oleuropein, 32619-42-4

Articles:

PubMed:	Characteristics of oleuropeinolytic strains of Lactobacillus plantarum group and influence on phenolic compounds in table olives elaborated under reduced salt conditions.
PubMed:	Phytochemicals and other characteristics of croatian monovarietal extra virgin olive oils from oblica, lastovka and levantinka varieties.
PubMed:	Ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry quantitation of polyphenols and secoiridoids in california-style black ripe olives and dry salt-cured olives.
PubMed:	Phenolic profile characterization of chemlali olive stones by liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry.
PubMed:	Oleuropein Suppresses LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses in RAW 264.7 Cell and Zebrafish.
PubMed:	Biotechnological innovations for table olives.
PubMed:	Evidence of oleuropein degradation by olive leaf protein extract.
PubMed:	Isolation and Characterization of a Secoiridoid Derivative from Two-Phase Olive Waste (Alperujo).
PubMed:	Whole Lyophilized Olives as Sources of Unexpectedly High Amounts of Secoiridoids: The Case of Three Tuscan Cultivars.
PubMed:	Nutraceuticals and amyloid neurodegenerative diseases: a focus on natural phenols.
PubMed:	Computer-aided discovery of biological activity spectra for anti-aging and anti-cancer olive oil oleuropeins.
PubMed:	Combined use of nitrogen and coatings to improve the quality of mechanically harvested Manzanilla olives.
PubMed:	Recovering bioactive compounds from olive oil filter cake by advanced extraction techniques.
PubMed:	Endogenous enzymes involved in the transformation of oleuropein in Spanish table olive varieties.
PubMed:	Oleuropein attenuates visceral adiposity in high-fat diet-induced obese mice through the modulation of WNT10b- and galanin-mediated signalings.
PubMed:	The role of structural C--H compared with phenolic OH sites on the antioxidant activity of oleuropein and its derivatives as a great non-flavonoid family of the olive components: a DFT study.
PubMed:	Faecal microbial metabolism of olive oil phenolic compounds: in vitro and in vivo approaches.
PubMed:	3,4-DHPEA-EA from Olea Europaea L. is effective against standard and clinical isolates of Staphylococcus sp.
PubMed:	Influence of olive leaf processing on the bioaccessibility of bioactive polyphenols.
PubMed:	A new extraction approach to correct the effect of apparent increase in the secoiridoid content after filtration of virgin olive oil.
PubMed:	Biomimetic synthesis and antioxidant evaluation of 3,4-DHPEA-EDA [2-(3,4-hydroxyphenyl) ethyl (3S,4E)-4-formyl-3-(2-oxoethyl)hex-4-enoate].
PubMed:	Oleuropein prevents the progression of steatohepatitis to hepatic fibrosis induced by a high-fat diet in mice.
PubMed:	Oleuropein as a bioactive constituent added in milk and yogurt.
PubMed:	Effects of the dietary incorporation of olive leaves on growth performance, digestibility, blood parameters and meat quality of growing pigs.
PubMed:	High-resolution mass spectrometry to evaluate the influence of cross-breeding segregating populations on the phenolic profile of virgin olive oils.
PubMed:	Minor polar compounds in extra virgin olive oil: correlation between HPLC-DAD-MS and the Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric method.
PubMed:	Quantitative measurement of major secoiridoid derivatives in olive oil using qNMR. Proof of the artificial formation of aldehydic oleuropein and ligstroside aglycon isomers.
PubMed:	Isolation of megaritolactones and other bioactive metabolites from 'megaritiki' table olives and debittering water.
PubMed:	Antioxidant capacity of individual and combined virgin olive oil minor compounds evaluated at mild temperature (25 and 40°C) as compared to accelerated and antiradical assays.
PubMed:	Radical-scavenging compounds from olive tree (Olea europaea L.) wood.
PubMed:	Employing Alzheimer disease animal models for translational research: focus on dietary components.
PubMed:	Bioavailability of phenolics from an oleuropein-rich olive (Olea europaea) leaf extract and its acute effect on plasma antioxidant status: comparison between pre- and postmenopausal women.
PubMed:	Nutrition and healthy ageing: calorie restriction or polyphenol-rich "MediterrAsian" diet?
PubMed:	Olive leaf extracts are a natural source of advanced glycation end product inhibitors.
PubMed:	Oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol activate GPER/ GPR30-dependent pathways leading to apoptosis of ER-negative SKBR3 breast cancer cells.
PubMed:	Effects of certain polyphenols and extracts on furans and acrylamide formation in model system, and total furans during storage.
PubMed:	Insight into virgin olive oil secoiridoids characterization by high-resolution mass spectrometry and accurate mass measurements.
PubMed:	Human absorption and metabolism of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol ingested as olive (Olea europaea L.) leaf extract.
PubMed:	DPPH assay of vegetable oils and model antioxidants in protic and aprotic solvents.
PubMed:	Selection of Lactobacillus plantarum strains to use as starters in fermented table olives: Oleuropeinase activity and phage sensitivity.
PubMed:	Antioxidant activity of phenolic fractions in olive mill wastewater.
PubMed:	Combined effect of starter culture and temperature on phenolic compounds during fermentation of Taggiasca black olives.
PubMed:	A validated method for the determination of selected phenolics in olive oil using high-performance liquid chromatography with coulometric electrochemical detection and a fused-core column.
PubMed:	Xenohormetic and anti-aging activity of secoiridoid polyphenols present in extra virgin olive oil: a new family of gerosuppressant agents.
PubMed:	Olive oil oleuropein has anti-breast cancer properties with higher efficiency on ER-negative cells.
PubMed:	Comprehensive analysis of polyphenols in 55 extra virgin olive oils by HPLC-ECD and their correlation with antioxidant activities.
PubMed:	Microchip electrophoresis with amperometric detection for a novel determination of phenolic compounds in olive oil.
PubMed:	Influence of harvest year, cultivar and geographical origin on Greek extra virgin olive oils composition: a study by NMR spectroscopy and biometric analysis.
PubMed:	Analytical evaluation of two monovarietal virgin olive oils cultivated in the south of Tunisia: Jemri-Bouchouka and Chemlali-Tataouin cultivars.
PubMed:	Characterisation and phenolic profiles of two rare olive oils from southern Tunisia: Dhokar and Gemri-Dhokar cultivars.
PubMed:	High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry profiling of phenolic compounds for evaluation of olive oil bitterness and pungency.
PubMed:	Improvement of oleuropein extractability by optimising steam blanching process as pre-treatment of olive leaf extraction via response surface methodology.
PubMed:	Reuse of drinking water treatment sludge for olive oil mill wastewater treatment.
PubMed:	Factors influencing phenolic compounds in table olives (Olea europaea).
PubMed:	β-Glucosidase involvement in the formation and transformation of oleuropein during the growth and development of olive fruits (Olea europaea L. cv. Arbequina) grown under different farming practices.
PubMed:	Feasible application of a portable NIR-AOTF tool for on-field prediction of phenolic compounds during the ripening of olives for oil production.
PubMed:	Distribution of olive oil phenolic compounds in rat tissues after administration of a phenolic extract from olive cake.
PubMed:	Oleuropein ameliorates acute colitis in mice.
PubMed:	Wastes generated during the storage of extra virgin olive oil as a natural source of phenolic compounds.
PubMed:	Phenolic composition, isolation, and structure of a new deoxyloganic acid derivative from Dhokar and Gemri-Dhokar olive cultivars.
PubMed:	Gamma irradiation of air-dried olive leaves: Effective decontamination and impact on the antioxidative properties and on phenolic compounds.
PubMed:	Simultaneous separation and purification of flavonoids and oleuropein from Olea europaea L. (olive) leaves using macroporous resin.
PubMed:	New possibilities for the valorization of olive oil by-products.
PubMed:	The activity of healthy olive microbiota during virgin olive oil extraction influences oil chemical composition.
PubMed:	Oleuropein and derivatives from olives as Tau aggregation inhibitors.
PubMed:	High-throughput assay of oleopentanedialdheydes in extra virgin olive oil by the UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS and isotope dilution methods.
PubMed:	Influence of Eriophyid mites (Aculus olearius Castagnoli and Aceria oleae (Nalepa) (Acarina: Eriophyidae)) on some physical and chemical characteristics of Ayvalık variety olive fruit.
PubMed:	Use of multivariate statistical techniques to optimize the simultaneous separation of 13 phenolic compounds from extra-virgin olive oil by capillary electrophoresis.
PubMed:	Oleuropein attenuates hepatic steatosis induced by high-fat diet in mice.
PubMed:	Wound repair potential of Olea europaea L. leaf extracts revealed by in vivo experimental models and comparative evaluation of the extracts' antioxidant activity.
PubMed:	Effects of conventional heating on the stability of major olive oil phenolic compounds by tandem mass spectrometry and isotope dilution assay.
PubMed:	Metabolites involved in oleuropein accumulation and degradation in fruits of Olea europaea L.: Hojiblanca and Arbequina varieties.
PubMed:	Comparative study of virgin olive oil quality from single varieties cultivated in Chile and Spain.
PubMed:	Phenol metabolism in the leaves of the olive tree (Olea europaea L.) cv. Picual, Verdial, Arbequina, and Frantoio during ripening.
PubMed:	Hydroxytyrosol rich extract from olive leaves modulates cell cycle progression in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.
PubMed:	Characterization of antioxidant olive oil biophenols by spectroscopic methods.
PubMed:	Hepatoprotective effect of oleuropein in mice: mechanisms uncovered by gene expression profiling.
PubMed:	Separation and identification of phenolic compounds of extra virgin olive oil from Olea europaea L. by HPLC-DAD-SPE-NMR/MS. Identification of a new diastereoisomer of the aldehydic form of oleuropein aglycone.
PubMed:	Sensory quality of functional beverages: bitterness perception and bitter masking of olive leaf extract fortified fruit smoothies.
PubMed:	HPLC analysis of oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, and tyrosol in stems and roots of Olea europaea L. cv. Picual during ripening.
PubMed:	Oil content, phenolic profiling and antioxidant potential of Tunisian olive drupes.
PubMed:	Effect of olive ripeness on chemical properties and phenolic composition of Chétoui virgin olive oil.
PubMed:	Qualitative screening of phenolic compounds in olive leaf extracts by hyphenated liquid chromatography and preliminary evaluation of cytotoxic activity against human breast cancer cells.
PubMed:	Contribution of flavonoids to the overall radical scavenging activity of olive (Olea europaea L.) leaf polar extracts.
PubMed:	Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of individual and combined phenolics in Olea europaea leaf extract.
PubMed:	Olive oil phenols modulate the expression of metalloproteinase 9 in THP-1 cells by acting on nuclear factor-kappaB signaling.
PubMed:	Oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol inhibit MCF-7 breast cancer cell proliferation interfering with ERK1/2 activation.
PubMed:	Bactericidal activity of glutaraldehyde-like compounds from olive products.
PubMed:	Identification of Throuba Thassos, a traditional Greek table olive variety, as a nutritional rich source of oleuropein.
PubMed:	Powerful protective role of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol-elenolic acid dialdehyde against erythrocyte oxidative-induced hemolysis.
PubMed:	Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling of oleuropein and its semisynthetic derivatives as cyclooxygenase inhibitors.
PubMed:	Olive tree (Olea europaea) leaves: potential beneficial effects on human health.
PubMed:	Tentative characterization of novel phenolic compounds in extra virgin olive oils by rapid-resolution liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.
PubMed:	Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenol concentration in fruits of Olea europaea L. cv. Picual, Verdial, Arbequina, and Frantoio during ripening.
PubMed:	Dietary polyphenols generate nitric oxide from nitrite in the stomach and induce smooth muscle relaxation.
PubMed:	Antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein from olive leaves in alloxan-diabetic rats.
PubMed:	Purification and characterization of an olive fruit beta-glucosidase involved in the biosynthesis of virgin olive oil phenolics.
PubMed:	Evaluation of potential genotoxicity of virgin olive oil (VOO) using the drosophila wing-spot test.
PubMed:	Effects of olive oil polyphenols on erythrocyte oxidative damage.
PubMed:	Effect of malaxation conditions on phenol and volatile profiles in olive paste and the corresponding virgin olive oils (Olea europaea L. Cv. Cornicabra).
PubMed:	Phenolic composition, sugar contents and antioxidant activity of Tunisian sweet olive cultivar with regard to fruit ripening.
PubMed:	Impact of sampling parameters on the radical scavenging potential of olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves.
PubMed:	Phytochemicals in olive-leaf extracts and their antiproliferative activity against cancer and endothelial cells.
PubMed:	Debittering of olives by polyphenol oxidation.
PubMed:	Influence of the decrease in oxygen during malaxation of olive paste on the composition of volatiles and phenolic compounds in virgin olive oil.
PubMed:	Nutritional benefit of olive oil: the biological effects of hydroxytyrosol and its arylating quinone adducts.
PubMed:	Solid-liquid transfer of biophenols from olive leaves for the enrichment of edible oils by a dynamic ultrasound-assisted approach.
PubMed:	Isolation and characterization of a new hydroxytyrosol derivative from olive (Olea europaea) leaves.
PubMed:	Tunisian table olive phenolic compounds and their antioxidant capacity.
PubMed:	Liquid-liquid extraction for the enrichment of edible oils with phenols from olive leaf extracts.
PubMed:	Changes in virgin olive oil quality during low-temperature fruit storage.
PubMed:	Effect of the maturation process on the phenolic fractions, fatty acids, and antioxidant activity of the Chétoui olive fruit cultivar.
PubMed:	Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Italian extra virgin olive oil Monti Iblei.
PubMed:	Retention and distribution of polyphenols after pan-frying of French fries in oils enriched with olive leaf extract.
PubMed:	Main antimicrobial compounds in table olives.
PubMed:	Encapsulation of olive leaf extract in beta-cyclodextrin.
PubMed:	Inhibition of p38/CREB phosphorylation and COX-2 expression by olive oil polyphenols underlies their anti-proliferative effects.
PubMed:	New insights into controversies on the antioxidant potential of the olive oil antioxidant hydroxytyrosol.
PubMed:	Effect of olive stoning on the volatile and phenolic composition of virgin olive oil.
PubMed:	Irrigation effects on quality, phenolic composition, and selected volatiles of virgin olive oils cv. Leccino.
PubMed:	Evaluation of the influence of thermal oxidation on the phenolic composition and on the antioxidant activity of extra-virgin olive oils.
PubMed:	Small branches of olive tree: a source of biophenols complementary to olive leaves.
PubMed:	Optimum bacteriocin production by Lactobacillus plantarum 17.2b requires absence of NaCl and apparently follows a mixed metabolite kinetics.
PubMed:	High-yielding preparation of a stable precursor of hydroxytyrosol by total synthesis and from the natural glycoside oleuropein.
PubMed:	Dysfunctionality of the xylem in Olea europaea L. Plants associated with the infection process by Verticillium dahliae Kleb. Role of phenolic compounds in plant defense mechanism.
PubMed:	Novel secoiridoids with antioxidant activity from Australian olive mill waste.
PubMed:	Bioscreening of Australian olive mill waste extracts: biophenol content, antioxidant, antimicrobial and molluscicidal activities.
PubMed:	1H NMR monitoring of the canine metabolic profile after oral administration of xenobiotics using multivariate statistics.
PubMed:	Adsorption of olive leaf (Olea europaea L.) antioxidants on silk fibroin.
PubMed:	Evolution of minor polar compounds and antioxidant capacity during storage of bottled extra virgin olive oil.
PubMed:	Secondary metabolism of olive secoiridoids. New microcomponents detected in drupes by electrospray ionization and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:	Rapid quantification of the phenolic fraction of Spanish virgin olive oils by capillary electrophoresis with UV detection.
PubMed:	Pro-oxidant activity of oleuropein determined in vitro by electron spin resonance spin-trapping methodology.
PubMed:	Lipase production by yeasts from extra virgin olive oil.
PubMed:	Comparison of the concentrations of phenolic compounds in olive oils and other plant oils: correlation with antimicrobial activity.
PubMed:	Protective effects of extra virgin olive oil phenolics on oxidative stability in the presence or absence of copper ions.
PubMed:	The fate of olive oil polyphenols in the gastrointestinal tract: implications of gastric and colonic microflora-dependent biotransformation.
PubMed:	The use of Lactobacillus pentosus 1MO to shorten the debittering process time of black table olives (Cv. Itrana and Leccino): a pilot-scale application.
PubMed:	Effects of copper on the antioxidant activity of olive polyphenols in bulk oil and oil-in-water emulsions.
PubMed:	Minor components of olive oil modulate proatherogenic adhesion molecules involved in endothelial activation.
PubMed:	Antioxidant effect of two virgin olive oils depends on the concentration and composition of minor polar compounds.
PubMed:	Effect of storage on secoiridoid and tocopherol contents and antioxidant activity of monovarietal extra virgin olive oils.
PubMed:	Evaluation of phenolic compounds in virgin olive oil by direct injection in high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection.
PubMed:	Factors affecting the contents of iridoid oleuropein in olive leaves (Olea europaea L.).
PubMed:	Investigation of Australian olive mill waste for recovery of biophenols.
PubMed:	Discrimination of olive oils and fruits into cultivars and maturity stages based on phenolic and volatile compounds.
PubMed:	Absolute method for the assay of oleuropein in olive oils by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:	Development of a sensitive and specific solid phase extraction--gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of elenolic acid, hydroxytyrosol, and tyrosol in rat urine.
PubMed:	Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus by oleuropein is mediated by hydrogen peroxide.
PubMed:	Kinetic study of the physicochemical and microbiological changes in "seasoned" olives during the shelf-life period.
PubMed:	Characterization and quantification of phenolic compounds in olive oils by solid-phase extraction, HPLC-DAD, and HPLC-MS/MS.
PubMed:	Antioxidant and anti-atherogenic activities of olive oil phenolics.
PubMed:	Interactions of ferric ions with olive oil phenolic compounds.
PubMed:	Antioxidant activity of olive pulp and olive oil phenolic compounds of the arbequina cultivar.
PubMed:	Secoiridoids, tocopherols, and antioxidant activity of monovarietal extra virgin olive oils extracted from destoned fruits.
PubMed:	Identification and antioxidant potential of flavonoids and low molecular weight phenols in olive cultivar chemlali growing in Tunisia.
PubMed:	Qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of phenolic compounds in extra virgin olive oils as a function of the ripening degree of olive fruits by different analytical techniques.
PubMed:	Comparative study on phenolic content and antioxidant activity during maturation of the olive cultivar Chemlali from Tunisia.
PubMed:	Contribution of the phenolic fraction to the antioxidant activity and oxidative stability of olive oil.
PubMed:	Phenolic antioxidants and the protection of low density lipoprotein from peroxynitrite-mediated oxidations at physiologic CO2.
PubMed:	Comparison of the radical scavenging potential of polar and lipidic fractions of olive oil and other vegetable oils under normal conditions and after thermal treatment.
PubMed:	Polyphenol changes during fermentation of naturally black olives.
PubMed:	LC-MS investigation of oxidation products of phenolic antioxidants.
PubMed:	Antioxidant effect of phenolic compounds, alpha-tocopherol, and other minor components in virgin olive oil.
PubMed:	Main polyphenols in the bitter taste of virgin olive oil. Structural confirmation by on-line high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
PubMed:	Hydroxytyrosol excretion differs between rats and humans and depends on the vehicle of administration.
PubMed:	Quantitative changes in phenolic content during physiological development of the olive (Olea europaea) cultivar Hardy's Mammoth.
PubMed:	Sensory properties of virgin olive oil polyphenols: identification of deacetoxy-ligstroside aglycon as a key contributor to pungency.
PubMed:	Inhibitory activity of minor polyphenolic and nonpolyphenolic constituents of olive oil against in vitro low-density lipoprotein oxidation.
PubMed:	Radioprotective effects in vivo of phenolics extracted from Olea europaea L. leaves against X-ray-induced chromosomal damage: comparative study versus several flavonoids and sulfur-containing compounds.
PubMed:	Comparison of the antioxidant activities of extra virgin olive oils.
PubMed:	Evaluation of antioxidant activity of some natural polyphenolic compounds using the Briggs-Rauscher reaction method.
PubMed:	Phenolic compounds profile of cornicabra virgin olive oil.
PubMed:	Identification of phenolic compounds in tissues of the novel olive cultivar hardy's mammoth.
PubMed:	Deterioration of natural antioxidant species of vegetable edible oils during the domestic deep-frying and pan-frying of potatoes.
PubMed:	Biological properties of olive oil phytochemicals.
PubMed:	Microbiological activity in stored olive oil.
PubMed:	Partition behavior of virgin olive oil phenolic compounds in oil-brine mixtures during thermal processing for fish canning.
PubMed:	Comparison of radical scavenging effect, inhibition of microsomal oxygen free radical generation, and serum lipoprotein oxidation of several natural antioxidants.
PubMed:	Supplementation of plasma with olive oil phenols and extracts: influence on LDL oxidation.
PubMed:	Partitioning of olive oil antioxidants between oil and water phases.
PubMed:	Bioactive derivatives from oleuropein by a biotransformation on Olea europaea leaf extracts.
PubMed:	Changes in the phenolic composition of virgin olive oil from young trees (Olea europaea L. cv. Arbequina) grown under linear irrigation strategies.
PubMed:	Isolation and characterization of the antioxidant component 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyl 4-formyl-3-formylmethyl-4-hexenoate from olive (Olea europaea) leaves.
PubMed:	Inactivation of cytochrome P450 by the food-derived complex phenol oleuropein.
PubMed:	Antioxidant activity of the main bioactive derivatives from oleuropein hydrolysis by hyperthermophilic beta-glycosidase.
PubMed:	Antioxidant activity of hydroxytyrosol acetate compared with that of other olive oil polyphenols.
PubMed:	Effect of enzyme treatment during mechanical extraction of olive oil on phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.
PubMed:	Modulation of the biosynthesis of some phenolic compounds in Olea europaea L. fruits: their influence on olive oil quality.
PubMed:	Rapid high-performance liquid chromatography analysis for the quantitative determination of oleuropein in Olea europaea leaves.
PubMed:	Phenolic Compounds in Different Olive Varieties.
PubMed:	HPLC analysis of flavonoids and secoiridoids in leaves of Ligustrum vulgare L. (Oleaceae).
PubMed:	Oleuropein site selective hydrolysis by technomimetic nuclear magnetic resonance experiments.
PubMed:	Comparison among differential pulse voltammetry, amperometric biosensor, and HPLC/DAD analysis for polyphenol determination.
PubMed:	Rapid evaluation of phenolic component profile and analysis of oleuropein aglycon in olive oil by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (APCI-MS).
PubMed:	Protective effect of oleuropein, an olive oil biophenol, on low density lipoprotein oxidizability in rabbits.
PubMed:	NMR experiments of oleuropein biomimetic hydrolysis.
PubMed:	Phenolic compounds in Spanish olive oils.
PubMed:	Bioactive derivatives of oleuropein from olive fruits.
PubMed:	Polyphenolic content in five tuscany cultivars of Olea europaea L.
PubMed:	Quantitation of oleuropein in virgin olive oil by ionspray mass spectrometry-selected reaction monitoring.
PubMed:	Phenolic compounds of olive fruit: one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of Nüzhenide and its distribution in the constitutive parts of fruit.
PubMed:	On the in-vitro antimicrobial activity of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol.
PubMed:	Modelling the effectiveness of a natural antimicrobial on Salmonella enteritidis as a function of concentration, temperature and pH, using conductance measurements.
PubMed:	Inhibition of Salmonella enteritidis by oleuropein in broth and in a model food system.
PubMed:	Effect of phenolic compounds and oleuropein on the germination of Bacillus cereus T spores.
PubMed:	Utilization of oleuropein by microorganisms associated with olive fermentations.
PubMed:	Studies on the mechanism of the antimicrobial action of oleuropein.