| CAS Number: | 4440-65-7 | 3D/inchi
|
| ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg: | 224-659-0 |
| FDA UNII: | 3300F8DZ5A |
| CoE Number: | 5192 |
| XlogP3-AA: | 1.10 (est) |
| Molecular Weight: | 98.14490000 |
| Formula: | C6 H10 O |
| NMR Predictor: | Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox) |
| Also(can) Contains: | (E)-3-hexenal |
| | (Z)-3-hexenal |
| EFSA/JECFA Comments: | At least 80% (total of cis- and trans-isomers); secondary component 18-20% trans-2-hexenal. (EFSA)
CASrn does not specify stereoisomers. According to JECFA: Min. assay value is "80 (total of cis & trans isomers)" and secondary compounds "trans-2-hexenal". Stereoisomeric composition and composition of mixture to be specified. |
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | colorless clear liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 80.00 to 100.00 % sum of isomers
|
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Boiling Point: | 57.00 °C. @ 28.00 mm Hg
|
| Boiling Point: | 127.00 to 128.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Vapor Pressure: | 11.202000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Vapor Density: | >1 ( Air = 1 ) |
| Flash Point: | 135.00 °F. TCC ( 57.22 °C. )
|
| logP (o/w): | 1.432 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, 5261 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
| Insoluble in: |
| | water |
Organoleptic Properties:
| |
| Odor Type: green |
| |
| Odor Strength: | high , recommend smelling in a 1.00 % solution or less |
| |
| Substantivity: | > 4 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
| |
| | leafy green tomato melon apple |
Odor Description: at 1.00 % in dipropylene glycol. | leafy green stem tomato melon apple |
| |
| | sharp leafy green vegetable tomato melon tropical |
Odor Description: at 1.00 %. | Sharp penetrating leafy green, vegetative stemmy with unripe tomato, melon and tropical nuances Mosciano, Gerard P&F 25, No. 5, 72, (2000) |
| |
| |
| Flavor Type: green |
| |
| | aromatic green waxy vegetable green melon tomato cinnamon spicy |
Taste Description: at 1.00 - 10.00 ppm. | Strong, aromatic green, with waxy vegatative green melon and tomato nuances. And a hint of cinnamon spice Mosciano, Gerard P&F 25, No. 5, 72, (2000) |
| |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
| |
| Bedoukian Research |
| 3-HEXENAL MIXTURE (50% IN TRIACETIN) ≥80.0% (sum of isomers), Kosher |
| Odor Description: | Substantive and powerful fresh green apple note, with banana, pumpkin and parsley undertones A good modifier that imparts natural topnotes to fruity floral types. |
| Taste Description: | Sharp, green, grassy Excellent topnote for a variety of flavors especially seedy notes for raspberry, fresh notes to apple, other fruits, and berries, and adds fresh green notes to tomato and other vegetables. |
| |
| |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
| Bedoukian Research |
| 3-HEXENAL MIXTURE (50% IN TRIACETIN)
≥80.0% (sum of isomers), Kosher Odor: Substantive and powerful fresh green apple note, with banana, pumpkin and parsley undertones Use: A good modifier that imparts natural topnotes to fruity floral types. Flavor: Sharp, green, grassy Excellent topnote for a variety of flavors especially seedy notes for raspberry, fresh notes to apple, other fruits, and berries, and adds fresh green notes to tomato and other vegetables. |
| BOC Sciences |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 3-Hexenal
|
| M&U International |
| 3-HEXENAL MIXTURE
|
| Parchem |
| 3-hexenal mixture (50% in Triacetin)
|
| Penta International |
| 3-HEXENAL (50% IN TRIACETIN) (CIS,TRANS MIXTURE)
|
| Taytonn ASCC |
| 3-Hexenal Mixture (50% in Triacetin)
Odor: Fruity, Grass, Green |
Safety Information:
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
| |
| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 3000 mg/kg Excellent topnote for a variety of flavors especially seedy notes for raspberry, fresh notes to apple, other fruits, and berries, and adds fresh green notes to tomato and other vegetables.
|
| Dermal Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
| Inhalation Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
| Recommendation for 3-hexenal usage levels up to: | | | 0.5000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
|
| |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 24.70 (μg/capita/day) |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 53.00 (μg/capita/day) |
| Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): | ND (μg/person/day) |
| Threshold of Concern: | 1800 (μg/person/day) |
| Structure Class: | I |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 19 |
| Click here to view publication 19 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | 4.00000 | 7.00000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | 1.00000 | 3.00000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | - | - |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | - | - |
| frozen dairy: | 1.00000 | 3.00000 |
| fruit ices: | - | - |
| gelatins / puddings: | 2.00000 | 3.00000 |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | - | - |
| hard candy: | - | - |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | - |
| meat products: | - | - |
| milk products: | - | - |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | - | - |
| poultry: | - | - |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
| snack foods: | - | - |
| soft candy: | 3.50000 | 5.00000 |
| soups: | - | - |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 62 (FGE.62) Consideration of linear and branched-chain aliphatic unsaturated, unconjugated alcohols, aldehydes, acids, and related esters evaluated by JECFA (61st meeting) structurally related to esters of branched- and straight-chain aliphatic saturated primary alcohols and of one secondary alcohol, and branched- and straight-chain unsaturated carboxylic acids evaluated by EFSA in FGE.05 (2005) and to straight- and branched-chain aliphatic unsaturated primary alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and esters evaluated by EFSA in FGE.06 (2004) (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 62 Rev1 (FGE.62 Rev1): Consideration of of linear and branched-chain aliphatic unsaturated, unconjugated alcohols, aldehydes, acids, and related esters evaluated by JECFA (61st and 68th meeting) structurally related to branched- and straight-chain unsaturated carboxylic acids and esters of these with aliphatic saturated alcohols evaluated by EFSA in FGE.05Rev2 (2010) and to straight- and branched-chain aliphatic unsaturated primary alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and esters evaluated by EFSA in FGE.06Rev1 (2008) View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: | View |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 4440-65-7 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 23234 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WISER: | UN 1989 |
| WGK Germany: | 2 |
| | hex-3-enal |
| Chemidplus: | 0004440657 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
| |
| For Odor |
| cheesy |
| cheesy |
| 2- | heptanone | FL/FR |
| citrus |
| | neroli ketone | FR |
| | petitgrain combava oil | FR |
| (E)-2- | tetradecenal | FL/FR |
| dairy |
| | methyl butyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| fatty |
| | allyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| | decanol | FL/FR |
| | ethyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
| 2- | nonen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| 2- | nonenal | FL/FR |
| (Z)-2- | octenal | |
| (E)-2- | octenal | FL/FR |
| floral |
| | allyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| (S)- | citronellyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | citronellyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | citronellyl propionate | FL/FR |
| | dimethyl benzyl carbinyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | geranium pyran | FR |
| | geranium specialty | FR |
| | geranyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | hexyl 2-furoate | FL/FR |
| | hydroxycitronellal | FL/FR |
| (Z)- | methyl epi-jasmonate | FL/FR |
| | methyl jasmonate | FL/FR |
| | mimosa absolute morocco | FL/FR |
| | neroli oil bigarde | FL/FR |
| | rose butanoate | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| | allyl cyclohexyl propionate | FL/FR |
| | amyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | butyl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| | cyclohexyl propionate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl levulinate | FL/FR |
| alpha- | heptyl cinnamaldehyde | |
| | hexanal propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| 2- | hexen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | hexen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl butyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | methyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| 2- | pentyl furan | FL/FR |
| | propyl 2,4-decadienoate | FL/FR |
| | propyl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| green |
| | acetaldehyde butyl phenethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | acetaldehyde di-(Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetal | FL/FR |
| | acetaldehyde dipropyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | acetaldehyde ethyl phenethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | artichoke leaf | |
| | bromstyrol | CS |
| 2-iso | butyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| | carrot leaf oil (daucus carota ssp.maximus) | FR |
| | cilantro leaf oil | FL/FR |
| 3,5,6-neo | cyclocitral | FR |
| | diphenyl oxide | FL/FR |
| | dodecanal dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl (E)-2-decenoate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl (E)-4-decenoate | FL/FR |
| | galbanum decatriene | FL/FR |
| | galbanum oil terpeneless | FL/FR |
| | galbanum oleoresin | FL/FR |
| | geranium absolute | FL/FR |
| | geranium thiazole | FL/FR |
| | heptanal dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| 1- | heptanol | FL/FR |
| 1- | hepten-3-ol | FL/FR |
| | heptyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | hexen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-2- | hexen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (E)-4- | hexen-1-ol | |
| 3- | hexen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl (E)-crotonate | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | hexen-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl benzoate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl formate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl lactate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl methyl carbonate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | hexen-1-yl valerate | FL/FR |
| | hexoxyacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FR |
| | hexyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | hexyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | hexyl heptanoate | FL/FR |
| | hexyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | lawsonia inermis leaf oil CO2 extract | FR |
| (Z)- | leaf acetal | FL/FR |
| | leafy acetal | FL/FR |
| | leafy oxime | FR |
| | manzanate (Givaudan) | FL/FR |
| | melon nonenoate | FL/FR |
| | methyl heptine carbonate | FL/FR |
| (E,Z)-3,6- | nonadien-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z,Z)-3,6- | nonadien-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (E,Z)-2,6- | nonadien-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| 3,6- | nonadien-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| (E,Z)-3,6- | nonadien-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| | octanal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | octanal dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| (Z)-5- | octen-1-yl propionate | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | pentenal | FL/FR |
| 2- | phenyl propionaldehyde | FL/FR |
| 3- | phenyl propionaldehyde | FL/FR |
| iso | propyl phenyl propionaldehyde | FR |
| | rosa damascena leaf absolute | FR |
| | rosacyanthin | FR |
| | rose leaf absolute (rosa centifolia) | FL/FR |
| | styralyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | violet leaf oil (viola odorata) | FL/FR |
| herbal |
| sweet | basil absolute | FL/FR |
| | herbal heptane | FR |
| | lovage tincture | FL/FR |
| | rosemary oleoresin | FL/FR |
| honey |
| | methyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| malty |
| S- | methyl methioninium chloride | |
| melon |
| | melon carboxaldehyde | FR |
| (Z)-6- | nonenal | FL/FR |
| | watermelon ketone | FR |
| minty |
| iso | pulegyl formate | FL/FR |
| pine |
| | plectranthus glandulosus hook f. leaf oil cameroon | FR |
| spicy |
| | carrot weed oil | FL/FR |
| | dimethyl sulfide | FL/FR |
| | ethyl methyl mercaptopropionate | FL/FR |
| | mango thiol | FL/FR |
| | methyl 3-(methyl thio) propionate | FL/FR |
| 3-( | methyl thio) hexanol | FL/FR |
| tropical |
| 2- | tropical oxathiane | FL/FR |
| vegetable |
| | methional | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| | allyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| 2,4- | nonadien-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | nonen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| | nonyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | octanol | FL/FR |
| |
| For Flavor |
| |
| No flavor group found for these |
| | acetaldehyde di-(Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetal | FL/FR |
| | allyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| | amyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| alpha- | heptyl cinnamaldehyde | |
| | heptyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| 3- | hexen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl (E)-crotonate | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | hexenal | FL |
| 2- | hexenal | FL |
| | hexyl heptanoate | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-3-heptanone | FL |
| 3- | methyl-3-pentanol | FL |
| 1,5- | octadien-3-ol | FL |
| (Z)-2- | octenal | |
| iso | pulegyl formate | FL/FR |
| aromatic |
| | leafy acetal | FL/FR |
| cheesy |
| 2- | heptanone | FL/FR |
| citrus |
| | cilantro leaf oil | FL/FR |
| cooling |
| | manzanate (Givaudan) | FL/FR |
| dairy |
| | methyl butyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| fatty |
| | allyl octanoate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl (E)-4-decenoate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl undecylenate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl benzoate | FL/FR |
| 2,4- | nonadien-1-ol | FL/FR |
| 2- | nonen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| 2- | nonenal | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | octenal | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | octenoic acid | FL |
| (E,E)-2,4- | undecadienal | FL |
| fermented |
| | methyl thio isovalerate | FL |
| floral |
| (S)- | citronellyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | citronellyl propionate | FL/FR |
| | dimethyl benzyl carbinyl acetate | FL/FR |
| (Z)- | methyl epi-jasmonate | FL/FR |
| | methyl jasmonate | FL/FR |
| | methyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | mimosa absolute morocco | FL/FR |
| | neroli oil bigarde | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| | allyl cyclohexyl propionate | FL/FR |
| | butyl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| | citronellyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | cyclohexyl propionate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl (E)-2-decenoate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl levulinate | FL/FR |
| | furfuryl valerate | FL |
| 2- | furyl pentyl ketone | FL |
| | hexanal propylene glycol acetal | FL/FR |
| 2- | hexen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| | hexyl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl butyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | propyl hexanoate | FL/FR |
| | rose butanoate | FL/FR |
| | styralyl acetate | FL/FR |
| green |
| | acetaldehyde butyl phenethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | acetaldehyde dipropyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | acetaldehyde ethyl phenethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | artichoke leaf | |
| 2-iso | butyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| | carrot weed oil | FL/FR |
| | diphenyl oxide | FL/FR |
| | dodecanal dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate | FL/FR |
| | galbanum decatriene | FL/FR |
| | galbanum oil terpeneless | FL/FR |
| | galbanum oleoresin | FL/FR |
| | geranium absolute | FL/FR |
| | geranium thiazole | FL/FR |
| | geranyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | heptanal dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| 1- | hepten-3-ol | FL/FR |
| (E,E)-2,4- | hexadienal | FL |
| (E)-2- | hexen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | hexen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-2- | hexen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (E)-4- | hexen-1-ol | |
| (E)-2- | hexen-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl formate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl lactate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl methyl carbonate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl phenyl acetate | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | hexen-1-yl valerate | FL/FR |
| (E)-3- | hexenoic acid | FL |
| | hexyl 2-furoate | FL/FR |
| | hexyl 2-methyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | hexyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| (Z)- | leaf acetal | FL/FR |
| | melon nonenoate | FL/FR |
| | methyl heptine carbonate | FL/FR |
| (E,Z)-3,6- | nonadien-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (E,Z)-3,6- | nonadien-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| (E,Z)-2,6- | nonadien-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| 3,6- | nonadien-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-6- | nonenal | FL/FR |
| | octanal diethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | octanal dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| (Z)-5- | octen-1-yl propionate | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | pentenal | FL/FR |
| 2- | pentyl furan | FL/FR |
| 2- | phenyl propionaldehyde | FL/FR |
| 3- | phenyl propionaldehyde | FL/FR |
| iso | phorone | FL |
| | rose leaf absolute (rosa centifolia) | FL/FR |
| | violet leaf oil (viola odorata) | FL/FR |
| herbal |
| sweet | basil absolute | FL/FR |
| | lovage tincture | FL/FR |
| | rosemary oleoresin | FL/FR |
| melon |
| | propyl 2,4-decadienoate | FL/FR |
| metallic |
| 2,5- | dihydroxy-1,4-dithiane | FL |
| 3-( | methyl thio) hexanol | FL/FR |
| onion |
| | methyl propyl disulfide | FL |
| solvent |
| 1- | heptanol | FL/FR |
| sulfurous |
| | dimethyl sulfide | FL/FR |
| | ethyl methyl mercaptopropionate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl methyl sulfide | FL |
| | mango thiol | FL/FR |
| S- | methyl methioninium chloride | |
| | potato butanone | FL |
| tomato |
| | methional | FL/FR |
| tropical |
| 2- | tropical oxathiane | FL/FR |
| vegetable |
| | methyl 3-(methyl thio) propionate | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| | allyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| | decanol | FL/FR |
| | hydroxycitronellal | FL/FR |
| (Z,Z)-3,6- | nonadien-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | nonen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| | nonyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | octanol | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | tetradecenal | FL/FR |
| winey |
| | methyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| |
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | hex-3-enal | | (Z+E)-3- | hexen-1-al | | 3- | hexen-1-al | | trans+cis-3- | hexen-1-al | | (Z+E)-3- | hexenal |
Articles:
|