amyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| siam | benzoin resinoid | FL/FR |
| | benzyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| laevo- | bornyl acetate | FL/FR |
| iso | butyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | fir needle oil siberia | FL/FR |
| | myrrh oil | FL/FR |
| | opoponax absolute (commiphora erythraea var. glabrescens engle) | FL/FR |
| | opoponax resin (commiphora erythraea var. glabrescens engler) | FL/FR |
| iso | propyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | styrax gum (liquidambar styraciflua) | FL |
| | styrax resin (liquidambar styraciflua) | FL/FR |
| | styrax resinoid (liquidambar styraciflua) | FL/FR |
| | tolu balsam | FL/FR |
| berry |
| | heliotropyl acetone | FL/FR |
| | raspberry ketone | FL/FR |
| | raspberry ketone acetate | FL/FR |
| | raspberry ketone methyl ether | FL/FR |
| brown |
| | beeswax absolute | FL/FR |
| caramellic |
| | caramel furanone | FL |
| | ethyl maltol | FL/FR |
| cherry |
| | heliotropin | FL/FR |
| citrus |
| | bergamot oil | FL/FR |
| | linalool | FL/FR |
| laevo- | linalool | FL/FR |
| | nerol | FL/FR |
| blood | orange oil italy | FL/FR |
| alpha- | terpineol | FL/FR |
| cocoa |
| iso | butyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| coconut |
| gamma- | nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| cooling |
| iso | butyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| creamy |
| para- | anisaldehyde | FL/FR |
| gamma- | hexalactone | FL/FR |
| para- | methyl acetophenone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| fatty |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl benzoate | FL/FR |
| delta- | juniper lactone | FL/FR |
| | tetradecanal | FL/FR |
| 10- | undecenal (aldehyde C-11 undecylenic) | FL/FR |
| floral |
| iso | amyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | bois de rose oil brazil | FL/FR |
| | citronellol | FL/FR |
| | dimethyl benzyl carbinyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | dimethyl benzyl carbinyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | geraniol | FL/FR |
| | linalyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | methyl dihydrojasmonate | FL/FR |
| | ocean propanal | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl propionate | FL/FR |
| | rhodinol | FL/FR |
| | satinaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | tetrahydrolinalool | FL/FR |
| | tuberose absolute (from concrete) | FL/FR |
| | tuberose absolute (from pommade) | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| iso | amyl benzoate | FL/FR |
| para- | anisyl acetate | FL/FR |
| para- | anisyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | benzyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | benzyl propionate | FL/FR |
| iso | butyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| gamma- | decalactone | FL/FR |
| | dimethyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| 2- | heptanol | FL/FR |
| | linalyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | propyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | rose butanoate | FL/FR |
| | valerian rhizome oil | FL/FR |
| | valerian rhizome oil china | FL/FR |
| | valerian rhizome oil CO2 extract china | FL/FR |
| green |
| iso | amyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| | angelica root oil | FL/FR |
| (+)-alpha- | campholenic aldehyde | FL/FR |
| | cinnamyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
| | cyclohexyl ethyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | diphenyl oxide | FL/FR |
| | galbanum oil | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl salicylate | FL/FR |
| | immortelle absolute | FL/FR |
| | linalool oxide | FL/FR |
| | oakmoss absolute | FL/FR |
| 3- | phenyl propionaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | violet leaf absolute | FL/FR |
| herbal |
| | angelica seed oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| | carum carvi fruit oil | FL/FR |
| | clary sage oil france | FL/FR |
| | coriander seed oil | FL/FR |
| | daucus carota fruit oil | FL/FR |
| | lavender absolute bulgaria | FL/FR |
| honey |
| | ethyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | phenyl acetaldehyde | FL/FR |
| lactonic |
| gamma- | heptalactone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | octalactone | FL/FR |
| medicinal |
| | dimethyl benzyl carbinol | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| minty |
| | spearmint oil america | FL/FR |
| musk |
| iso | ambrettolide | FL/FR |
| | angelica root absolute | FL/FR |
| (Z)- | civet decenone | FL/FR |
| | ethylene brassylate | FL/FR |
| | juniper lactone | FL/FR |
| dextro,laevo- | muscone | FL/FR |
| | musk dimethyl indane | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 2- | acetyl furan | FL/FR |
| orris |
| | costus root oil | FL |
| phenolic |
| para- | cresyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| powdery |
| beta- | naphthyl ethyl ether | FL/FR |
| smoky |
| 2- | methoxy-4-vinyl phenol | FL/FR |
| soapy |
| | ambrettolide | FL/FR |
| | dodecanal (aldehyde C-12 lauric) | FL/FR |
| 1- | dodecanol | FL/FR |
| spicy |
| | allspice oil | FL/FR |
| | benzyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl isoeugenol | FL/FR |
| | cassia bark oil china | FL/FR |
| | clove bud oil | FL/FR |
| black | currant bud absolute | FL/FR |
| | eugenol | FL/FR |
| iso | eugenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | methyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | methyl isoeugenol | FL/FR |
| | nutmeg oil | FL/FR |
| black | pepper oil | FL/FR |
| 3- | phenyl propyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | pimenta acris leaf oil | FL/FR |
| tropical |
| alpha- | amyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| vanilla |
| | ethyl vanillin | FL/FR |
| omega- | pentadecalactone | FL/FR |
| | vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia) | FL/FR |
| | vanillyl acetate | FL/FR |
| vegetable |
| | potato butyraldehyde | FL |
| waxy |
| | decanal (aldehyde C-10) | FL/FR |
| | decanol | FL/FR |
| 9- | decen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| | decyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl laurate | FL/FR |
| alpha- | hexyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | hydroxycitronellal | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl undecanal (aldehyde C-12 mna) | FL/FR |
| | mimosa absolute france | FL/FR |
| woody |
| | ambrette seed absolute | FL/FR |
| | ambroxan | FL/FR |
| | amyris wood oil | FL/FR |
| iso | bornyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | cistus twig/leaf oil | FL/FR |
| | dihydro-beta-ionone | FL/FR |
| | frankincense oil | FL/FR |
| | frankincense resin | FL/FR |
| | guaiacwood oil | FL/FR |
| | longifolene | FL/FR |
| | methyl cedryl ketone | FL/FR |
| | patchouli oil | FL/FR |
| | sandalwood oil | FL/FR |
| | santalyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | sclareol | FL/FR |
| | sclareolide | FL/FR |
| | spruce needle oil canada | FL/FR |
| alpha- | terpinyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | vetiver oil haiti | FL/FR |
| |
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | astrolide | | | cyclopenta[g]-2-benzopyran, 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl- | | | galaxolide 100% (IFF) | | | hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl cyclopenta-#-2-benzopyran | | 1,3,4,6,7,8- | hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl cyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopryan | | 1,3,4,6,7,8- | hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl cyclopenta(g)-2-benzopyran | | 1,3,4,6,7,8- | hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-cyclopenta-g-2-benzopyran | | 1,3,4,6,7,8- | hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta(g)-2-benzopyran | | 1,3,4,6,7,8- | hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylindeno(5,6-c)pyran | | 1,3,4,6,7,8- | hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylindeno[5,6-c]pyran | | | hexahydrohexamethyl cyclopentabenzopyran | | 4,6,6,7,8,8- | hexamethyl-1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromene | | | indeno[5,6-c]pyran, 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl- | | | musk gx 100% |
Articles:
| US Patents: | 4,162,256 - Process for the production of compounds useful in perfumery |
| PubMed: | In vitro Interaction of Emerging Contaminants with the Cytochrome P450 System of Mediterranean Deep-sea Fish. |
| US Patents: | 4,265,818 - Indane alkanols and tricyclic isochromans and organoleptic uses thereof |
| PubMed: | Zebrafish Abcb4 is a potential efflux transporter of microcystin-LR. |
| PubMed: | Effect of soil HHCB on cadmium accumulation and phytotoxicity in wheat seedlings. |
| PubMed: | Monitoring of sixteen fragrance allergens and two polycyclic musks in wastewater treatment plants by solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography. |
| PubMed: | Field dissipation of four personal care products in biosolids-amended soils in North China. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence and fate of synthetic musk fragrances in a small German river. |
| PubMed: | Enantioselective analysis and fate of polycyclic musks in a water recycling plant in Sydney (Australia). |
| PubMed: | Retrospective monitoring of persistent organic pollutants, including PCBs, PBDEs, and polycyclic musks in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) and sediments from New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, USA: 1991-2005. |
| PubMed: | Headspace stir bar sorptive extraction followed by thermal desorption and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry to determine musk fragrances in sludge samples without sample pretreatment. |
| PubMed: | Theoretical and experimental evidences of medium range atmospheric transport processes of polycyclic musk fragrances. |
| PubMed: | Environmental monitoring of selected pesticides and organic chemicals in urban stormwater recycling systems using passive sampling techniques. |
| PubMed: | Development of stir-bar sorptive extraction-thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the analysis of musks in vegetables and amended soils. |
| PubMed: | Determinations of airborne synthetic musks by polyurethane foam coupled with triple quadrupole gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometer. |
| PubMed: | Concentrations and distribution of synthetic musks and siloxanes in sewage sludge of wastewater treatment plants in China. |
| PubMed: | The occurrence and fate of chemicals of emerging concern in coastal urban rivers receiving discharge of treated municipal wastewater effluent. |
| PubMed: | Simultaneous detection and quantification of select nitromusks, antimicrobial agent, and antihistamine in fish of grocery stores by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Electrochemical conversion of micropollutants in gray water. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence and removal of selected pharmaceuticals and personal care products in three wastewater-treatment plants. |
| PubMed: | Field dissipation and risk assessment of typical personal care products TCC, TCS, AHTN and HHCB in biosolid-amended soils. |
| PubMed: | Chemical and toxicological evaluation of transformation products during advanced oxidation processes. |
| PubMed: | Ecological risk assessment of urban creek sediments contaminated by untreated domestic wastewater: potential contribution of antimicrobials and a musk fragrance. |
| PubMed: | [Effects of HRT on fate of typical polycyclic musk by A2O process]. |
| PubMed: | Dispersive micro solid-phase extraction for the rapid analysis of synthetic polycyclic musks using thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | [Polycyclic musks exposure affects gene expression of specific proteins in earthworm Eisenia fetida]. |
| PubMed: | Enantiomeric analysis of polycyclic musks in water by chiral gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Disila-galaxolide and derivatives: synthesis and olfactory characterization of silicon-containing derivatives of the musk odorant galaxolide. |
| PubMed: | Compound-specific stable carbon isotope analysis of galaxolide enantiomers in sediment using gas chromatography/isotope ratio monitoring mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Biomarkers of human exposure to personal care products: results from the Flemish Environment and Health Study (FLEHS 2007-2011). |
| PubMed: | Abcb4 acts as multixenobiotic transporter and active barrier against chemical uptake in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. |
| PubMed: | Economic valuation of environmental benefits of removing pharmaceutical and personal care products from WWTP effluents by ozonation. |
| PubMed: | Disposition and excretion of 14C-AHTN (7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene) and 14c-hhcb (1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-cyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopyran) after intravenous administration to Sprague-Dawley rats and domestic pigs. |
| PubMed: | Investigation of Galaxolide degradation products generated under oxidative and irradiation processes by liquid chromatography/hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Passive sampling for target and nontarget analyses of moderately polar and nonpolar substances in water. |
| PubMed: | Analysis of plasticizers and synthetic musks in cosmetic and personal care products by matrix solid-phase dispersion gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | New analytical method for the determination of musks in personal care products by Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe extraction followed by GC-MS. |
| PubMed: | Read-across estimates of aquatic toxicity for selected fragrances. |
| PubMed: | Contaminants assessment in the coral reefs of Virgin Islands National Park and Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument. |
| PubMed: | Determination of polycyclic and nitro musks in environmental water samples by means of microextraction by packed sorbents coupled to large volume injection-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. |
| PubMed: | Spatial distribution characteristics of polycyclic musks as a chemical marker in river water and sediment compared with other typical pollutants. |
| PubMed: | PPCPs wet weather mobilization in a combined sewer in NW Spain. |
| PubMed: | Human dermal exposure to galaxolide from personal care products. |
| PubMed: | Fate and removal of typical pharmaceuticals and personal care products by three different treatment processes. |
| PubMed: | Evaluation of a coagulation/flocculation-lamellar clarifier and filtration-UV-chlorination reactor for removing emerging contaminants at full-scale wastewater treatment plants in Spain. |
| PubMed: | Consumption and occurrence of pharmaceutical and personal care products in the aquatic environment in Spain. |
| PubMed: | Metabolism of the polycyclic musk galaxolide and its interference with endogenous and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). |
| PubMed: | Effects of polycyclic musks HHCB and AHTN on steroidogenesis in H295R cells. |
| PubMed: | Genetic analysis of chemosensory traits in human twins. |
| PubMed: | Fully automated ionic liquid-based headspace single drop microextraction coupled to GC-MS/MS to determine musk fragrances in environmental water samples. |
| PubMed: | Occurrences and potential risks of 16 fragrances in five German sewage treatment plants and their receiving waters. |
| PubMed: | Uptake of galaxolide, tonalide, and triclosan by carrot, barley, and meadow fescue plants. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in German fish tissue: a national study. |
| PubMed: | Antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-cyclopenta-γ-2-benzopyran. |
| PubMed: | Optimization and validation of a nonaqueous micellar electrokinetic chromatography method for determination of polycyclic musks in perfumes. |
| PubMed: | Oxidative and photochemical processes for the removal of galaxolide and tonalide from wastewater. |
| PubMed: | Sources of nutrients impacting surface waters in Florida: a review. |
| PubMed: | Spatial and seasonal distribution of synthetic musks in sewage treatment plants of Shanghai, China. |
| PubMed: | Musk fragrances, DEHP and heavy metals in a 20 years old sludge treatment reed bed system. |
| PubMed: | Inhibition of polyisoprenylated methylated protein methyl esterase by synthetic musks induces cell degeneration. |
| PubMed: | Temporal evolution in PPCP removal from urban wastewater by constructed wetlands of different configuration: a medium-term study. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence and persistence of organic emerging contaminants and priority pollutants in five sewage treatment plants of Spain: two years pilot survey monitoring. |
| PubMed: | A genome-wide study on the perception of the odorants androstenone and galaxolide. |
| PubMed: | Spatio-temporal evaluation of organic contaminants and their transformation products along a river basin affected by urban, agricultural and industrial pollution. |
| PubMed: | SVOC exposure indoors: fresh look at dermal pathways. |
| PubMed: | Simultaneous determination of parabens and synthetic musks in water by stir-bar sorptive extraction and thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Membrane assisted solvent extraction coupled to large volume injection-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for trace analysis of synthetic musks in environmental water samples. |
| PubMed: | Toxicity assessment of simulated urban runoff containing polycyclic musks and cadmium in Carassius auratus using oxidative stress biomarkers. |
| PubMed: | First evidences of the occurrence of polycyclic synthetic musk fragrances in surface water systems in Italy: spatial and temporal trends in the Molgora River (Lombardia Region, Northern Italy). |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of synthetic musk fragrances in effluent and non-effluent impacted environments. |
| PubMed: | The occurrence of synthetic musks in human breast milk in Sichuan, China. |
| PubMed: | Levels of synthetic musk fragrances in human milk from three cities in the Yangtze River Delta in Eastern China. |
| PubMed: | Influence of design, physico-chemical and environmental parameters on pharmaceuticals and fragrances removal by constructed wetlands. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence and potential crop uptake of emerging contaminants and related compounds in an agricultural irrigation network. |
| PubMed: | Comparison of PPCPs removal on a parallel-operated MBR and AS system and evaluation of effluent post-treatment on vertical flow reed beds. |
| PubMed: | Fate and removal of permethrin by conventional activated sludge treatment. |
| PubMed: | Transformation products and reaction kinetics of fragrances in advanced wastewater treatment with ozone. |
| PubMed: | Reprint of: Concentrations, distribution, and bioaccumulation of synthetic musks in the Haihe River of China. |
| PubMed: | Simultaneous analysis of select pharmaceuticals and personal care products in fish tissue using pressurized liquid extraction combined with silica gel cleanup. |
| PubMed: | Multilevel ecotoxicity assessment of polycyclic musk in the earthworm Eisenia fetida using traditional and molecular endpoints. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence and accumulation features of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and synthetic musk compounds in finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides) from Korean coastal waters. |
| PubMed: | [Ecotoxicity of synthetical musks on wheat (Triticum aestivum) based on seed germination]. |
| PubMed: | Evaluation of PPCPs removal in a combined anaerobic digester-constructed wetland pilot plant treating urban wastewater. |
| PubMed: | Concentrations, distribution, and bioaccumulation of synthetic musks in the Haihe River of China. |
| PubMed: | High-sensitivity analysis of six synthetic musks by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure photoionization-tandem mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | New developments in the analysis of fragrances and earthy-musty compounds in water by solid-phase microextraction (metal alloy fibre) coupled with gas chromatography-(tandem) mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | [Effects of soil HHCB and Cd contamination on the growth of wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum) and the pollutants accumulation in plants]. |
| PubMed: | Removal of micropollutants from aerobically treated grey water via ozone and activated carbon. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence and profiles of organic sun-blocking agents in surface waters and sediments in Japanese rivers and lakes. |
| PubMed: | Automatic searching and evaluation of priority and emerging contaminants in wastewater and river water by stir bar sorptive extraction followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Ecotoxicological responses of the earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to soil contaminated with HHCB. |
| PubMed: | Assessment of synthetic musk fragrances in seven wastewater treatment plants of Beijing, China. |
| PubMed: | Acute toxicity, biochemical and gene expression responses of the earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to polycyclic musks. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis of a molecularly imprinted polymer and its application for microextraction by packed sorbent for the determination of fluoroquinolone related compounds in water. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of polycyclic musks in wastewater and receiving water bodies and fate during wastewater treatment. |
| PubMed: | Development of a stir bar sorptive extraction and thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for determining synthetic musks in water samples. |
| PubMed: | Synthetic musk emissions from wastewater aeration basins. |
| PubMed: | Interaction of Galaxolide® with the human and trout estrogen receptor-α. |
| PubMed: | Aquatic hazard assessment for pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine-disrupting compounds from biosolids-amended land. |
| PubMed: | Fate of effluent-borne contaminants beneath septic tank drainfields overlying a Karst aquifer. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of synthetic musk fragrances in human blood from 11 cities in China. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of synthetic musks in indoor dust from China and implications for human exposure. |
| PubMed: | Seasonal occurrence and behavior of synthetic musks (SMs) during wastewater treatment process in Shanghai, China. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of emerging contaminants, priority substances (2008/105/CE) and heavy metals in treated wastewater and groundwater at Depurbaix facility (Barcelona, Spain). |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of emerging contaminants, priority substances (2008/105/CE) and heavy metals in treated wastewater and groundwater at Depurbaix facility (Barcelona, Spain). |
| PubMed: | Simultaneous determination of UV filters and polycyclic musks in aqueous samples by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Organic micropollutant degradation in sewage sludge during composting under thermophilic conditions. |
| PubMed: | Comprehensive assessment of the design configuration of constructed wetlands for the removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products from urban wastewaters. |
| PubMed: | Development of a thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for determining personal care products in air. |
| PubMed: | Environmental assessment of anaerobically digested sludge reuse in agriculture: potential impacts of emerging micropollutants. |
| PubMed: | Fast determination of synthetic polycyclic musks in sewage sludge and sediments by microwave-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Higher blood concentrations of synthetic musks in women above fifty years than in younger women. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of synthetic musks in Korean sewage sludges. |
| PubMed: | Stir-bar-sorptive extraction and liquid desorption combined with large-volume injection gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for ultra-trace analysis of musk compounds in environmental water matrices. |
| PubMed: | Ecotoxicological effects of polycyclic musks and cadmium on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum). |
| PubMed: | Enantiomeric separation of chiral polycyclic musks by capillary electrophoresis: Application to the analysis of cosmetic samples. |
| PubMed: | The interference of nitro- and polycyclic musks with endogenous and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in carp: an in vitro study. |
| PubMed: | Individual- and population-level effects of the synthetic musk, HHCB, on the deposit-feeding polychaete, Capitella sp. I. |
| PubMed: | Simultaneous determination of trace polycyclic and nitro musks in water samples using optimized solid-phase extraction by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Determination of synthetic polycyclic musks in water by microwave-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Analysis of selected pharmaceutical compounds and endocrine disruptors in municipal wastewater using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography. |
| PubMed: | Inputs and distributions of synthetic musk fragrances in an estuarine and coastal environment; a case study. |
| PubMed: | Ecotoxicological effects of typical personal care products on seed germination and seedling development of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of emerging pollutants in urban wastewater and their removal through biological treatment followed by ozonation. |
| PubMed: | Sorption behavior of a synthetic antioxidant, polycyclic musk, and an organophosphate insecticide in wastewater sludge. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of brominated flame retardants, polycyclic musks, and chlorinated naphthalenes in seal blubber from Antarctica: comparison to organochlorines. |
| PubMed: | [Distribution character of synthetic musks in urban sewage sludges]. |
| PubMed: | Temporal and spatial patterns of micropollutants in urban receiving waters. |
| PubMed: | Synthetic musks in blood of healthy young adults: relationship to cosmetics use. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in fish: results of a national pilot study in the United States. |
| PubMed: | Pre-treatment of hospital wastewater by coagulation-flocculation and flotation. |
| PubMed: | Effects of the polycyclic musk HHCB on individual- and population-level endpoints in Potamopyrgus antipodarum. |
| PubMed: | Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry screening methods for select UV filters, synthetic musks, alkylphenols, an antimicrobial agent, and an insect repellent in fish. |
| PubMed: | Effects of synthetic polycyclic musks on estrogen receptor, vitellogenin, pregnane X receptor, and cytochrome P450 3A gene expression in the livers of male medaka (Oryzias latipes). |
| PubMed: | Environmental exposure of pharmaceuticals and musk fragrances in the Somes River before and after upgrading the municipal wastewater treatment plant Cluj-Napoca, Romania. |
| PubMed: | Development of a method based on sorbent trapping followed by solid-phase microextraction for the determination of synthetic musks in indoor air. |
| PubMed: | Synthetic musks in the aquatic environment and personal care products in Shanghai, China. |
| PubMed: | Bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals and other anthropogenic waste indicators in earthworms from agricultural soil amended with biosolid or swine manure. |
| PubMed: | Polycyclic musks in green-lipped mussels (Perna viridis) from Hong Kong. |
| PubMed: | Synthetic polycyclic musks in Hong Kong sewage sludge. |
| PubMed: | Characterizing the passage of personal care products through wastewater treatment processes. |
| PubMed: | Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from urban wastewater in a pilot vertical flow constructed wetland and a sand filter. |
| PubMed: | Target and nontarget screening of organic micropollutants in water by solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography/high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | The sweet scent on baby's breath? |
| PubMed: | Air-sea exchange fluxes of synthetic polycyclic musks in the North Sea and the Arctic. |
| PubMed: | Mass fluxes and spatial trends of xenobiotics in the waters of the city of Halle, Germany. |
| PubMed: | Biotransformation of the polycyclic musks HHCB and AHTN and metabolite formation by fungi occurring in freshwater environments. |
| PubMed: | Hormonal activity of polycyclic musks evaluated by reporter gene assay. |
| PubMed: | Chub (Leuciscus cephalus) as a bioindicator of contamination of the Vltava River by synthetic musk fragrances. |
| PubMed: | An overview of pharmaceuticals and personal care products contamination along the river Somes watershed, Romania. |
| PubMed: | Determination of the solid-water distribution coefficient (Kd) for pharmaceuticals, estrogens and musk fragrances in digested sludge. |
| PubMed: | Elimination of the musk fragrances galaxolide and tonalide from wastewater by ozonation and concomitant stripping. |
| PubMed: | Concentrations of synthetic musk compounds in personal care and sanitation products and human exposure profiles through dermal application. |
| PubMed: | Synthetic musk fragrances in human milk from the United States. |
| PubMed: | Sources and transport of selected organic micropollutants in urban groundwater underlying the city of Halle (Saale), Germany. |
| PubMed: | Emerging pollutants in the North Sea in comparison to Lake Ontario, Canada, data. |
| PubMed: | Bioaccumulation, temporal trend, and geographical distribution of synthetic musks in the marine environment. |
| PubMed: | Fate of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) during anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. |
| PubMed: | Mass flow of polycyclic musks in two wastewater treatment plants. |
| PubMed: | Calculation methods to perform mass balances of micropollutants in sewage treatment plants. application to pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs). |
| PubMed: | Levels, tissue distribution, and age-related accumulation of synthetic musk fragrances in Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis): comparison to organochlorines. |
| PubMed: | Persistent organic pollutants, brominated flame retardants and synthetic musks in fish from remote alpine lakes in Switzerland. |
| PubMed: | 'Brain aided' musk design. |
| PubMed: | Elimination of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in subsurface flow constructed wetlands. |
| PubMed: | Synthetic musk fragrances in Lake Erie and Lake Ontario sediment cores. |
| PubMed: | Toxicity of synthetic musks to early life stages of the freshwater mussel Lampsilis cardium. |
| PubMed: | Retrospective monitoring of synthetic musk compounds in aquatic biota from German rivers and coastal areas. |
| PubMed: | Membrane-assisted liquid-liquid extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for determination of selected polycyclic musk compounds and drugs in water samples. |
| PubMed: | The concentrations and distribution of polycyclic musks in a typical cosmetic plant. |
| PubMed: | Determination of fragrances at ng/L levels using CLSA and GC/MS detection. |
| PubMed: | Excretion and ecotoxicity of pharmaceutical and personal care products in the environment. |
| PubMed: | Synthetic musk compounds and effects on human health? |
| PubMed: | Analysis of drugs and personal care products in French source and drinking waters: the analytical challenge and examples of application. |
| PubMed: | Behaviour of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a sewage treatment plant of northwest Spain. |
| PubMed: | A survey of polycyclic musks in selected household commodities from the United States. |
| PubMed: | Removal of cosmetic ingredients and pharmaceuticals in sewage primary treatment. |
| PubMed: | Polycyclic musk compounds in higher trophic level aquatic organisms and humans from the United States. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of synthetic musk fragrances in marine mammals and sharks from Japanese coastal waters. |
| PubMed: | Determination of polycyclic musks in sewage sludge from Guangdong, China using GC-EI-MS. |
| PubMed: | Towards Raman optical activity calculations of large molecules. |
| PubMed: | Determination of pharmaceuticals, iodinated contrast media and musk fragrances in sludge by LC/tandem MS and GC/MS. |
| PubMed: | Estrogenic activity of cosmetic components in reporter cell lines: parabens, UV screens, and musks. |
| PubMed: | Blood concentrations of polycyclic musks in healthy young adults. |
| PubMed: | Polycyclic musks in the Ruhr catchment area--transport, discharges of waste water, and transformations of HHCB, AHTN and HHCB-lactone. |
| PubMed: | Interaction of polycyclic musks and UV filters with the estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR), and progesterone receptor (PR) in reporter gene bioassays. |
| PubMed: | Determination of musks and other fragrance compounds at ng/L levels using CLSA (closed loop stripping analysis) and GC/MS detection. |
| PubMed: | Comparison of the behaviour of selected micropollutants in a membrane bioreactor and a conventional wastewater treatment plant. |
| PubMed: | Considerations about the enantioselective transformation of polycyclic musks in wastewater, treated wastewater and sewage sludge and analysis of their fate in a sequencing batch reactor plant. |
| PubMed: | Retention characteristics and balance assessment for two polycyclic musk fragrances (HHCB and AHTN) in a typical German sewage treatment plant. |
| PubMed: | Investigation on the behaviour of selected pharmaceuticals in the groundwater after infiltration of treated wastewater. |
| PubMed: | Behavior of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and hormones in a sewage treatment plant. |
| PubMed: | Fatal attraction: synthetic musk fragrances compromise multixenobiotic defense systems in mussels. |
| PubMed: | Study of the photoinduced degradation of polycyclic musk compounds by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Synthetic musk toxicity to early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio). |
| PubMed: | In vitro and in vivo antiestrogenic effects of polycyclic musks in zebrafish. |
| PubMed: | Behavior of the polycyclic musks HHCB and AHTN in lakes, two potential anthropogenic markers for domestic wastewater in surface waters. |
| PubMed: | Pharmaceutical and personal care products in sewage treatment works. |
| PubMed: | Evaluation of Simple Treat 3.0 for two hydrophobic and slowly biodegradable chemicals: polycyclic musks HHCB and AHTN. |
| PubMed: | Determination of musk compounds in sewage treatment plant sludge samples by solid-phase microextraction. |
| PubMed: | Molecular markers of anthropogenic activity in sediments of the Havel and Spree Rivers (Germany). |
| PubMed: | Bioconcentration and acute toxicity of polycyclic musks in two benthic organisms (Chironomus riparius and Lumbriculus variegatus). |
| PubMed: | Polycyclic aromatic musk compounds in sewage treatment plant effluents of Canada and Sweden--first results. |
| PubMed: | Inhibition of larval development of the marine copepod Acartia tonsa by four synthetic musk substances. |
| PubMed: | Effects of four synthetic musks on the life cycle of the harpacticoid copepod Nitocra spinipes. |
| PubMed: | Automated storage of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry data in a relational database to facilitate compound screening and identification. |
| PubMed: | Transcriptional activation of estrogen receptor ERalpha and ERbeta by polycyclic musks is cell type dependent. |
| PubMed: | Optimisation of a solid-phase microextraction method for synthetic musk compounds in water. |
| PubMed: | Synthetic musks in the environment. Part 2: Enantioselective transformation of the polycyclic musk fragrances HHCB, AHTN, AHDI, and ATII in freshwater fish. |
| PubMed: | Synthetic musks in the environment. Part 1: Species-dependent bioaccumulation of polycyclic and nitro musk fragrances in freshwater fish and mussels. |
| PubMed: | Polycyclic musk fragrances in fish samples from Berlin waterways, Germany. |
| PubMed: | Constructing conformationally constrained macrobicyclic musks. |
| PubMed: | Synthetic musks in environmental samples: indicator compounds with relevant properties for environmental monitoring. |
| PubMed: | Enantioselectivity of the musk odor sensation. |
| PubMed: | Polycyclic musk fragrances in different environmental compartments in Berlin (Germany). |
| PubMed: | Optimization of solid-phase microextraction for the gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of synthetic musk fragrances in water samples. |
| PubMed: | Aquatic fate assessment of the polycyclic musk fragrance HHCB. Scenario and variability analysis in accordance with the EU risk assessment guidelines. |
| PubMed: | Patterns of waking EEG spectral power in chemically intolerant individuals during repeated chemical exposures. |
| PubMed: | Nitro musks, nitro musk amino metabolites and polycyclic musks in sewage sludges. Quantitative determination by HRGC-ion-trap-MS/MS and mass spectral characterization of the amino metabolites. |
| PubMed: | Genotoxicity tests with 6-acetyl-1,1,2,4,4,7-hexamethyltetraline and 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopyr an. |
| PubMed: | Enantiomeric composition of the polycyclic musks HHCB and AHTN in different aquatic species |
| PubMed: | Thermodynamic prediction of active ingredient loading in polymeric microparticles. |
| PubMed: | Testing of SOS induction of artificial polycyclic musk fragrances in E. coli PQ37 (SOS chromotest). |
| PubMed: | Lack of Mutagenicity of Polycyclic Musk Fragrances in Salmonella typhimurium. |
| PubMed: | Genotoxicity of polycyclic musk fragrances in the sister-chromatid exchange test. |
| PubMed: | In vitro genotoxicity of polycyclic musk fragrances in the micronucleus test. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of nitro and non-nitro benzenoid musk compounds in human adipose tissue. |
| PubMed: | EEG and ERP studies of low-level odor exposure in normal subjects. |
| PubMed: | Life span changes in the verbal categorization of odors. |
| PubMed: | Safety evaluation of four bicyclic musk fragrance-chemicals relative to the neurotoxin, acetyl ethyl tetramethyl tetralin (AETT). |
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