lithospermum erythrorhizon root oil CO2 extract
purple gromwell root oil CO2 extract
 
Notes:
None found
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Name: lithospermum erythrorhizon root oil CO2 extract
CAS Number: 223749-76-6 
Category: cosmetic agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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Physical Properties:
Appearance: dark red liquid (est)
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
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Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
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Cosmetic Information:
None found
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Suppliers:
FLAVEX Naturextrakte
Gromwell Root CO2-to extract, standardised
Odor: characteristic
Use: As cosmetic colouring. The naphthaquinones are soluble in oil and have a stable deep red, in alkaline environment blue-magenta colour. The product can be brougth in hydrophile phases by tensides. Futhermore the naphthaquinones have skincaring, woundhealing, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, fungicidal and anti-oxidative properties [2].¶(Statements summarise literature evidence and have informative character. They might be derived from in vitro or animal tests and thus not be substantiated for humans. Statements have not been evaluated by competent authorities and do not refer to finished products. The marketer of any finished product containing any FLAVEX extract as ingredient is responsible for assuring that the claims made for his product are lawful and comply with all applicable laws and regulations of the country in which the product is to be sold.)
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Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: cosmetic agents
Recommendation for lithospermum erythrorhizon root oil CO2 extract usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for lithospermum erythrorhizon root oil CO2 extract flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
EPA ACToR: Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
 lithospermum erythrorhizon root oil CO2 extract
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References:
 lithospermum erythrorhizon root oil CO2 extract
Pubchem (cas): 223749-76-6
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Other Information:
FDA Color Additive Status ListView
Wikipedia: View
FAO Doc: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION
FAO: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION
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Potential Blenders and core components note
 
None Found
 
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Potential Uses:
None Found
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 gromwell purple gromwell root
Search Trop  Picture
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Synonyms:
purple gromwell root oil CO2 extract
red-root gromwell root oil CO2 extract
 lithospermum officinale var. erythrorhizon root oil CO2 extract
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Articles:
PubMed: Pharmacological properties of shikonin - a review of literature since 2002.
PubMed: Topical herbal formulae in the management of psoriasis: systematic review with meta-analysis of clinical studies and investigation of the pharmacological actions of the main herbs.
PubMed: Shikonin promotes intestinal wound healing in vitro via induction of TGF-β release in IEC-18 cells.
PubMed: Traditional chinese medicine remedy to jury: the pharmacological basis for the use of shikonin as an anticancer therapy.
PubMed: Shikonin, a natural product from the root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, is a cytotoxic DNA-binding agent.
PubMed: Beneficial effect of shikonin on experimental colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium in BALB/c mice.
PubMed: Shikonin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice.
PubMed: β,β-Dimethylacrylshikonin induces mitochondria dependent apoptosis through ERK pathway in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells.
PubMed: Novel multiple apoptotic mechanism of shikonin in human glioma cells.
PubMed: Inhibitory effects of β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin on hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo.
PubMed: Dermocosmetics for dry skin: a new role for botanical extracts.
PubMed: Tigloylshikonin, a new minor Shikonin derivative, from the roots and the commercial root extract of lithospermum erythrorhizon.
PubMed: In vitro screening of tumoricidal properties of international medicinal herbs: part II.
PubMed: Lithospermic acid derivatives from Lithospermum erythrorhizon increased expression of serine palmitoyltransferase in human HaCaT cells.
PubMed: Shikonin derivatives inhibited LPS-induced NOS in RAW 264.7 cells via downregulation of MAPK/NF-kappaB signaling.
PubMed: Shikonins attenuate microglial inflammatory responses by inhibition of ERK, Akt, and NF-kappaB: neuroprotective implications.
PubMed: Cosmetic formulations containing Lithospermum erythrorhizon root extract show moisturizing effects on human skin.
PubMed: Lithospermi radix extract inhibits histamine release and production of inflammatory cytokine in mast cells.
PubMed: Comparison of the cytotoxic activities of naturally occurring hydroxyanthraquinones and hydroxynaphthoquinones.
PubMed: Protection of human keratinocytes from UVB-induced inflammation using root extract of Lithospermum erythrorhizon.
PubMed: Non-radioactive and colorimetric quantification of monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells in early atherogenesis.
PubMed: Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by Lithospermi radix in mouse peritoneal macrophages.
PubMed: Caffeic acid metabolites from Eritrichium sericeum cell cultures.
PubMed: Enhancement of natural pigment extraction using Bacillus species xylanase.
PubMed: Inhibitory effect of the Agrobacterium rhizogenes rolC gene on rabdosiin and rosmarinic acid production in Eritrichium sericeum and Lithospermum erythrorhizon transformed cell cultures.
PubMed: Shikonins, phytocompounds from Lithospermum erythrorhizon, inhibit the transcriptional activation of human tumor necrosis factor alpha promoter in vivo.
PubMed: Shikonin, a component of chinese herbal medicine, inhibits chemokine receptor function and suppresses human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
PubMed: High level expression of chorismate pyruvate-lyase (UbiC) and HMG-CoA reductase in hairy root cultures of Lithospermum erythrorhizon.
PubMed: Cellular pharmacology studies of shikonin derivatives.
PubMed: A novel dark-inducible protein, LeDI-2, and its involvement in root-specific secondary metabolism in Lithospermum erythrorhizon.
PubMed: Reaction of beta-alkannin (shikonin) with reactive oxygen species: detection of beta-alkannin free radicals.
PubMed: Genetic engineering on shikonin biosynthesis: expression of the bacterial ubiA gene in Lithospermum erythrorhizon.
PubMed: Simultaneous analysis of shikimate-derived secondary metabolites in Lithospermum erythrorhizon cell suspension cultures by high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed: Caffeic acid oligomers in Lithospermum erythrorhizon cell suspension cultures.
PubMed: Genetic engineering of shikonin biosynthesis hairy root cultures of Lithospermum erythrorhizon transformed with the bacterial ubiC gene.
PubMed: Cell-specific production and antimicrobial activity of naphthoquinones in roots of lithospermum erythrorhizon
PubMed: Shikonin, an ingredient of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, inhibits angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro.
PubMed: cDNA cloning and gene expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in Lithospermum erythrorhizon.
PubMed: Acylshikonin analogues: synthesis and inhibition of DNA topoisomerase-I.
PubMed: Shikonin production by extractive cultivation in transformed-suspension and hairy root cultures of Lithospermum erythrorhizon.
PubMed: [Screening test of crude drug extract on anti-HIV activity].
PubMed: Shikonin production and secretion by hairy root cultures of Lithospermum erythrorhizon.
PubMed: Betanin Production and Release In Vitro from Suspension Cultures of Beta vulgaris.
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