betalamic acid
 
Notes:
None found
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CAS Number: 18766-66-0Picture of molecule3D/inchi
XlogP3-AA: -0.30 (est)
Molecular Weight: 211.17373000
Formula: C9 H9 N O5
NMR Predictor: Predict (works with chrome or firefox)
Category: natural substances and extractives
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00 % 
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Soluble in:
 water, 8.214e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
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Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
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Cosmetic Information:
None found
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Suppliers:
 None found
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Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: natural substances and extractives
Recommendation for betalamic acid usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for betalamic acid flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
EPI System: View
Cancer Citations: Search
Toxicology Citations: Search
EPA ACToR: Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : 5281176
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
 (2S,4E)-4-(2-oxoethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid
Chemidplus: 0018766660
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References:
 (2S,4E)-4-(2-oxoethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid
NIST Chemistry WebBook: Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid): 5281176
Pubchem (cas): 18766-66-0
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Other Information:
(IUPAC): Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos: The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc: Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC): Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI: View
CHEMBL: View
KEGG (GenomeNet): C08538
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): HMDB29842
FooDB: FDB001057
VCF-Online: VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider: View
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Potential Blenders and core components note
 
None Found
 
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Potential Uses:
None Found
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 beet plant
Search Trop  Picture
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Synonyms:
(2S,4E)-4-(2-oxoethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid
2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4-(oxoethylidene)-, (S-(E))-
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Articles:
PubMed: Revisiting the Mechanism of Hydrolysis of Betanin.
PubMed: Bioproduction of a betalain color palette in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
PubMed: Cytosolic and Nuclear Co-localization of Betalain Biosynthetic Enzymes in Tobacco Suggests that Betalains Are Synthesized in the Cytoplasm and/or Nucleus of Betalainic Plant Cells.
PubMed: Chemical and Antioxidant Properties of Betalains.
PubMed: Encapsulating betalains from Opuntia ficus-indica fruits by ionic gelation: Pigment chemical stability during storage of beads.
PubMed: Stabilization of betalains: A review.
PubMed: Theoretical Determination of the pK a Values of Betalamic Acid Related to the Free Radical Scavenger Capacity: Comparison Between Empirical and Quantum Chemical Methods.
PubMed: Plant betalains: Chemistry and biochemistry.
PubMed: Biochemical analysis of Phytolacca DOPA dioxygenase.
PubMed: Comparative analysis of two DOPA dioxygenases from Phytolacca Americana.
PubMed: Lineage-specific gene radiations underlie the evolution of novel betalain pigmentation in Caryophyllales.
PubMed: Production of dihydroxylated betalains and dopamine in cell suspension cultures of Celosia argentea var. plumosa.
PubMed: Biological Activities of Plant Pigments Betalains.
PubMed: One-step synthesis of betalains using a novel betalamic acid derivatized support.
PubMed: Characterisation and determination of in vitro antioxidant potential of betalains from Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd.
PubMed: Escherichia coli protein YgiD produces the structural unit of plant pigments betalains: characterization of a prokaryotic enzyme with DOPA-extradiol-dioxygenase activity.
PubMed: A nature-inspired betalainic probe for live-cell imaging of Plasmodium-infected erythrocytes.
PubMed: Purification and antiradical properties of the structural unit of betalains.
PubMed: Characterization of recombinant Beta vulgaris 4,5-DOPA-extradiol-dioxygenase active in the biosynthesis of betalains.
PubMed: In vitro synthesis of betaxanthins using recombinant DOPA 4,5-dioxygenase and evaluation of their radical-scavenging activities.
PubMed: Structural implications on color, fluorescence, and antiradical activity in betalains.
PubMed: Detection of DOPA 4,5-dioxygenase (DOD) activity using recombinant protein prepared from Escherichia coli cells harboring cDNA encoding DOD from Mirabilis jalapa.
PubMed: In vitro digestion of betalainic foods. Stability and bioaccessibility of betaxanthins and betacyanins and antioxidative potential of food digesta.
PubMed: Pigments of fly agaric (Amanita muscaria).
PubMed: A method for identification of diastereomers of 2-decarboxy-betacyanins and 2,17-bidecarboxy-betacyanins in reversed-phase HPLC.
PubMed: Amino acid composition and betaxanthin formation in fruits from Opuntia ficus-indica.
PubMed: Development of a protocol for the semi-synthesis and purification of betaxanthins.
PubMed: HPLC characterization of betalains from plants in the amaranthaceae.
PubMed: A novel method using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection for the determination of betaxanthins.
PubMed: Betaxanthin formation and free amino acids in hairy roots of Beta vulgaris var. lutea depending on nutrient medium and glutamate or glutamine feeding.
PubMed: Detection of UDP-glucose:cyclo-DOPA 5-O-glucosyltransferase activity in four o'clocks (Mirabilis jalapa L.).
PubMed: Characterization and functional identification of a novel plant 4,5-extradiol dioxygenase involved in betalain pigment biosynthesis in Portulaca grandiflora.
PubMed: Recent advances in betalain research.
PubMed: Identification of betalains from yellow beet (Beta vulgaris L.) and cactus pear [Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.] by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Betanidin formation from dihydroxyphenylalanine in a model assay system.
PubMed: Betalains of Celosia argentea.
PubMed: Characterization of betacyanin oxidation catalyzed by a peroxidase from Beta vulgaris L. roots.
PubMed: Betalains and phenolics in red beetroot (Beta vulgaris) peel extracts: extraction and characterisation.
PubMed: Formation and occurrence of dopamine-derived betacyanins.
PubMed: Betalains from Christmas cactus.
PubMed: The decisive step in betaxanthin biosynthesis is a spontaneous reaction1
PubMed: Identification of betanin degradation products.
PubMed: Biosynthesis of betalaines. On the cleavage of the aromatic ring during the enzymatic transformation of dopa into betalamic acid.
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