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Category: flavoring agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | colorless to yellow clear liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 98.00 to 100.00 %
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Specific Gravity: | 1.13400 @ 25.00 °C.
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| Refractive Index: | 1.57800 @ 20.00 °C.
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| Boiling Point: | 44.00 to 45.00 °C. @ 0.07 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 94.00 °C. @ 10.00 mm Hg
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| Vapor Pressure: | 0.134000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point: | 140.00 °F. TCC ( 60.00 °C. )
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| logP (o/w): | 0.633 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water | | | water, 4.075e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
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| Odor Type: caramellic |
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| | meaty roasted meaty |
Odor Description: at 0.10 % in propylene glycol. | roasted in sugar syrup meaty |
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| Flavor Type: meaty |
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| | meaty roasted meaty |
Taste Description:
| roasted meat-like |
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| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
gavage-rat LD50 [sex: M,F] 2100 mg/kg (Burdock & Ford, 1990b)
oral-rat LD50 1700 mg/kg KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: OTHER CHANGES
BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B. Vol. 1, Pg. 4, 1990.
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 100 mg/kg European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry--Chimie Therapeutique. Vol. 18, Pg. 515, 1983.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | flavoring agents |
| Recommendation for 2-mercaptomethyl pyrazine usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
|
| |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.012 (μg/capita/day) |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 0.01 (μg/capita/day) |
| Structure Class: | III |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 5 |
| Click here to view publication 5 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | - | 10.00000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | - |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | - | - |
| condiments / relishes: | - | 10.00000 |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | - | - |
| frozen dairy: | - | - |
| fruit ices: | - | - |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | - | 10.00000 |
| hard candy: | - | - |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | - |
| meat products: | - | 10.00000 |
| milk products: | - | - |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | - | - |
| poultry: | - | - |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
| snack foods: | - | - |
| soft candy: | - | - |
| soups: | - | 10.00000 |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
| Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) reference(s): |
| The FEMA GRAS assessment of pyrazine derivatives used as flavor ingredients. View pdf |
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 17 (FGE.17): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 50 (FGE.50): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17 (2005) (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 1 (FGE.17Rev1): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) [1] View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 2 (FGE.17Rev2): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 50, Revision 1 (FGE.50Rev1): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17Rev2 (2010) View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: | View |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 59021-02-2 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 62145 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WGK Germany: | 3 |
| | pyrazin-2-ylmethanethiol |
| Chemidplus: | 0059021022 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
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| For Odor |
| alliaceous |
| | dimethyl trisulfide | FL/FR |
| | methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
| caramellic |
| | caramel pentadione | FL/FR |
| | maltyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| | strawberry furanone | FL/FR |
| chocolate |
| 2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| coffee |
| | coffee difuran | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl mercaptan | FL/FR |
| fresh |
| 10- | undecen-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| 3- | mercaptohexyl acetate | FL/FR |
| (E)-7- | methyl-3-octen-2-one | FL/FR |
| | prunus amygdalus amara seed extract | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | undecenal | FL/FR |
| green |
| (E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal | FL/FR |
| | meaty dithiane | FL/FR |
| | sulfurol | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl acetate | FL/FR |
| moldy |
| | strawberry furanone methyl ether | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| | filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-3-(methyl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | trigonella foenum-graecum seed oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| smoky |
| 2,6- | dimethoxyphenol | FL/FR |
| | pyroligneous acids | FL/FR |
| | benzothiazole | FL/FR |
| | fish thiol | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
| 2- | mercaptopropionic acid | FL/FR |
| | methyl mercaptan | FL/FR |
| 2-( | methyl thio) phenol | FL/FR |
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| For Flavor |
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| No flavor group found for these |
| 2- | acetyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine | FL |
| 1,2- | butane dithiol | FL |
| (Z+E)-2,5- | dimethyl-3-tetrahydrofuran thiol | FL |
| (Z+E)-2,5- | dimethyl-3-thioacetoxytetrahydrofuran | FL |
| 2,5- | dimethyl-3-thiofuroyl furan | FL |
| 2- | methyl-3-(methyl thio) pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 3-((2- | methyl-3-furyl)thio)-4-heptanone | FL |
|
| 3,7- | dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-yl cyclopropyl carboxamide | FL |
| 2- | methyl-1-methyl thio-2-butene | FL |
| 3- | methyl-1,2,4-trithiane | FL |
| alliaceous |
| | allyl disulfide | FL |
| | allyl mercaptan | FL |
| 1,3- | butane dithiol | FL |
| | cyclopentyl mercaptan | FL |
| | dicyclohexyl disulfide | FL |
| | dimethyl trisulfide | FL/FR |
| | garlic oil extenders | FL |
| 3- | mercapto-2-pentanone | FL |
| 3- | tetrahydrothiophenone | FL |
| bacon |
| | bacon reaction crispy | FL |
| burnt |
| 1,6- | hexane dithiol | FL |
| caramellic |
| | caramel pentadione | FL/FR |
| | strawberry furanone | FL/FR |
| chemical |
| 2,5- | dimethyl furan | FL |
| coffee |
| | coffee difuran | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl mercaptan | FL/FR |
| | methyl furfuryl disulfide | FL/FR |
| | methyl furfuryl mercaptopropionate | FL |
| | methyl furfuryl thiol | FL |
| earthy |
| (±)-2- | mercapto-5-methylheptan-4-one | FL |
| 1,8- | octane dithiol | FL |
| 2- | thienyl disulfide | FL |
| fatty |
| pork | fat extract | FL |
| (E)-7- | methyl-3-octen-2-one | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| 2- | ethyl-2,5-dihydro-4-methyl thiazole | FL |
| greasy |
| 10- | undecen-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| green |
| 4- | methyl thiazole | FL |
| (E,Z)-2,6- | nonadienal | FL/FR |
| jammy |
| | maltyl isobutyrate | FL/FR |
| meaty |
| 4- | allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol | FL |
| | bacon flavor | FL |
| | beef broth flavor | FL |
| roast | beef flavor | FL |
| | beef flavor | FL |
| BBQ | beef flavor | FL |
| | beef flavor base | FL |
| | benzothiazole | FL/FR |
| | chicken bone extract | FL |
| | chicken extract | FL |
| | chicken flavor | FL |
| grilled | chicken flavor | FL |
| | chicken key | FL |
| 2,6- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | dimethyl thiophenol | FL |
| 2,5- | dimethyl-3-furan thiol | FL |
| 2',3- | dimethyl-3',4-dioxa-2,8-dithiabicyclo(3.3.0)octane spirocyclopentane | FL |
| 1,1- | ethane dithiol 1% in ethanol 94.5% / ethyl acetate 4% | FL |
| | ethyl 2-hydroxyethyl sulfide | FL |
| | furfuryl 2-methyl-3-furyl disulfide | FL |
| 4- | furfuryl thio-2-pentanone | FL |
| | ham enhancers | FL |
| | ham flavor | FL |
| | hot dog flavor | FL |
| | lamb flavor | FL |
| | liver flavor | FL |
| | meat broth concentrates | FL |
| | meat flavors | FL |
| | meaty dithiane | FL/FR |
| | meaty enhancers | FL |
| 3- | mercapto-2-butanone | FL |
| (R,S)-2- | mercapto-3-butanol | FL |
| 3- | mercapto-3-methyl butanol | FL |
| 2- | mercaptopropionic acid | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl 3-(methyl thio) furan | FL |
| 2-( | methyl thio) phenol | FL/FR |
| | methyl thiofuryl butanal | FL |
| bis(2- | methyl-3-furyl) disulfide | FL |
| S-(2- | methyl-3-furyl) ethane thioate | FL |
| 2- | methyl-3-tetrahydrofuran thiol | FL |
| 2- | methyl-3-thioacetoxytetrahydrofuran | FL |
| | phenyl mercaptan | FL |
| roasted | pork flavor | FL |
| | pork flavor | FL |
| grilled | pork flavor | FL |
| | propyl 2-mercaptopropionate | FL |
| | pyrazinyl ethane thiol | FL |
| 2- | pyridinyl methane thiol | FL |
| | rabbit flavor | FL |
| grilled | steak flavor | FL |
| | sulfurol | FL/FR |
| | sulfuryl acetate | FL/FR |
| | thialdine | FL |
| ortho- | thiocresol | FL |
| ortho- | thioguaiacol | FL |
| | turkey flavor | FL |
| smoked | turkey flavor | FL |
| roast | turkey flavor | FL |
| | veal flavor | FL |
| | venison flavor | FL |
| medicinal |
| 2,6- | dimethoxyphenol | FL/FR |
| metallic |
| 2,5- | dihydroxy-1,4-dithiane | FL |
| moldy |
| | strawberry furanone methyl ether | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 2- | acetyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL |
| | filbert heptenone | FL/FR |
| 2,6- | lutidine | FL/FR |
| | nutty thiazole | FL |
| | prunus amygdalus amara seed extract | FL/FR |
| phenolic |
| 2- | ethyl benzene thiol | FL |
| roasted |
| 3,5- | diisobutyl-1,2,4-trithiolane | FL |
| | furfuryl thioacetate | FL/FR |
| | hexyl mercaptan | FL |
| | trigonella foenum-graecum seed oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| savory |
| 2,4,6- | triethyl tetrahydro-1,3,5-dithiazine | FL |
| smoky |
| | prosopis juliflora wood extract | FL |
| | pyroligneous acids | FL/FR |
| spicy |
| hot spicy | beef flavor | FL |
| sulfurous |
| 2,3- | butane dithiol | FL |
| | butyl mercaptan | FL |
| | fish thiol | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl thiopropionate | FL |
| | methyl 2-methyl-3-furyl disulfide | FL |
| | methyl mercaptan | FL/FR |
| 3- | methyl-2-butane thiol | FL |
| 2- | naphthyl mercaptan | FL |
| 3- | pentane thiol | FL |
| | roasted butanol | FL |
| tropical |
| 3- | mercaptohexyl acetate | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| (E)-2- | undecenal | FL/FR |
| yeasty |
| | faex extracts | FL |
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Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| 2- | mercapto methyl pyrazine | | | mercaptomethyl pyrazine | | 2-( | mercaptomethyl)pyrazine | | 2- | mercaptomethylpyrazine | | | pyrazin-2-yl methane thiol | | | pyrazin-2-ylmethanethiol | | | pyrazine methane thiol | | | pyrazine, 2-mercaptomethyl- | | | pyrazinemethanethiol | | 2- | pyrazinemethanethiol | | | pyrazinyl methyl mercaptan | | | pyrazinylmethyl mercaptan | | | pyrazinylmethyl-mercaptan | | | pyrazinylmethylmercaptan |
Articles:
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