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Category: natural substances and extractives
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00 %
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 7.182e+005 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
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| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | natural substances and extractives |
| Recommendation for epidermin usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for epidermin flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
| EPI System: | View |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 14559841 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| | 3-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybutanenitrile |
References:
| | 3-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybutanenitrile |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Pubchem (cid): | 14559841 |
| Pubchem (cas): | 126050-09-7 |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| 3- | methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxybutanenitrile |
Articles:
| PubMed: | Carboxyl Analogue of Mutacin 1140, a Scaffold for Lead Antibacterial Discovery. |
| PubMed: | Fibrous Protein Structures: Hierarchy, History and Heroes. |
| PubMed: | Biosynthesis of the leucine derived α-, β- and γ-hydroxynitrile glucosides in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). |
| PubMed: | Whole-Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus epidermidis Tü3298. |
| PubMed: | Antagonism between Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes and its genomic basis. |
| PubMed: | Structure and protective efficacy of the Staphylococcus aureus autocleaving protease EpiP. |
| PubMed: | Epidermin and gallidermin: Staphylococcal lantibiotics. |
| PubMed: | Site-directed mutations in the lanthipeptide mutacin 1140. |
| PubMed: | Isolation, biochemical characterization, and cloning of a bacteriocin from the poultry-associated Staphylococcus aureus strain CH-91. |
| PubMed: | Hyicin 3682, a bioactive peptide produced by Staphylococcus hyicus 3682 with potential applications for food preservation. |
| PubMed: | Biosynthesis of aminovinyl-cysteine-containing peptides and its application in the production of potential drug candidates. |
| PubMed: | Xenobiotic metabolism gene expression in the EpiDermin vitro 3D human epidermis model compared to human skin. |
| PubMed: | Staphylococcal antimicrobial peptides: relevant properties and potential biotechnological applications. |
| PubMed: | Microtiter plate bioassay to monitor the interference of antibiotics with the lipid II cycle essential for peptidoglycan biosynthesis. |
| PubMed: | Activity of staphylococcal bacteriocins against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae involved in bovine mastitis. |
| PubMed: | Peptide-like substances as antimicrobial barriers to Corynebacterium sp. adhesion to silicone catheters. |
| PubMed: | Comparative genomics of Canadian epidemic lineages of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. |
| PubMed: | Bacteriocins Pep5 and epidermin inhibit Staphylococcus epidermidis adhesion to catheters. |
| PubMed: | Insights into in vivo activities of lantibiotics from gallidermin and epidermin mode-of-action studies. |
| PubMed: | Bacteriocins as alternative agents for control of multiresistant staphylococcal strains. |
| PubMed: | Control of antimicrobial peptide synthesis by the agr quorum sensing system in Staphylococcus epidermidis: activity of the lantibiotic epidermin is regulated at the level of precursor peptide processing. |
| PubMed: | Crystal structure of the plant PPC decarboxylase AtHAL3a complexed with an ene-thiol reaction intermediate. |
| PubMed: | Chemistry and biology of the ramoplanin family of peptide antibiotics. |
| PubMed: | Mode of action of modified and unmodified bacteriocins from Gram-positive bacteria. |
| PubMed: | Combination of antibiotic mechanisms in lantibiotics. |
| PubMed: | Electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry to reveal the substrate specificity of the peptidyl-cysteine decarboxylase EpiD. |
| PubMed: | Leucine-derived cyano glucosides in barley. |
| PubMed: | Multiple activities in lantibiotics--models for the design of novel antibiotics? |
| PubMed: | The flavoprotein MrsD catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation reaction involved in formation of the peptidoglycan biosynthesis inhibitor mersacidin. |
| PubMed: | Molecular characterization of the 4'-phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase domain of bacterial Dfp flavoproteins. |
| PubMed: | Comparison of the activity spectra against pathogens of bacterial strains producing a mutacin or a lantibiotic. |
| PubMed: | Arabidopsis thaliana flavoprotein AtHAL3a catalyzes the decarboxylation of 4'-Phosphopantothenoylcysteine to 4'-phosphopantetheine, a key step in coenzyme A biosynthesis. |
| PubMed: | Dual role of GdmH in producer immunity and secretion of the Staphylococcal lantibiotics gallidermin and epidermin. |
| PubMed: | Crystal structure of the peptidyl-cysteine decarboxylase EpiD complexed with a pentapeptide substrate. |
| PubMed: | Covalent structure of mutacin 1140 and a novel method for the rapid identification of lantibiotics. |
| PubMed: | Posttranslationally modified bacteriocins--the lantibiotics. |
| PubMed: | Purification and biochemical characterization of mutacin I from the group I strain of Streptococcus mutans, CH43, and genetic analysis of mutacin I biosynthesis genes. |
| PubMed: | Molecular characterization of lantibiotic-synthesizing enzyme EpiD reveals a function for bacterial Dfp proteins in coenzyme A biosynthesis. |
| PubMed: | New insights into the mechanism of action of lantibiotics--diverse biological effects by binding to the same molecular target. |
| PubMed: | Chemistry, biochemistry, nutrition, and microbiology of lysinoalanine, lanthionine, and histidinoalanine in food and other proteins. |
| PubMed: | Purification of mutacin III from group III Streptococcus mutans UA787 and genetic analyses of mutacin III biosynthesis genes. |
| PubMed: | Lysinoalanine in food and in antimicrobial proteins. |
| PubMed: | Role of lipid-bound peptidoglycan precursors in the formation of pores by nisin, epidermin and other lantibiotics. |
| PubMed: | Producer self-protection against the lantibiotic epidermin by the ABC transporter EpiFEG of Staphylococcus epidermidis Tü3298. |
| PubMed: | Genetic and biochemical analysis of mutacin 1140, a lantibiotic from Streptococcus mutans. |
| PubMed: | In vivo reaction of affinity-tag-labelled epidermin precursor peptide with flavoenzyme EpiD. |
| PubMed: | Purification and structure of mutacin B-Ny266: a new lantibiotic produced by Streptococcus mutans. |
| PubMed: | Quorum sensing by peptide pheromones and two-component signal-transduction systems in Gram-positive bacteria. |
| PubMed: | Secretion of the lantibiotics epidermin and gallidermin: sequence analysis of the genes gdmT and gdmH, their influence on epidermin production and their regulation by EpiQ. |
| PubMed: | The enethiolate anion reaction products of EpiD. Pka value of the enethiol side chain is lower than that of the thiol side chain of peptides. |
| PubMed: | Isolation of a new epidermin variant from two strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis--frequency of lantibiotic production in coagulase-negative staphylococci. |
| PubMed: | Inducible production and cellular location of the epidermin biosynthetic enzyme EpiB using an improved staphylococcal expression system. |
| PubMed: | Genetic determinants for the biosynthesis of nisin, a bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis. |
| PubMed: | Expression, purification, and characterization of EpiC, an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the lantibiotic epidermin, and sequence analysis of Staphylococcus epidermidis epiC mutants. |
| PubMed: | Comparison of lantibiotic gene clusters and encoded proteins. |
| PubMed: | Protein engineering of lantibiotics. |
| PubMed: | Immunity to lantibiotics. |
| PubMed: | Post-translational modifications of lantibiotics. |
| PubMed: | The biosynthesis of the lantibiotics epidermin, gallidermin, Pep5 and epilancin K7. |
| PubMed: | Analysis of the Staphylococcus epidermidis genes epiF, -E, and -G involved in epidermin immunity. |
| PubMed: | Serine protease EpiP from Staphylococcus epidermidis catalyzes the processing of the epidermin precursor peptide. |
| PubMed: | Isolation and characterization of genetically engineered gallidermin and epidermin analogs. |
| PubMed: | Elucidation of the primary structure of the lantibiotic epilancin K7 from Staphylococcus epidermidis K7. Cloning and characterisation of the epilancin-K7-encoding gene and NMR analysis of mature epilancin K7. |
| PubMed: | Oxidative decarboxylation of peptides catalyzed by flavoprotein EpiD. Determination of substrate specificity using peptide libraries and neutral loss mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of some lantibiotics. |
| PubMed: | Mass spectroscopic analysis of a novel enzymatic reaction. Oxidative decarboxylation of the lantibiotic precursor peptide EpiA catalyzed by the flavoprotein EpiD. |
| PubMed: | Staphylococcin 1580 is identical to the lantibiotic epidermin: implications for the nature of bacteriocins from gram-positive bacteria. |
| PubMed: | Growth phase-dependent regulation and membrane localization of SpaB, a protein involved in biosynthesis of the lantibiotic subtilin. |
| PubMed: | Gene-encoded antibiotics made in bacteria. |
| PubMed: | [Lantibiotics, a class of ribosomally synthesized peptide antibiotics]. |
| PubMed: | Purification and characterization of EpiA, the peptide substrate for post-translational modifications involved in epidermin biosynthesis. |
| PubMed: | Regulation of epidermin biosynthetic genes by EpiQ. |
| PubMed: | Biosynthesis of the lantibiotic nisin: genomic organization and membrane localization of the NisB protein. |
| PubMed: | Purification and characterization of EpiD, a flavoprotein involved in the biosynthesis of the lantibiotic epidermin. |
| PubMed: | [Lantibiotics]. |
| PubMed: | Lantibiotic-mediated anti-lactobacillus activity of a vaginal Staphylococcus aureus isolate. |
| PubMed: | Genetic analysis of epidermin biosynthetic genes and epidermin-negative mutants of Staphylococcus epidermidis. |
| PubMed: | Analysis of genes involved in the biosynthesis of lantibiotic epidermin. |
| PubMed: | Analysis of genes involved in biosynthesis of the lantibiotic subtilin. |
| PubMed: | Comparative studies on the fermentative production of lantibiotics by staphylococci. |
| PubMed: | Structural gene isolation and prepeptide sequence of gallidermin, a new lanthionine containing antibiotic. |
| PubMed: | Nisin, a peptide antibiotic: cloning and sequencing of the nisA gene and posttranslational processing of its peptide product. |
| PubMed: | Structure, expression, and evolution of a gene encoding the precursor of nisin, a small protein antibiotic. |
| PubMed: | Gallidermin: a new lanthionine-containing polypeptide antibiotic. |
| PubMed: | Prepeptide sequence of epidermin, a ribosomally synthesized antibiotic with four sulphide-rings. |
| PubMed: | Epidermin: sequencing of a heterodetic tetracyclic 21-peptide amide antibiotic. |
| PubMed: | A comparative study of myosins and prekeratin in epithelial cells of methacarn-fixed tissues. |
| PubMed: | Mallory bodies: lesions of hepatocytes containing proteins of the keratin-myosin-epidermin group. |
| PubMed: | An electron microscope study of the epidermis of mammalian skin in thin sections. I. Dermo-epidermal junction and basal cell layer. |
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