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Category: natural substances and extractives
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00 %
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Boiling Point: | 723.10 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
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| Flash Point: | 736.00 °F. TCC ( 391.10 °C. ) (est)
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| logP (o/w): | 5.500 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 0.004538 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
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| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | natural substances and extractives |
| Recommendation for ginsenoside CK usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for ginsenoside CK flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| (3b,12b)-3,12- | dihydroxydammar-24-en-20-yl b-D-glucopyranoside | | 20(S)- | ginsenoside C-K | | | ginsenoside compound K | | | ginsenoside K |
Articles:
| PubMed: | Based on SERS conformational studies of ginsenoside Rb1 and its metabolites before and after combined with human serum albumin. |
| PubMed: | Ginsenoside compound K-bearing glycol chitosan conjugates: synthesis, physicochemical characterization, and in vitro biological studies. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis and pharmacokinetic characterization of a pH-sensitive polyethylene glycol ginsenoside CK (PEG-CK) conjugate. |
| PubMed: | Compound K protects pancreatic islet cells against apoptosis through inhibition of the AMPK/JNK pathway in type 2 diabetic mice and in MIN6 β-cells. |
| PubMed: | One-month toxicokinetic study of SHENMAI injection in rats. |
| PubMed: | Ginsenoside metabolite compound k alleviates adjuvant-induced arthritis by suppressing T cell activation. |
| PubMed: | Bioconversion of ginsenosides in the american ginseng ( xī yáng shēn) extraction residue by fermentation with lingzhi ( líng zhī, ganoderma lucidum). |
| PubMed: | Ginsenoside compound K induces apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via activation of apoptosis-inducing factor. |
| PubMed: | Ginsenoside compound K inhibits angiogenesis via regulation of sphingosine kinase-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. |
| PubMed: | Ginsenoside metabolite compound K stimulates glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in NCI-H716 cells via bile acid receptor activation. |
| PubMed: | Ginsenoside metabolite compound K promotes recovery of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis and inhibits inflammatory responses by suppressing NF-κB activation. |
| PubMed: | Ginsenoside metabolites inhibit P-glycoprotein in vitro and in situ using three absorption models. |
| PubMed: | Ginsenoside metabolite compound K attenuates inflammatory responses of adjuvant-induced arthritis rats. |
| PubMed: | Differential effects of ginsenoside metabolites on slowly activating delayed rectifier K(+) and KCNQ1 K(+) channel currents. |
| PubMed: | Pharmacokinetic study of ginsenoside Rc and simultaneous determination of its metabolites in rats using RRLC-Q-TOF-MS. |
| PubMed: | Biotransformation of ginsenoside Rd in the ginseng extraction residue by fermentation with lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum). |
| PubMed: | Compound K induces apoptosis of bladder cancer T24 cells via reactive oxygen species-mediated p38 MAPK pathway. |
| PubMed: | Production of ginsenoside aglycons and Rb1 deglycosylation pathway profiling by HPLC and ESI-MS/MS using Sphingobacterium multivorum GIN723. |
| PubMed: | Effects of ginsenoside Rg3 on α9α10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated ion currents. |
| PubMed: | Inhibitory Effects of Ginsenoside Metabolites, Compound K and Protopanaxatriol, on GABAC Receptor-Mediated Ion Currents. |
| PubMed: | Compound K, a final intestinal metabolite of ginsenosides, enhances insulin secretion in MIN6 pancreatic β-cells by upregulation of GLUT2. |
| PubMed: | Compound K, an intestinal metabolite of ginsenosides, inhibits PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation and migration through G1 arrest and attenuates neointimal hyperplasia after arterial injury. |
| PubMed: | Compound K, a Ginsenoside Metabolite, Inhibits Colon Cancer Growth via Multiple Pathways Including p53-p21 Interactions. |
| PubMed: | Joint-protective effects of compound K, a major ginsenoside metabolite, in rheumatoid arthritis: in vitro evidence. |
| PubMed: | Rivaroxaban, a direct inhibitor of the coagulation factor Xa interferes with hormonal-induced physiological modulations in human female osteoblastic cell line SaSO2. |
| PubMed: | Absorption mechanism of ginsenoside compound K and its butyl and octyl ester prodrugs in Caco-2 cells. |
| PubMed: | Effect of ginsenoside Rh1 on myocardial injury and heart function in isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. |
| PubMed: | Effects of protopanaxatriol-ginsenoside metabolites on rat N-methyl-d-aspartic Acid receptor-mediated ion currents. |
| PubMed: | Hypoglycemic effect of protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides and compound K on Type 2 diabetes mice induced by high-fat diet combining with streptozotocin via suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis. |
| PubMed: | Identification and characterization of the Rhizobium sp. strain GIN611 glycoside oxidoreductase resulting in the deglycosylation of ginsenosides. |
| PubMed: | Ginsenoside Rb1 preconditioning enhances eNOS expression and attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetic rats. |
| PubMed: | Effects of Minor Ginsenosides, Ginsenoside Metabolites, and Ginsenoside Epimers on the Growth of Caenorhabditis elegans. |
| PubMed: | Ginsenoside metabolite compound K differentially antagonizing tumor necrosis factor-α-induced monocyte-endothelial trafficking. |
| PubMed: | Differential effects of ginsenoside metabolites on HERG k channel currents. |
| PubMed: | Compound K increases type I procollagen level and decreases matrix metalloproteinase-1 activity and level in ultraviolet-A-irradiated fibroblasts. |
| PubMed: | Inhibition of JAK1/STAT3 signaling mediates compound K-induced apoptosis in human multiple myeloma U266 cells. |
| PubMed: | Intestinal metabolite compound K of panaxoside inhibits the growth of gastric carcinoma by augmenting apoptosis via Bid-mediated mitochondrial pathway. |
| PubMed: | Protective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. |
| PubMed: | Ginsenoside compound K attenuates metastatic growth of hepatocellular carcinoma, which is associated with the translocation of nuclear factor-κB p65 and reduction of matrix metalloproteinase-2/9. |
| PubMed: | Compound K inhibits basic fibroblast growth factor-induced angiogenesis via regulation of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase and AKT in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. |
| PubMed: | Effect and mechanism of ginsenosides CK and Rg1 on stimulation of glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. |
| PubMed: | Compound K induces apoptosis via CAMK-IV/AMPK pathways in HT-29 colon cancer cells. |
| PubMed: | Compound K, intestinal metabolite of ginsenoside, attenuates hepatic lipid accumulation via AMPK activation in human hepatoma cells. |
| PubMed: | Ginsenoside Rb1 preconditioning protects against myocardial infarction after regional ischemia and reperfusion by activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase signal transduction. |
| PubMed: | Purification and properties of a novel beta-glucosidase, hydrolyzing ginsenoside Rb1 to CK, from Paecilomyces Bainier. |
| PubMed: | Compound K enhances insulin secretion with beneficial metabolic effects in db/db mice. |
| PubMed: | Anti-diabetic effects of compound K versus metformin versus compound K-metformin combination therapy in diabetic db/db mice. |
| PubMed: | Effect of ginsenosides on glucose uptake in human Caco-2 cells is mediated through altered Na+/glucose cotransporter 1 expression. |
| PubMed: | Effects of ginsenosides and their metabolites on voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channel subtypes. |
| PubMed: | Protective role of Panax ginseng extract standardized with ginsenoside Rg3 against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in rats. |
| PubMed: | Differential effect of ginsenoside metabolites on the 5-HT3A receptor-mediated ion current in Xenopus oocytes. |
| PubMed: | Differential effect of bovine serum albumin on ginsenoside metabolite-induced inhibition of alpha3beta4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expressed in Xenopus oocytes. |
| PubMed: | [Metabolism of ginsenoside Rb1 and panaxadiol saponins by fungi]. |
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