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Category: flavoring agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 98.00 to 100.00 %
|
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Specific Gravity: | 0.96600 to 0.97000 @ 25.00 °C.
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| Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 8.038 to 8.071
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| Refractive Index: | 1.49200 to 1.49600 @ 20.00 °C.
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| Boiling Point: | 65.00 °C. @ 12.00 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 176.00 to 177.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Vapor Pressure: | 1.447000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point: | 149.00 °F. TCC ( 65.00 °C. )
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| logP (o/w): | 1.361 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water | | | water, 5476 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
| Stability: |
| | stable in most media |
Organoleptic Properties:
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
| |
| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | flavoring agents |
| Recommendation for 2-propyl pyrazine usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.12 (μg/capita/day) |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 0.10 (μg/capita/day) |
| Structure Class: | II |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 19 |
| Click here to view publication 19 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | 1.00000 | 2.00000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | 0.50000 | 1.00000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | 0.50000 | 1.00000 |
| breakfast cereal: | 1.00000 | 2.00000 |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | - | - |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | - | - |
| frozen dairy: | 0.50000 | 1.00000 |
| fruit ices: | - | - |
| gelatins / puddings: | 0.50000 | 1.00000 |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | - | - |
| hard candy: | - | - |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | - |
| meat products: | - | - |
| milk products: | - | - |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | - | - |
| poultry: | - | - |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
| snack foods: | - | - |
| soft candy: | 0.50000 | 1.00000 |
| soups: | - | - |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
| Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) reference(s): |
| The FEMA GRAS assessment of pyrazine derivatives used as flavor ingredients. View pdf |
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 17 (FGE.17): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 50 (FGE.50): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17 (2005) (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 1 (FGE.17Rev1): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) [1] View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 17, Revision 2 (FGE.17Rev2): Pyrazine derivatives from chemical group 24 View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 50, Revision 1 (FGE.50Rev1): Consideration of pyrazine derivatives evaluated by JECFA (57th meeting) structurally related to pyrazine derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.17Rev2 (2010) View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: | View |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 18138-03-9 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 87466 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WGK Germany: | 3 |
| | 2-propylpyrazine |
| Chemidplus: | 0018138039 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
| |
| For Odor |
| camphoreous |
| camphoreous |
| | butyrophenone | FL/FR |
| chocolate |
| 2- | methoxy-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,4,5- | trimethyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| ethereal |
| 2- | methyl valeraldehyde | FL/FR |
| floral |
| | hexyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| 2- | heptyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| | tropical thiazole | FL/FR |
| green |
| 2-iso | butyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | cucumber essence | FL/FR |
| | geranium thiazole | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | heptenal | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | hexen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl (E)-crotonate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl tiglate | FL/FR |
| 4- | hexenol | FL/FR |
| 2- | octen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| 1- | penten-3-ol | FL/FR |
| iso | propyl decanoate | FL/FR |
| herbal |
| 3- | butylidene phthalide | FL/FR |
| 2- | pentyl acetate | FL/FR |
| melon |
| (Z)-6- | nonen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| iso | propyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-3-pentenoic acid | FL/FR |
| | shoyu pyrazine | FL/FR |
| spicy |
| | cumin seed oil | FL/FR |
| sulfurous |
| 2- | acetyl thiophene | FL/FR |
| | grapefruit menthane | FL/FR |
| 3-( | methyl thio) hexanol | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| | propyl decanoate | FL/FR |
| |
| For Flavor |
| |
| No flavor group found for these |
| 2-iso | butyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | butyrophenone | FL/FR |
| 2,5- | diethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL |
| 2- | ethyl-4,5-dimethyl oxazole | FL |
| 2- | heptyl butyrate | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl (E)-crotonate | FL/FR |
| (E)-4- | hexenal | FL |
| | hexyl nonanoate | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl thiazole | FL |
| 4-( | methyl thio) butanol | FL |
| 2- | methyl-3-pentenoic acid | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl-6-propoxypyrazine | FL |
| | propyl decanoate | FL/FR |
| iso | propyl decanoate | FL/FR |
| 2-iso | propyl pyridine | FL |
| 2-iso | propyl-3-(methyl thio) pyrazine | FL |
| alliaceous |
| 3- | mercapto-2-pentanone | FL |
| 3- | tetrahydrothiophenone | FL |
| | tropical thiazole | FL/FR |
| bitter |
| | methyl ethoxypyrazine | FL |
| celery |
| 3- | butylidene phthalide | FL/FR |
| coffee |
| 2- | ethyl-4-methyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| 2-iso | propyl pyrazine | FL |
| dairy |
| 2- | pentyl acetate | FL/FR |
| fatty |
| 2- | octen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| 2- | pentyl thiophene | FL |
| fruity |
| 2,4- | hexadien-1-ol | FL |
| green |
| | cucumber essence | FL/FR |
| | dihydroxyacetophenone (mixed isomers) | FL |
| 2- | furyl acetone | FL |
| | geranium thiazole | FL/FR |
| (E)-2- | heptenal | FL |
| (Z)-4- | heptenal | FL/FR |
| (Z)-4- | hexen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl tiglate | FL/FR |
| 2- | hexyl pyridine | FL |
| 4- | methyl thiazole | FL |
| 3-(5- | methyl-2-furyl) butanal | FL |
| 2,4- | octadienal | FL |
| 1- | penten-3-ol | FL/FR |
| iso | propyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| | propylene glycol acetone ketal | FL |
| 2- | vinyl pyrazine | FL |
| meaty |
| | thialdine | FL |
| metallic |
| 4- | hexenol | FL/FR |
| 3-( | methyl thio) hexanol | FL/FR |
| musty |
| | shoyu pyrazine | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 2- | acetyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | aconitic acid | FL |
| 2,5- | diethyl-3-methyl pyrazine | FL |
| 2,3- | dimethyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methoxy-3-methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2- | methyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | peanut oxazole | FL |
| 2,4,5- | trimethyl thiazole | FL/FR |
| onion |
| 2- | acetyl thiophene | FL/FR |
| spicy |
| | cumin seed oil | FL/FR |
| sulfurous |
| | grapefruit menthane | FL/FR |
| | methyl benzyl disulfide | FL |
| sweet |
| | acetone alcohol | FL |
| vegetable |
| 2- | methyl valeraldehyde | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| (Z)-6- | nonen-1-ol | FL/FR |
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Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | propyl pyrazine | | 2-N- | propyl pyrazine | | 2- | propyl-1,4-diazine | | 2- | propylpyrazine | | 2-N- | propylpyrazine | | N- | propylpyrazine | | | pyrazine, 2-(n-propyl)- | | | pyrazine, 2-propyl- | | | pyrazine, N-propyl- |
Articles:
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