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Category: antioxidant, bleaching, skin conditioning
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00 %
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 9.591e+005 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
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| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | antioxidant, bleaching, skin conditioning |
| Recommendation for alpha-arbutin usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for alpha-arbutin flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
References:
| | (2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Pubchem (cid): | 158637 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 135114345 |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| a-D- | glucopyranoside, 4-hydroxyphenyl | | (2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-( | hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol | | 4- | hydroxyphenyl a-D-glucopyranoside | | 4- | hydroxyphenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside |
Articles:
| PubMed: | Assessment of a Novel Anti-Aging Hand Cream. |
| PubMed: | Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer safety (SCCS) - Opinion on the safety of the use of α-arbutin in cosmetic products. |
| PubMed: | Comparative studies on the chemical and enzymatic stability of alpha- and beta-arbutin. |
| PubMed: | Quantitative Determination of α-Arbutin, β-Arbutin, Kojic Acid, Nicotinamide, Hydroquinone, Resorcinol, 4-Methoxyphenol, 4-Ethoxyphenol, and Ascorbic Acid from Skin Whitening Products by HPLC-UV. |
| PubMed: | Dual effects of alpha-arbutin on monophenolase and diphenolase activities of mushroom tyrosinase. |
| PubMed: | Penetration depth, concentration and efficiency of transdermal α-arbutin delivery after ultrasound treatment with albumin-shelled microbubbles in mice. |
| PubMed: | Triterpenoids from Fragaria ananassa calyx and their inhibitory effects on melanogenesis in B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells. |
| PubMed: | Feeding strategies for the enhanced production of α-arbutin in the fed-batch fermentation of Xanthomonas maltophilia BT-112. |
| PubMed: | [Properties of sucrose phosphorylase from recombinant Escherichia coli and enzymatic synthesis of alpha-arbutin]. |
| PubMed: | Isolation of α-arbutin from Xanthomonas CGMCC 1243 fermentation broth by macroporous resin adsorption chromatography. |
| PubMed: | Screening of high α-arbutin producing strains and production of α-arbutin by fermentation. |
| PubMed: | Biotechnological production of arbutins (α- and β-arbutins), skin-lightening agents, and their derivatives. |
| PubMed: | High-yield enzymatic bioconversion of hydroquinone to α-arbutin, a powerful skin lightening agent, by amylosucrase. |
| PubMed: | Sucrose isomerase and its mutants from Erwinia rhapontici can synthesise α-arbutin. |
| PubMed: | Experimental study on cross-reactivity of alpha-arbutin toward p-phenylenediamine and hydroquinone in guinea pigs. |
| PubMed: | Treatment of refractory melasma with the MedLite C6 Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and alpha arbutin: a prospective study. |
| PubMed: | [Determination of alpha-arbutin, beta-arbutin and niacinamide in cosmetics by high performance liquid chromatography]. |
| PubMed: | Treatment of refractory dermal melasma with the MedLite C6 Q-switched Nd:YAG laser: two case reports. |
| PubMed: | High cell density cultivation of Escherichia coli with surface anchored transglucosidase for use as whole-cell biocatalyst for alpha-arbutin synthesis. |
| PubMed: | Modulating effects of a novel skin-lightening agent, alpha-lipoic acid derivative, on melanin production by the formation of DOPA conjugate products. |
| PubMed: | Surface display of transglucosidase on Escherichia coli by using the ice nucleation protein of Xanthomonas campestris and its application in glucosylation of hydroquinone. |
| PubMed: | A new synthesis of alpha-arbutin via Lewis acid catalyzed selective glycosylation of tetra-O-benzyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate with hydroquinone. |
| PubMed: | Syntheses of alpha-arbutin-alpha-glycosides and their inhibitory effects on human tyrosinase. |
| PubMed: | Enzymatic synthesis of alpha-arbutin by alpha-anomer-selective glucosylation of hydroquinone using lyophilized cells of Xanthomonas campestris WU-9701. |
| PubMed: | Inhibitory effects of alpha-arbutin on melanin synthesis in cultured human melanoma cells and a three-dimensional human skin model. |
| PubMed: | Syntheses of arbutin-alpha-glycosides and a comparison of their inhibitory effects with those of alpha-arbutin and arbutin on human tyrosinase. |
| PubMed: | Effects of alpha- and beta-arbutin on activity of tyrosinases from mushroom and mouse melanoma. |
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