bittern
salt solution that remains after sodium chloride has been crystallized out of seawater or brine
 
Notes:
None found
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Category: emulsion stabilising, humectant agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar: Search
Google Books: Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Google Patents: Search
US Patents: Search
EU Patents: Search
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Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00 % 
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
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Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
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Cosmetic Information:
CosIng: cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: emulsion stabilisers
humectants
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Suppliers:
 None found
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Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: emulsion stabilising, humectant agents
Recommendation for bittern usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for bittern flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
None found
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References:
None found
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Other Information:
VCF-Online: VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
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Potential Blenders and core components note
 
None Found
 
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Potential Uses:
None Found
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 found in nature
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Synonyms:
 salt solution that remains after sodium chloride has been crystallized out of seawater or brine
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Articles:
PubMed: Assessment of fertilizer potential of the struvite produced from the treatment of methanogenic landfill leachate using low-cost reagents.
PubMed: Visceral urate deposition in a little bittern (Ixobrychus minutus).
PubMed: Probing the selective separation of potassium ion from sodium ion with cyclopentadienyl anion as receptor: a computational study.
PubMed: Recovery and removal of nutrients from swine wastewater by using a novel integrated reactor for struvite decomposition and recycling.
PubMed: A case report of bittern intoxication.
PubMed: Recovery and removal of ammonia-nitrogen and phosphate from swine wastewater by internal recycling of struvite chlorination product.
PubMed: Phosphorus recovery from urine with different magnesium resources in an air-agitated reactor.
PubMed: The mitochondrial genome of Ixobrychus flavicollis (Ardeidae: Ixobrychus).
PubMed: Coagulation of highly turbid suspensions using magnesium hydroxide: effects of slow mixing conditions.
PubMed: Recovery of ammonia in digestates of calf manure through a struvite precipitation process using unconventional reagents.
PubMed: Mineral composition of seawater bittern nigari products and their effects on changing of browning and antioxidant activity in the glucose/lysine maillard reaction.
PubMed: Host preference of the arbovirus vector Culex erraticus (Diptera: Culicidae) at Sonso Lake, Cauca Valley Department, Colombia.
PubMed: The mitochondrial genome of the Cinnamon Bittern, Ixobrychus cinnamomeus (Pelecaniformes: Ardeidae): sequence, structure and phylogenetic analysis.
PubMed: Brazilian solar saltworks - ancient uses and future possibilities.
PubMed: Presence of CP4-EPSPS component in roundup ready soybean-derived food products.
PubMed: Wood ash as a magnesium source for phosphorus recovery from source-separated urine.
PubMed: Molecular community analysis of magnesium-rich bittern brine recovered from a Tunisian solar saltern.
PubMed: Recovering phosphorus as struvite from the digested swine wastewater with bittern as a magnesium source.
PubMed: New primers for sex identification in the Chinese egret and other ardeid species.
PubMed: Low-cost struvite production using source-separated urine in Nepal.
PubMed: Effects of magnesium on postprandial serum lipid responses in healthy human subjects.
PubMed: Preventive effect of co-administration of water containing magnesium ion on indomethacin induced lesions of gastric mucosa in adjuvant-induced arthritis rat.
PubMed: Trombiculidae larvae (Neotrombicula autumnalis) infestation in a Little Bittern (Ixobrychus minutus) in Turkey.
PubMed: Preventive effect of water containing magnesium ion on paw edema in adjuvant-induced arthritis rat.
PubMed: Artificial neural network: predicted vs observed survival in patients with colonic cancer.
PubMed: Avian tuberculosis in naturally infected captive water birds of the Ardeideae and Threskiornithidae families studied by serotyping, IS901 RFLP typing, and virulence for poultry.
PubMed: Persistent organochlorine residues in livers of six species of Ciconiiformes (aves) from Spain.
PubMed: Removal of low-concentration phosphorus using a fluidized raw dolomite bed.
PubMed: Modelling wetland bird response to water level changes in the Lake Ontario - St. Lawrence River hydrosystem.
PubMed: [Study on the determination of trace caesium in bittern by extraction separation graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry].
PubMed: Lexicality, morphological structure, and semantic transparency in the processing of German ver-verbs: The complementarity of on-line and off-line evidence.
PubMed: Removal of nitrogen and phosphate from wastewater by addition of bittern.
PubMed: MAP precipitation from landfill leachate and seawater bittern waste.
PubMed: The effect of stimulus form and dimensions on the oral size illusion in humans.
PubMed: Heavy metal and selenium levels in birds at Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge, Minnesota: Food chain differences.
PubMed: Carcinoma with concurrent haemosiderosis in an Australian bittern (Botaurus poidloptilus).
PubMed: Natural infections of Clinostomum complanatum (Trematoda: Clinostomatidae) in wild herons and egrets, Tottori Prefecture, Japan.
PubMed: Rates of single-copy DNA evolution in herons.
PubMed: [Observations on the short-term effect of Lu-jian (dried bittern) on hyperlipoproteinemia in 94 cases (author's transl)].
PubMed: MITES (FAMILY TROMBICULIDAE) PARASITIZING BIRDS MIGRATING FROM AFRICA TO EUROPE.
PubMed: THE LEAST BITTERN.
PubMed: The least bittern in Newfoundland.
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