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Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | white to yellow crystalline powder (est) |
| Assay: | 97.00 to 100.00 %
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 128.00 to 130.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 498.00 to 499.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Flash Point: | 491.00 °F. TCC ( 255.00 °C. )
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| logP (o/w): | 2.656 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, 40 mg/L @ 18C (exp) |
| Insoluble in: |
| | water |
Organoleptic Properties:
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| Odor Type: spicy |
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| | peppery animal |
Odor Description: at 1.00 % in propylene glycol. | pepper animal |
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| Flavor Type: spicy |
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| | spicy peppery |
Taste Description:
| spicy peppery |
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| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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| Sigma-Aldrich |
| Piperine, ≥97%, FG |
| Odor Description: | pepper; animal |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | Xn - Harmful. |
R 22 - Harmful if swallowed. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection.
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 514 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY)
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983.
intravenous-mouse LD50 15.1 mg/kg Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983.
intraperitoneal-hamster LD50 105 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY)
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983.
intramuscular-mouse LD50 400 ug/kg LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983.
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 43 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY) Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983.
intravenous-mouse LD50 15100 ug/kg LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983.
oral-mouse LD50 330 mg/kg LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983.
intraperitoneal-rat LD50 34 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY)
BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
subcutaneous-mouse LD50 200 mg/kg LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Toxicology Letters. Vol. 16, Pg. 351, 1983.
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
| Recommendation for (E,E)-piperine usage levels up to: | | | 0.0100 % in the fragrance concentrate.
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| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 20.00 (μg/capita/day) |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): | 0.07 (μg/capita/day) |
| Threshold of Concern: | 90 (μg/person/day) |
| Structure Class: | III |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 3. Update in publication number(s): 29 |
| Click here to view publication 3 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | 1.30000 | 2.10000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | 0.60000 | 0.70000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | 0.90000 | 1.00000 |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | - | - |
| condiments / relishes: | 1.50000 | 2.25000 |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | 1.50000 | 2.25000 |
| frozen dairy: | 1.00000 | 1.00000 |
| fruit ices: | - | - |
| gelatins / puddings: | 1.00000 | 1.00000 |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | 1.50000 | 2.25000 |
| hard candy: | - | - |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | - |
| meat products: | 2.00000 | 3.00000 |
| milk products: | - | - |
| nut products: | 0.80000 | 1.20000 |
| other grains: | 2.04000 | 3.10000 |
| poultry: | 1.50000 | 2.25000 |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | 1.50000 | 2.25000 |
| reconstituted vegetables: | 0.80000 | 1.20000 |
| seasonings / flavors: | 2.04000 | 3.10000 |
| snack foods: | 1.50000 | 2.25000 |
| soft candy: | 1.00000 | 1.00000 |
| soups: | 1.50000 | 2.25000 |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
| European Food Safety Athority(EFSA): | Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies... |
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, (FGE.86)[1] - Consideration of aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting) - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives - Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, Revision 1 (FGE.86Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting) View page or View pdf |
Statement on List of Representative Substances for Testing.
The current Statement lays down a list of substances in sub-groups with representative substances for which additional data are required prior to their evaluation through the Procedure (Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000). View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 86, Revision 2 (FGE.86Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic and arylalkyl amines and amides evaluated by JECFA (65th meeting) View page or View pdf |
Safety and efficacy of pyridine and pyrrole derivatives belonging to chemical group 28 when used as flavourings for all animal species View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: | View |
| ClinicalTrials.gov: | search |
| Daily Med: | search |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: | Search |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 94-62-2 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 638024 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WGK Germany: | 3 |
| | (2E,4E)-5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-piperidin-1-ylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one |
| Chemidplus: | 0000094622 |
| RTECS: | TN2321500 for cas# 94-62-2 |
References:
| | (2E,4E)-5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-piperidin-1-ylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 94-62-2 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 638024 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134971294 |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
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| For Odor |
| amber |
| | angelica seed oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| anisic |
| bitter | fennel seed oil spain | FR |
| balsamic |
| | amyris wood oil | FL/FR |
| | copaiba balsam oil | FL/FR |
| | hemlock western oil (tsuga heterophylla) canada | FR |
| | opoponax oil (commiphora erythraea var. glabrescens engle) | FL/FR |
| | tolu balsam oil | FL/FR |
| citrus |
| (E)-2- | tetradecenal | FL/FR |
| earthy |
| | cabralea cangerana root bark oil | FR |
| 2- | ethyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| floral |
| alpha- | bisabolol | FL/FR |
| green |
| 2-iso | butyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| 2-sec- | butyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| | cortex pyridine | FL/FR |
| | galbanum decatriene | FL/FR |
| | galbanum oleoresin | FL/FR |
| | galbanum resinoid | FL/FR |
| (E,Z)-3,6- | nonadien-1-ol | FL/FR |
| herbal |
| | canarium luzonicum gum | FL/FR |
| | canarium luzonicum oil | FL/FR |
| mentholic |
| | cornmint oil terpeneless | FL/FR |
| laevo- | menthol | FL/FR |
| dextro,laevo- | menthol | FL/FR |
| | peppermint cyclohexanone | FL/FR |
| dextro- | piperitone | FL/FR |
| iso | pulegyl acetate | FL/FR |
| minty |
| (-)- | menthone | FL/FR |
| | pennyroyal oil | FL/FR |
| | peppermint oil idaho | FL/FR |
| | peppermint oil terpeneless | FL/FR |
| 5- and 6-iso | propyl-1,3,3-trimethyl bicyclo(2.2.2)-5,7-octadien-2-one | |
| (R)-(+)- | pulegone | FR |
| iso | pulegone | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| | shoyu pyrazine | FL/FR |
| peppery |
| | asarum europaeum oil | FR |
| 1,5- | dimethyl-3-n-propyl-2-oxabicyclo(2.2.2)octane | |
| spicy |
| | agarospirol | FR |
| | atractylis root oil | FR |
| 4- | carvomenthenol | FL/FR |
| | croton eluteria bark oil | FL/FR |
| | cumin seed oil | FL/FR |
| | ethyl vinyl ketone | FL/FR |
| | eucalyptus numerosa type oil | |
| | grains of paradise oil | FL/FR |
| | myrcene | FR |
| black | pepper absolute | FL/FR |
| | pepper hexanone | FR |
| black | pepper oil | FL/FR |
| black | pepper oleoresin | FL/FR |
| | pepper tree berry oil | FL/FR |
| | zvoulimba leaf oil | FR |
| terpenic |
| | angelica seed oil | FL/FR |
| | elemi resinoid | FL/FR |
| | frankincense oil | FL/FR |
| | juniperus communis fruit oil | FL/FR |
| laevo- | limonene | FL/FR |
| alpha- | phellandrene | FL/FR |
| woody |
| | caryophyllene formate | FL/FR |
| alpha- | guaiene | FL/FR |
| | methyl vetivate | FR |
| | spikenard oil | FL/FR |
| | sugi wood oil | FR |
| | xanthoxylum alatum roxb. oil | FR |
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| For Flavor |
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| No flavor group found for these |
| alpha- | bisabolol | FL/FR |
| | caryophyllene formate | FL/FR |
| 2- | ethyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| | eucalyptus numerosa type oil | |
| | grains of paradise oil | FL/FR |
| | green pea pyrazine | FL |
| alpha- | guaiene | FL/FR |
| 2- | methoxy-3-propyl pyrazine | FL |
| 5- and 6-iso | propyl-1,3,3-trimethyl bicyclo(2.2.2)-5,7-octadien-2-one | |
| iso | pulegone | FL/FR |
| | spikenard oil | FL/FR |
| amber |
| | angelica seed oil | FL/FR |
| balsamic |
| | copaiba balsam oil | FL/FR |
| | opoponax oil (commiphora erythraea var. glabrescens engle) | FL/FR |
| | tolu balsam oil | FL/FR |
| cooling |
| 4- | carvomenthenol | FL/FR |
| laevo- | menthol | FL/FR |
| dextro,laevo- | menthol | FL/FR |
| green |
| 2-iso | butyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| | canarium luzonicum gum | FL/FR |
| | canarium luzonicum oil | FL/FR |
| | cortex pyridine | FL/FR |
| | elemi resinoid | FL/FR |
| | galbanum decatriene | FL/FR |
| | galbanum oleoresin | FL/FR |
| | galbanum resinoid | FL/FR |
| (E,Z)-3,6- | nonadien-1-ol | FL/FR |
| herbal |
| | angelica seed oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| mentholic |
| | cornmint oil terpeneless | FL/FR |
| | peppermint cyclohexanone | FL/FR |
| minty |
| (-)- | menthone | FL/FR |
| | pennyroyal oil | FL/FR |
| | peppermint oil idaho | FL/FR |
| | peppermint oil terpeneless | FL/FR |
| dextro- | piperitone | FL/FR |
| musty |
| | shoyu pyrazine | FL/FR |
| peppery |
| 1,5- | dimethyl-3-n-propyl-2-oxabicyclo(2.2.2)octane | |
| spicy |
| | croton eluteria bark oil | FL/FR |
| | cubeb oleoresin | FL |
| | cumin seed oil | FL/FR |
| | ethyl vinyl ketone | FL/FR |
| black | pepper absolute | FL/FR |
| black | pepper oil | FL/FR |
| white | pepper oleoresin | FL |
| black | pepper oleoresin | FL/FR |
| | pepper tree berry oil | FL/FR |
| terpenic |
| | juniperus communis fruit oil | FL/FR |
| laevo- | limonene | FL/FR |
| alpha- | phellandrene | FL/FR |
| vegetable |
| 2-sec- | butyl-3-methoxypyrazine | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| (E)-2- | tetradecenal | FL/FR |
| woody |
| | amyris wood oil | FL/FR |
| | frankincense oil | FL/FR |
| iso | pulegyl acetate | FL/FR |
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Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| (2E,4E)-5- | benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl-1-piperidin-1-yl-penta-2,4-dien-1-one | | (2E,4E)-5-(2H- | benzo[3,4-d]1,3-dioxolen-5-yl)-1-piperidylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one | | (2E,4E)-5-( | benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-1-(piperidin-1-yl)penta-2,4-dien-1-one | | (2E,4E)-5-(1,3- | benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-(1-piperidinyl)-2,4-pentadien-1-one | | (2E,4E)-5-(1,3- | benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-(piperidin-1-yl)penta-2,4-dien-1-one | | 1-((E,E)-5-(1,3- | benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl) piperidine | | (E,E)-1-(5-(1,3- | benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl)piperidine | | (E,E) 1-[5-(1,3- | benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl]piperidine | | (E,E)-1-[5-(1,3- | benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl]piperidine | | 1-[(2E,4E)-5-(1,3- | benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl]piperidine | | (2E,4E)-5-(1,3- | benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-piperidin-1-ylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one | | 1-[(2E,4E)-5-(1,3- | benzodioxol-5-yl)-2,4-pentadienoyl]piperidine | | 1-[(2E,4E)-5-(1,3- | benzodioxol-5-yl)penta-2,4-dienoyl]piperidine | | | bioperine | | | piperidine, 1-((2E,4E)-5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl)- | | | piperidine, 1-(5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl)-, (E,E)- | | | piperidine, 1-[(2E,4E)-5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl]- | | | piperidine, 1-[5- (1, 3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl]-, (E,E)- | | | piperidine, 1-[5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl]-, (E,E)- | | | piperidine, 1-piperoyl-, (E,E)- | | | piperine natural | | (E,E)- | piperoyl piperidine | | (E,E)-1- | piperoyl piperidine | | N-(E,E)- | piperoyl-piperidine | | N-[(E,E)- | piperoyl]-piperidine | | N-[(E,E)- | piperoyl]piperidine | | (E,E)- | piperoylpiperidine | | (E,E)-1- | piperoylpiperidine | | 1- | piperoylpiperidine, (E,E)- |
Articles:
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