tubocurarine chloride anhydrous
tubocurarine, chloride, hydrochloride, (+)- (8CI)
 
Notes:
a neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in curare; plant based alkaloid of menispermaceae.
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CAS Number: 57-94-3Picture of molecule3D/inchi
Other(deleted CASRN): 1406-69-5
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg: 200-356-9
FDA UNII: 7BCM17J5YA
MDL: MFCD00013471
Molecular Weight: 681.65494000
Formula: C37 H42 Cl2 N2 O6
BioActivity Summary: listing
NMR Predictor: Predict (works with chrome or firefox)
Category: natural substances and extractives
 
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Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00 % 
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Flash Point: 32.00 °F. TCC ( 0.00 °C. ) (est)
Soluble in:
 water, 0.2304 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
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Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
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Cosmetic Information:
None found
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Suppliers:
 None found
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Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
intravenous-guinea pig LD50  66 ug/kg
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine. Vol. 34, Pg. 516, 1949.

intramuscular-mouse LD50  540 ug/kg
Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal. Chemical Pharmaceutical Journal. For English translation, see PCJOAU. Vol. 24(12), Pg. 24, 1990.

intraperitoneal-mouse LD50  420 ug/kg
Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology Vol. 32, Pg. 74, 1969.

intravenous-mouse LD50  97 ug/kg
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 109, Pg. 191, 1957.

oral-mouse LD50  33 mg/kg
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Vol. 120, Pg. 511, 1965.

intravenous-rabbit LD50  170 ug/kg
Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal. Chemical Pharmaceutical Journal. For English translation, see PCJOAU. Vol. 24(12), Pg. 24, 1990.

intraperitoneal-rat LD50  340 ug/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS
Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. Vol. 9, Pg. 117, 1975.

intravenous-rat LD50  66 ug/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. Vol. 9, Pg. 117, 1975.

oral-rat LD50  28 mg/kg
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Vol. 120, Pg. 511, 1965.

Dermal Toxicity:
subcutaneous-mouse LD50 640 ug/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. Vol. 9, Pg. 117, 1975.

subcutaneous-rat LD50 310 ug/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS
Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. Vol. 9, Pg. 117, 1975.

Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: natural substances and extractives
Recommendation for tubocurarine chloride anhydrous usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for tubocurarine chloride anhydrous flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
EPI System: View
ClinicalTrials.gov: search
Daily Med: search
AIDS Citations: Search
Cancer Citations: Search
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EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : 64645
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
Chemidplus: 0000057943
RTECS: YO4900000 for cas# 57-94-3
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References:
NIST Chemistry WebBook: Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid): 64645
Pubchem (sid): 135022383
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Other Information:
(IUPAC): Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos: The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc: Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC): Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEMBL: View
KEGG (GenomeNet): D08655
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): Search
MedlinePlusSupp: View
VCF-Online: VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider: View
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Potential Blenders and core components note
 
None Found
 
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Potential Uses:
None Found
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 found in nature
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Synonyms:
2,2',2'-trimethyl-6,6'-bis(methyloxy)tubocuraran-2,2'-diium-7',12'-diol dichloride
 tubocuraranium, 7',12'-dihydroxy-6,6'-dimethoxy-2,2',2'-trimethyl-, chloride, hydrochloride
 tubocurarine, chloride, hydrochloride, (+)- (8CI)
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Articles:
PubMed: Nicotine promotes cell proliferation and induces resistance to cisplatin by α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor‑mediated activation in Raw264.7 and El4 cells.
PubMed: Plasmodium falciparum: growth response to potassium channel blocking compounds.
PubMed: The effect of some curarizing drugs in unanaesthetized man. I. d-Tubocurarine chloride, gallamonium iodide, decamethonium iodide, succinylcholine iodide and its bis-monoethyl-substituted derivative in single or repeated doses. Acta Anaesth. Scandinav. 1957, 1, 15-39.
PubMed: Nicotine modulation of apoptosis in human coronary artery endothelial cells.
PubMed: Stability of Tubocurarine Chloride Injection at Ambient Temperature and 4 Deg C in Polypropylene Syringes.
PubMed: N-cholinergic facilitation of glutamate release from an individual retinotectal fiber in frog.
PubMed: Nicotine inhibition of apoptosis in murine immune cells.
PubMed: Effect of forskolin on acetylcholine-induced current in rat pheochromocytoma cells.
PubMed: Influence of muscarinic ligands on the amplitudes of the evoked surface potential's late components in the optic tectum of the urodele Plethodon jordani.
PubMed: Effects of conditioning stimulation of the central amygdaloid nucleus on tooth pulp-driven neurons in the cat somatosensory cortex (SI).
PubMed: Activation of nicotinic receptor-induced postsynaptic responses to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in bullfrog sympathetic ganglia via a Na+-dependent mechanism.
PubMed: Characterization and evaluation of d-(+)-tubocurarine chloride as a chiral selector for capillary electrophoretic enantioseparations.
PubMed: Nicotinic antagonist administration into the ventral hippocampus and spatial working memory in rats.
PubMed: Comparison of nicotinic receptor binding and biotransformation of coniine in the rat and chick.
PubMed: Activity-dependent induction of functional secretory properties at cultured neuromuscular synapses of Helisoma.
PubMed: 5-HT3-like receptors in the rat medial prefrontal cortex: further pharmacological characterization.
PubMed: Thermogenesis induced by inhibition of shivering during cold exposure in exercise-trained rats.
PubMed: Criteria for use of pancuronium bromide, vecuronium bromide, atracurium besylate, tubocurarine chloride, metocurine iodide, pipecuronium bromide, and doxacurium chloride in adults.
PubMed: Characterization of cholinergic regulation of seizures by the midline thalamus.
PubMed: Effects of morphine, H-Tyr-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2 (DALDA) and B-HT920 on non-cholinergic nerve-mediated bronchoconstriction in pithed guinea-pigs.
PubMed: Comparison of enflurane and halothane in hypotensive eye surgery.
PubMed: Measurement of D-tubocurarine chloride in human urine using solid-phase extraction and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection.
PubMed: Effects of partial neuromuscular blockade on sympathetic nerve responses to static exercise in humans.
PubMed: [Effects of nicotine on automaticity of sinoatrial node in rabbit heart].
PubMed: Examination of the role of calcium in the adrenaline-induced hyperpolarization of bullfrog sympathetic neurons.
PubMed: An acetylcholine-induced potassium current in tail sensory neurons in the pleural ganglion of Aplysia.
PubMed: Tubocurarine chloride inhibits rod outer segment shedding in the frog retina.
PubMed: Concentration-dependent interaction of theophylline with d-tubocurarine.
PubMed: Dimethyl-1-curine dimethochloride--an alternative for d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: The pathway for the slow inhibitory postsynaptic potential in bullfrog sympathetic ganglia.
PubMed: Ileal and colonic propulsive behavior: contribution of enteric neural circuits.
PubMed: Effects of locally and systemically administered cholinoceptor antagonists on the secretory response of human eccrine sweat glands to carbachol.
PubMed: Determination of D-tubocurarine chloride or metocurine iodide in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection.
PubMed: Neuronotrophic effects of skeletal muscle fractions on neurite development.
PubMed: Peripheral neural input to neurons of the middle cervical ganglion in the cat.
PubMed: Synaptic activation of phasic bursting in rat supraoptic nucleus neurones recorded in hypothalamic slices.
PubMed: Electrophysiology of neurones of the inferior mesenteric ganglion of the cat.
PubMed: Progression of age changes in synaptic transmission at mouse neuromuscular junctions.
PubMed: [Non-quantum secretion of acetylcholine in a nerve-muscle preparation of the diaphragm in dystrophic mice of line 129/Rej].
PubMed: Effect of substance P sequences on isolated neurons of Lymnaea stagnalis.
PubMed: In the eye (D-Pro2, D-Trp7,9)-SP is a substance P agonist, which modifies the responses to substance P, prostaglandin E1 and antidromic trigeminal nerve stimulation.
PubMed: Motor dysfunction in thymoma rats: comparison between fast and slow muscles.
PubMed: [Nonquantum release of acetylcholine in frog neuromuscular junction after blocking of axoplasmic transport with colchicine].
PubMed: The ionization of morphine, hydroxyamphetamine and (+)-tubocurarine chloride and a new method for calculating zwitterion constants.
PubMed: The effect of neuromuscular blocking agents on the acetylcholine receptors of different skeletal muscles.
PubMed: Modification by strychnine and D-tubocurarine of cardiac vagal inhibition in dogs.
PubMed: [Effect of curare-like substances on the coronary circulation and myocardial oxygen demand].
PubMed: Inotropic effects of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants in isolated canine heart muscle.
PubMed: Selective proliferation and accumulation of chondroprogenitor cells as the mode of action of biomechanical factors during secondary chondrogenesis.
PubMed: Continuous muscle fiber activity: a case with unusual clinical features.
PubMed: [Effects of acetylcholine and succinylcholine on isolated frog neuromuscular spindle].
PubMed: Preparation of semisynthetic (+)-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effects of neostigmine in man.
PubMed: Dequaternization of curare bases with sodium thiophenoxide and ethanolamine.
PubMed: Conditioning under carbolonium bromide and D--tubocurarine chloride paralysis.
PubMed: Hofmann elimination with diazomethane on curare bases and selected quaternary tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids.
PubMed: Binding of iodine 125 alpha-bungarotoxin to the thymus of mice.
PubMed: Effect of acetylcholine and d-tubocurarine chloride on neuromuscular transmission in Acheta domesticus and Tenebrio molitor.
PubMed: The effect of the CO2/HCO3- buffer system on the membrane potential of frog skeletal muscle.
PubMed: Quantitative analysis of d-tubocurarine chloride in curare by column liquid chromatography.
PubMed: Audiogenic seizures in curarized mice.
PubMed: Studies of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor protein from rat brain. II. Partial purification.
PubMed: [Neuromuscular blocking properties of tobramycin, dibekacin and ribostamycin in man (author's transl)].
PubMed: [The influence of stimulation of the glossopharyngeal nerve on the gastric inhibitory and excitatory motor reflexes (author's transl)].
PubMed: Effect of glucagon on hepatic circulation in the pig.
PubMed: Studies of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor protein from rat brain.
PubMed: The effects of d-tubocurarine chloride and respiratory settings on heart rate and blood gas composition in the albino rat.
PubMed: Mechanism of colistin-induced neuromuscular depression.
PubMed: Neuromuscular blocking drugs and heart rate changes after direct nerve stimulation and during classical conditioning in cats.
PubMed: [Effects of d-tubocurarine chloride on myocardial contractility].
PubMed: [Effect of stearic acid on the degree of tubocurarine chloride extraction from aqueous solutions by organic solvents as dependent on the pH of the medium].
PubMed: Effects of hayatin methochloride & (+)-tubocurarine chloride on autonomic ganglia of cats.
PubMed: Club-foot and intra-uterine growth retardation produced by tubocurarine chloride in the rat fetus.
PubMed: [Influence of muscle relaxing agents, pancuronium bromide, d-tubocurarine chloride, on human adrenocotrical function].
PubMed: [Effect of ether and fluorothane on the comparative sensitivity of muscles to anatruxonium and D-tubocurarine chloride].
PubMed: [Mechanism of neuromuscular transmission in insects. Effects of tubocurarine chloride and flaxedil (gallamine)].
PubMed: The relation between quantum content and facilitation at the neuromuscular junction of the frog.
PubMed: [Anesthesia with combined nitrous oxide, oxygen and tubocurarine chloride for children (Jackson Rees's method). 1].
PubMed: The effect of atropine on the frog sartorius neuromuscular junction.
PubMed: Response to tubocurarine chloride and its reversal by neostigmine methylsulfate in man.
PubMed: d-Tubocurarine chloride by T. Cecil Gray.
PubMed: The influence of carbon dioxide on the neuromuscular blocking properties of tubocurarine chloride and diallyl-nor-toxiferine dichloride (Alloferin Roche) in man. A comparative study.
PubMed: [Comparative sensitivity of neuro-muscular synapses of different muscles toward d-tubocurarine chloride and alpha-truxillic acid].
PubMed: The action of tubocurarine and atropine on the normal and denervated rat diaphragm.
PubMed: The effect of (+)-tubocurarine chloride and of acute hypotension on electrocortical activity of the cat.
PubMed: d-tubocurarine chloride: effect on insects.
PubMed: [New methods in the chemical determination of (+)-tubocurarine chloride].
PubMed: [The effect of D-tubocurarine chloride on the metabolism of chick embryos].
PubMed: THE INFLUENCE OF CARBON DIOXIDE ON THE NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCK CAUSED BY TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE IN THE HUMAN SUBJECT.
PubMed: A micro spectrophotometric method for the analysis of minute concentrations of d-tubocurarine chloride in plasma.
PubMed: Action of d-tubocurarine chloride on net flux of water across isolated frog skin.
PubMed: [Experimental research on variations in blood coagulation induced by treatment with d-tubocurarine chloride in the rabbit].
PubMed: [Mechanism of action of d-tubocurarine chloride in the treatment of tetanus. Results of laboratory investigations].
PubMed: [The effect of d-tubocurarine chloride on arterial pressure in general anesthesia].
PubMed: Induced tolerance to D-tubocurarine chloride in the cat.
PubMed: Increase by chlorothiazide of the paralysing activity of d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Severe tetanus treated with d-tubocurarine chloride tubarine and tank respiration.
PubMed: Prolonged apnoea due to d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: The binding of d-tubocurarine chloride to plasma proteins.
PubMed: The effect of d-tubocurarine chloride on the blood-pressure of anaesthetised patients.
PubMed: [Intubation anesthesia with curare; a review of 2000 cases of anesthesia with d-tubocurarine chloride].
PubMed: The role of the canine liver in the detoxication of d-tubocurarine chloride, gallamine triethiodide and laudexium.
PubMed: A new ultraviolet spectrophotometric method for the determination of d-tubocurarine chloride in plasma.
PubMed: Treatment of severe tetanus with d-tubocurarine chloride and intermittent positive-pressure respiration.
PubMed: [Effect of delta-tubocurarine chloride on oxygen consumption of the eggs of Psammechinus microtuberculatus].
PubMed: Treatment of tetanus with d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Respiratory arrest following intramuscular injection of tubocurarine chloride; report of a case.
PubMed: The relationship of the dosage of d-tubocurarine chloride and laudolissin to body weight, sex and age.
PubMed: Black widow spider (Latrodectus mactans) poisoning treated with d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Resistance to d-tubocurarine chloride in the presence of liver damage.
PubMed: Use of slowly absorbed suspension of d-tubocurarine chloride in rectal surgery.
PubMed: Placental transmission of d-tubocurarine chloride from maternal to fetal circulation in dogs.
PubMed: Slowly absorbed tubocurarine chloride in orthopedics.
PubMed: [Chemical determination of the blood picture and urinary excretion of d-tubocurarine chloride].
PubMed: Studies on the pharmacodynamics of curare in the horse. I. Dosage and physiological activity of d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Influence of controlled respiration on dosage of thiopentone and D-tubocurarine chloride required for abdominal surgery.
PubMed: Comparative potency of d-tubocurarine chloride U.S.P. and dimethyl ether d-tubocurarine iodide.
PubMed: The distribution, metabolism, and excretion of d-tubocurarine chloride and related compounds in man and other animals.
PubMed: [Comparative study of iodide of decamethonium and D-tubocurarine chloride].
PubMed: D-tubocurarine chloride in strabismus operations in children; a minimal dosage technique.
PubMed: D-tubocurarine chloride concentrations in human plasma after intravenous injection during anesthesia.
PubMed: An investigation of the synergisms between d-tubocurarine chloride and thiopentone.
PubMed: Use of gallamine triethiodide (flaxedil) in modifying E.C.T.; a comparison with D-tubocurarine chloride and decamethonium iodide.
PubMed: The use of d-tubocurarine chloride for cesarean section; a report of 210 cases.
PubMed: [Action of d-tubocurarine chloride on isolated frog heart].
PubMed: The action of d-tubocurarine chloride on the small intestine of rabbits.
PubMed: Muscular relaxants; a comparison of decamethonium iodide and d-tubocurarine chloride in anaesthesia.
PubMed: Effect of D-tubocurarine chloride and carbaminoylcholine on the respiration of Daphnia.
PubMed: A comparison of the action of decamethonium iodide C10 & d-tubocurarine chloride in anaesthesia.
PubMed: d-Tubocurarine chloride and enzyme activity.
PubMed: Use of slowly absorbed suspension of d-tubocurarine chloride in traumatic injury.
PubMed: A method for quantitative estimation of small amounts of D-tubocurarine chloride in plasma.
PubMed: [D-tubocurarine chloride and acetylcholine-pilocarpine antagonism; research carried out in surviving ileum of guinea pig].
PubMed: [Convulsive action of d-tubocurarine made to act directly on nerve tissue. I. Effect of introduction of d-tubocurarine chloride into the cisterna magna of the rabbit].
PubMed: Treatment of two cases of tetanus with d-tubocurarine chloride in peanut oil with myricin.
PubMed: Evipal sodium-d-tubocurarine chloride for endotracheal intubation; preliminary study.
PubMed: The action of d-tubocurarine chloride and other curarizing drugs on the growth of certain microorganisms.
PubMed: Action of d-tubocurarine chloride on the central nervous system of the cat.
PubMed: The relative susceptibility of the diaphragm, as compared with the limb muscles, to the effects of tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: The assay of d-tubocurarine chloride on the isolated rat-diaphragm; a statistical examination.
PubMed: The action of d-tubocurarine chloride on foetal neuromuscular transmission and the placental transfer of this drug in the rabbit.
PubMed: Anaesthesia in caesarean section with special reference to the use of d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: An account of, and conclusions drawn from, 50 cases of anaesthesia with d-tubocurarine chloride adjuvant.
PubMed: The estimation of d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Dextro-tubocurarine chloride: A provisional British standard.
PubMed: A system of anaesthesia using d-tubocurarine chloride for chest surgery.
PubMed: A system of anaesthesia using d-tubocurarine chloride for chest surgery.
PubMed: d-Tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Pharmacological activities in different rodent species of d-tubocurarine chloride and the dimethyl ether of d-tubocurarine iodide.
PubMed: Idiosyncrasy to d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Idiosyncrasy to d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Curare alkaloids; constitution of dextro-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Unjustified use of d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Unjustified use of d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Unjustified use of d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Unjustified use of d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Delta-tubocurarine chloride as an adjuvant in anaesthesia.
PubMed: The use of d-tubocurarine chloride in anaesthesia.
PubMed: The Use of D-Tubocurarine Chloride in Anaesthesia: Lecture delivered at The Royal College of Surgeons of England on 17th April, 1947.
PubMed: d-Tubocurarine chloride in electro-convulsion therapy.
PubMed: Use of d-tubocurarine chloride and thiopentone in electroconvulsion therapy.
PubMed: The effect of d-tubocurarine chloride on sensation in man.
PubMed: Curare; pharmacology and clinical applications of d-tubocurarine chloride.
PubMed: Technique for the use of d-tubocurarine chloride with balanced anaesthesia.
PubMed: Tubocurarine chloride as an adjunct to anaesthesia; report on 180 cases.
PubMed: A milestone in anaesthesia? (d-tubocurarine chloride).
PubMed: A Milestone in Anæsthesia?: (d-Tubocurarine Chloride).
PubMed: A Milestone in Anaesthesia?: (d-Tubocurarine Chloride).
PubMed: Tubocurarine chloride in anaesthesia.
PubMed: d-TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE AND CHOLINE ESTERASE.
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