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synthetic peptide consisting of glutamic acid and lysine
Notes:
In non-diabetic kidney scarring the protein crosslinking enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTg) has been implicated in the process by the formation of increased epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine bonds between ECM components in both experimental and human disease. Changes in tTg and epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine occur in human Diabetic nephropathy as well, the leading cause of chronic kidney failure. (PMID 15292688)
In Parkinson's disease (PD), conformational changes in the alpha-synuclein monomer precede the formation of Lewy bodies. Both tTG and its substrate-characteristic N(epsilon)-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine crosslink are increased in PD nigral dopamine neurons. (PMID 15001552)
Expression of tissue transglutaminase (tTgase) and epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine was present in all scarring of the blebs sites, being the main cause of failure in glaucoma filtration surgery. Transglutaminases are calcium-dependent enzymes that catalyze the posttranslational modification of proteins through an acyl transfer reaction between the gamma-carboxamide group of a peptide-bound glutaminyl residue and various amines. Covalent cross-linking using epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine bonds is stable and resistant to enzymatic, chemical, and mechanical disruption. (PMID: 16936095) [HMDB]
| Name: | (2R)-2-amino-6-[[(4S)-4-amino-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]hexanoic acid | |
| CAS Number: | 17105-15-6 |  3D/inchi
|
| MDL: | MFCD00055787 | |
| XlogP3-AA: | -6.30 (est) | |
| Molecular Weight: | 275.30537000 | |
| Formula: | C11 H21 N3 O5 | |
| NMR Predictor: | Predict (works with chrome or firefox) | |
Category: hair conditioning, humectants, skin conditioning
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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Physical Properties:
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00 % |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Soluble in: | |
| water, 1.177e+005 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). | |
Cosmetic Information:
| CosIng: | cosmetic data |
| Cosmetic Uses: |
hair conditioning humectants skin conditioning |
Suppliers:
| Sigma-Aldrich: Sigma |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| ?-Glu-e-Lys |
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| None found. | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram | |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | hair conditioning, humectants, skin conditioning | ||
| Recommendation for dipeptide-9 usage levels up to: | |||
| not for fragrance use. | |||
| Recommendation for dipeptide-9 flavor usage levels up to: | |||
| not for flavor use. | |||
Safety References:
| EPI System: | View |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| (2R)-2-amino-6-[[(4S)-4-amino-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]hexanoic acid | |
| Chemidplus: | 0017105156 |
References:
| (2R)-2-amino-6-[[(4S)-4-amino-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]hexanoic acid | |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Pubchem (cid): | 6427014 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 135023015 |
Other Information:
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB03869 |
| FooDB: | FDB023239 |
| ChemSpider: | View |
Potential Blenders and core components note
| None Found | ||
Potential Uses:
| None Found |
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
| not found in nature |
Synonyms:
| (2R)-2- | amino-6-[[(4S)-4-amino-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]hexanoic acid |
| synthetic peptide consisting of glutamic acid and lysine |