chondroitin
 
Notes:
Chondroitin is a mucopolysaccharide constituent of chondrin. Chondrin is a gelatin-like protein-carbohydrate substance that can be obtained by boiling cartilage in water. Cartilage is a connective tissue that contains cells embedded in a matrix of chondrin. Chondroitin is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) composed of a chain of alternating sugars (N-acetyl-galactosamine and glucuronic acid). It is usually found attached to proteins as part of a proteoglycan. A chondroitin chain can have over 100 individual sugars, each of which can be sulfated in variable positions and quantities. The structure depicted in this MetaboCard is simply a disaccharide component of the chontroitin subunit. Chondroitin's functions largely depend on the properties of the overall proteoglycan of which it is a part. These functions can be broadly divided into structural and regulatory roles. However, this division is not absolute and some proteoglycans have both structural and regulatory roles. Chondroitin is an ingredient found commonly in dietary supplements used as an alternative medicine to treat osteoarthritis. It is commonly sold together with glucosamine. The dosage of oral chondroitin used in human clinical trials is 800-1200 mg per day. Most chondroitin appears to be made from extracts of cartilaginous cow and pig tissues (cow trachea and pig ear and nose), but other sources such as shark, fish and bird cartilage are also used. Since chondroitin is not a uniform substance, and is naturally present in a wide variety of forms, the precise composition of each supplement will vary. While it is a prescription or over-the-counter drug in 22 countries, chondroitin is regulated in the U.S. as a food product by the Food and Drug Administration. As a result, there are no mandatory standards for formulation, and no guarantee that the product is correctly labelled. [HMDB]
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search
CAS Number: 9007-27-6 
ECHA EC Number: 232-695-3
Category: special dietary and nutritional additives
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar: Search
Google Books: Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Perfumer and Flavorist: Search
Google Patents: Search
US Patents: Search
EU Patents: Search
PubMed: Search
NCBI: Search
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00 % 
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Cosmetic Information:
None found
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Suppliers:
Atlantic Chemicals
Chondroitin
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Safety in Use Information:
Category: special dietary and nutritional additives
Recommendation for chondroitin usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for chondroitin flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Safety References:
ClinicalTrials.gov: search
Daily Med: search
AIDS Citations: Search
Cancer Citations: Search
Toxicology Citations: Search
EPA ACToR: Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
Chemidplus: 0009007276
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
References:
Pubchem (sid): 135263805
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Other Information:
KEGG (GenomeNet): C00401
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): HMDB00629
FooDB: FDB022150
FDA Listing of Food Additive Status: View
VCF-Online: VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
Wikipedia: View
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Potential Blenders and core components note
 
None Found
 
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Potential Uses:
None Found
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 found in nature
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Synonyms:
 chondroitin
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Articles:
PubMed: Chondroitin Sulfate: A Critical Review of Generic and Specific Problems in Its Characterization and Determination-An Exemplar of a Material with an Unknown or Variable Composition (UVCB).
PubMed: Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate oligosaccharides exert anticoagulant activity by targeting at intrinsic tenase complex with low FXII activation: Importance of sulfation pattern and molecular size.
PubMed: A sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering method for chondroitin sulfate with Victoria blue 4R molecular probes in nanogold sol substrate.
PubMed: [NON-ARTHROPLASTY TREATMENT FOR KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS].
PubMed: Characteristic oligosaccharides released from acid hydrolysis for the structural analysis of chondroitin sulfate.
PubMed: Diet-induced hypercholesterolemia alters liver glycosaminoglycans and associated-lipoprotein receptors in rats.
PubMed: Chondroitin sulfate disaccharides modified the structure and function of the murine gut microbiome under healthy and stressed conditions.
PubMed: Glycosaminoglycans from marine sources as therapeutic agents.
PubMed: Macromolecular properties and hypolipidemic effects of four sulfated polysaccharides from sea cucumbers.
PubMed: Combining NMR Spectroscopy and Chemometrics to Monitor Structural Features of Crude Hep-arin.
PubMed: Quantification and comparison of acidic polysaccharides in edible fish intestines and livers using HPLC-MS/MS.
PubMed: Biomimetic electrospun scaffolds from main extracellular matrix components for skin tissue engineering application - The role of chondroitin sulfate and sulfated hyaluronan.
PubMed: Chondroitin Sulfate-Rich Extract of Skate Cartilage Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Liver Damage in Mice.
PubMed: Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory actions of various functional food materials including glucosamine on synovial cells.
PubMed: Sugar sulfates are not hydrolyzed by the acid-inducible sulfatase AslA from Salmonella enterica Enteritidis Nal(R) and Kentucky 3795 at pH 5.5.
PubMed: A bacterial ABC transporter enables import of mammalian host glycosaminoglycans.
PubMed: In vitro fermentation behaviors of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from Pearsonothuria graeffei by human gut microflora.
PubMed: Distribution of uronic acid-containing polysaccharides in 5 species of shellfishes.
PubMed: Randomized Controlled Trial of a MUFA or Fiber-Rich Diet on Hepatic Fat in Prediabetes.
PubMed: Purification and sequence characterization of chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate from fishes.
PubMed: By-products of Scyliorhinus canicula, Prionace glauca and Raja clavata: A valuable source of predominantly 6S sulfated chondroitin sulfate.
PubMed: High Nutrient Concentration Can Induce Virulence Factor Expression and Cause Higher Virulence in an Environmentally Transmitted Pathogen.
PubMed: Purification and characterization of chondroitinase ABC from Acinetobacter sp. C26.
PubMed: Quick characterization of uronic acid-containing polysaccharides in 5 shellfishes by oligosaccharide analysis upon acid hydrolysis.
PubMed: Glycosaminoglycans from chicken muscular stomach or gizzard.
PubMed: Surprising absence of heparin in the intestinal mucosa of baby pigs.
PubMed: Depolymerization of Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate with a Modified Fenton-System and Anticoagulant Activity of the Resulting Fragments.
PubMed: Conformational and physicochemical properties of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.
PubMed: Kinetic and Structural Studies of Interactions between Glycosaminoglycans and Langerin.
PubMed: A new role of hindbrain boundaries as pools of neural stem/progenitor cells regulated by Sox2.
PubMed: Mechanism of Formation and Stabilization of Nanoparticles Produced by Heating Electrostatic Complexes of WPI-Dextran Conjugate and Chondroitin Sulfate.
PubMed: [Characterization of the Gut Bacterial Community of the Japanese Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus].
PubMed: Anti-Aging Effects of the Hanwoo Leg Bone, Foot and Tail Infusions (HLI, HFI and HTI) on Skin Fibroblast.
PubMed: Sulfation pattern of fucose branches affects the anti-hyperlipidemic activities of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate.
PubMed: Safety assessment of non-animal chondroitin sulfate sodium: Subchronic study in rats, genotoxicity tests and human bioavailability.
PubMed: Chondroitinase AC: A host-associated genetic feature of Helicobacter bizzozeronii.
PubMed: Disaccharide analysis of chondroitin and heparin from farmed Atlantic salmon.
PubMed: Glycosaminoglycan remodeling during diabetes and the role of dietary factors in their modulation.
PubMed: Efficient biosynthesis of polysaccharides chondroitin and heparosan by metabolically engineered Bacillus subtilis.
PubMed: Effect of the chelation of metal cation on the antioxidant activity of chondroitin sulfates.
PubMed: Optimisation of the extraction and purification of chondroitin sulphate from head by-products of Prionace glauca by environmental friendly processes.
PubMed: Polypyrrole coating on poly-(lactide/glycolide)-β-tricalcium phosphate screws enhances new bone formation in rabbits.
PubMed: Arresting progressive atherosclerosis by immunization with an anti-glycosaminoglycan monoclonal antibody in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.
PubMed: Synthesis and detection of N-sulfonated oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in marketplace heparin.
PubMed: Heparin and related polysaccharides: synthesis using recombinant enzymes and metabolic engineering.
PubMed: Identification of chondroitin-like molecules from biofilm isolates Exiguobacterium indicum A11 and Lysinibacillus sp. C13.
PubMed: One-hour screening of adulterated heparin by simplified peroxide digestion and fast RPIP-LC-MS(2).
PubMed: The Anticancer Role of Capsaicin in Experimentallyinduced Lung Carcinogenesis.
PubMed: Characterization of acidic polysaccharides from the mollusks through acid hydrolysis.
PubMed: Isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for chondroitin sulfate E.
PubMed: Chondroitin Lyase from a Marine Arthrobacter sp. MAT3885 for the Production of Chondroitin Sulfate Disaccharides.
PubMed: Diet-induced hypercholesterolemia imparts structure-function changes to erythrocyte chondroitin sulphate/dermatan sulphate.
PubMed: Stable nanoparticles prepared by heating electrostatic complexes of whey protein isolate-dextran conjugate and chondroitin sulfate.
PubMed: Chemical characteristics and antithrombotic effect of chondroitin sulfates from sturgeon skull and sturgeon backbone.
PubMed: Self-Assembly and Collagen-Stimulating Activity of a Peptide Amphiphile Incorporating a Peptide Sequence from Lumican.
PubMed: Fucosylated chondroitin sulphate from Cusumaria frondosa mitigates hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation in insulin resistant mice.
PubMed: Composition of glycosaminoglycans in elasmobranchs including several deep-sea sharks: identification of chondroitin/dermatan sulfate from the dried fins of Isurus oxyrinchus and Prionace glauca.
PubMed: Comparative efficacy of chloramphenicol loaded chondroitin sulfate and dextran sulfate nanoparticles to treat intracellular Salmonella infections.
PubMed: Chondroitin for osteoarthritis.
PubMed: Erythrocytes in the combined milieu of high glucose and high cholesterol shows glycosaminoglycan-dependent cytoadherence to extracellular matrix components.
PubMed: Production of chondroitin in metabolically engineered E. coli.
PubMed: Glycosaminoglycans analogs from marine invertebrates: structure, biological effects, and potential as new therapeutics.
PubMed: Chitin and chitosan composites for bone tissue regeneration.
PubMed: Defining the role of common variation in the genomic and biological architecture of adult human height.
PubMed: Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from sea cucumber improves insulin sensitivity via activation of PI3K/PKB pathway.
PubMed: Chondroitin sulphate extracted from antler cartilage using high hydrostatic pressure and enzymatic hydrolysis.
PubMed: Optimisation extraction of chondroitin sulfate from fish bone by high intensity pulsed electric fields.
PubMed: Inhibitory effect of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from the sea cucumber Acaudina molpadioides on adipogenesis is dependent on Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
PubMed: Effect of swimming on clinical functional parameters and serum biomarkers in healthy and osteoarthritic dogs.
PubMed: Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from sea cucumber improves glucose metabolism and activates insulin signaling in the liver of insulin-resistant mice.
PubMed: Extraction of aggrecan-peptide from cartilage by tissue autolysis.
PubMed: Green synthesis of chondroitin sulfate-capped silver nanoparticles: characterization and surface modification.
PubMed: Depletion of perineuronal nets in the amygdala to enhance the erasure of drug memories.
PubMed: Deer bone extract suppresses articular cartilage damage induced by monosodium iodoacetate in osteoarthritic rats: an in vivo micro-computed tomography study.
PubMed: Increased expression of colonic Wnt9A through Sp1-mediated transcriptional effects involving arylsulfatase B, chondroitin 4-sulfate, and galectin-3.
PubMed: Environmental neurotoxins β-N-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA) and mercury in shark cartilage dietary supplements.
PubMed: KfoE encodes a fructosyltransferase involved in capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis in Escherichia coli K4.
PubMed: Oversulfated chondroitin sulfate binds to chemokines and inhibits stromal cell-derived factor-1 mediated signaling in activated T cells.
PubMed: Biochemical and atomic force microscopic characterization of salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan.
PubMed: Enzymatic and regulatory properties of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase from the thermoacidophilic archaeon Thermoplasma acidophilum.
PubMed: Crystal structure of a bacterial unsaturated glucuronyl hydrolase with specificity for heparin.
PubMed: Pharmacogenomic characterization of gemcitabine response--a framework for data integration to enable personalized medicine.
PubMed: Chondroitin sulphate distribution in broiler chicken carcasses.
PubMed: Method to detect contaminants in heparin using radical depolymerization and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Detection of keratan sulfate by immunological methods in commercial chondroitin sulfate preparations.
PubMed: Luminescence response of an osmium(II) complex to macromolecular polyanions for the detection of heparin and chondroitin sulfate in biomedical preparations.
PubMed: Melamine nanosensing with chondroitin sulfate-reduced gold nanoparticles.
PubMed: Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from sea cucumber in combination with rosiglitazone improved glucose metabolism in the liver of the insulin-resistant mice.
PubMed: Homogalacturonans from preinfused green tea: structural characterization and anticomplementary activity of their sulfated derivatives.
PubMed: Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from Acaudina molpadioides improves hyperglycemia via activation of PKB/GLUT4 signaling in skeletal muscle of insulin resistant mice.
PubMed: [Determination of chondroitin sulfate in food supplements by capillary zone electrophoresis].
PubMed: Characterization of currently marketed heparin products: key tests for LMWH quality assurance.
PubMed: High-throughput differentiation of heparin from other glycosaminoglycans by pyrolysis mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Ex vivo porcine model to measure pH dependence of chemical exchange saturation transfer effect of glycosaminoglycan in the intervertebral disc.
PubMed: Transcriptional engineering of Escherichia coli K4 for fructosylated chondroitin production.
PubMed: ROS-major mediators of extracellular matrix remodeling during tumor progression.
PubMed: Dietary interventions for atopic disorders.
PubMed: Depolymerization of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from sea cucumber, Pearsonothuria graeffei, via 60Co irradiation.
PubMed: Chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid and chitin/chitosan production using marine waste sources: characteristics, applications and eco-friendly processes: a review.
PubMed: [Microbial production of chondroitin sulfate: a review].
PubMed: Mass preparation of oligosaccharides by the hydrolysis of chondroitin sulfate polysaccharides with a subcritical water microreaction system.
PubMed: Sequence analysis and domain motifs in the porcine skin decorin glycosaminoglycan chain.
PubMed: The treatment with an anti-glycosaminoglycan antibody reduces aortic oxidative stress in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis.
PubMed: Sulfation pattern of the fucose branch is important for the anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities of fucosylated chondroitin sulfates.
PubMed: Extraction, purification and characterisation of chondroitin sulfate in Chinese sturgeon cartilage.
PubMed: Symptom and structure modification in osteoarthritis with pharmaceutical-grade chondroitin sulfate: what's the evidence?
PubMed: Oversulfated chondroitin sulfate inhibits the complement classical pathway by potentiating C1 inhibitor.
PubMed: Capillary electrophoresis methods for the analysis of antimalarials. Part I. Chiral separation methods.
PubMed: The heparin recall of 2008.
PubMed: Chondroitin sulfate based nanocomplex for enhancing the stability and activity of anthocyanin.
PubMed: Chapter 24: Anaphylaxis.
PubMed: Molecular cloning, purification, and characterization of a novel polyMG-specific alginate lyase responsible for alginate MG block degradation in Stenotrophomas maltophilia KJ-2.
PubMed: Characterization of currently marketed heparin products: adverse event relevant bioassays.
PubMed: Nutritional management of osteoarthritis.
PubMed: Melatonin combined with exercise cannot alleviate cerebral injury in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
PubMed: Cell-Based Microscale Isolation of Glycoaminoglycans for Glycomics Study.
PubMed: Complement C1 esterase inhibitor levels linked to infections and contaminated heparin-associated adverse events.
PubMed: Sequence determination and anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities of a novel sulfated fucan isolated from the sea cucumber Isostichopus badionotus.
PubMed: Separation and purification of phosvitin phosphopeptides using immobilized metal affinity nanoparticles.
PubMed: Erythrocytes express chondroitin sulphate/dermatan sulphate, which undergoes quantitative changes during diabetes and mediate erythrocyte adhesion to extracellular matrix components.
PubMed: Exposure to common food additive carrageenan leads to reduced sulfatase activity and increase in sulfated glycosaminoglycans in human epithelial cells.
PubMed: Ablation of NG2 proteoglycan leads to deficits in brown fat function and to adult onset obesity.
PubMed: Tinospora cordifolia consumption ameliorates changes in kidney chondroitin sulphate/dermatan sulphate in diabetic rats.
PubMed: Lumican is a major small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) skeletal muscle.
PubMed: Concerted and adaptive alignment of decorin dermatan sulfate filaments in the graded organization of collagen fibrils in the equine superficial digital flexor tendon.
PubMed: Proteomic Approach to Evaluate Mechanisms That Contribute to Food Allergenicity: Comparative 2D-DIGE Analysis of Radioallergosorbent Test Positive and Negative Patients.
PubMed: Molecular signature of kappa-carrageenan mimics chondroitin-4-sulfate and dermatan sulfate and enables interaction with arylsulfatase B.
PubMed: High-value components and bioactives from sea cucumbers for functional foods--a review.
PubMed: Effect of a dietary supplement containing glucosamine hydrochloride, chondroitin sulfate and quercetin glycosides on symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
PubMed: Detection of possible economically motivated adulterants in heparin sodium and low molecular weight heparins with a colorimetric microplate based assay.
PubMed: Sensitive detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin sodium or crude heparin with a colorimetric microplate based assay.
PubMed: Diabetes results in structural alteration of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate in the rat kidney: effects on the binding to extracellular matrix components.
PubMed: New and generic anticoagulants and biosimilars: safety considerations.
PubMed: Characterization of currently marketed heparin products: reversed-phase ion-pairing liquid chromatography mass spectrometry of heparin digests.
PubMed: Characterization of currently marketed heparin products: key tests for quality assurance.
PubMed: Description of hypersensitivity adverse events following administration of heparin that was potentially contaminated with oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in early 2008.
PubMed: Extraction, isolation and analysis of chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans.
PubMed: Bradykinin forming capacity of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate contaminated heparin in vitro.
PubMed: Composition of OSCS-contaminated heparin occurring in 2008 in batches on the German market.
PubMed: Assay of possible economically motivated additives or native impurities levels in heparin by 1H NMR, SAX-HPLC, and anticoagulation time approaches.
PubMed: Synergistic chondroprotective effect of alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, and selenium as well as glucosamine and chondroitin on oxidant induced cell death and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-3--studies in cultured chondrocytes.
PubMed: Analysis of crude heparin by (1)H NMR, capillary electrophoresis, and strong-anion-exchange-HPLC for contamination by over sulfated chondroitin sulfate.
PubMed: The clinical effectiveness of glucosamine and chondroitin supplements in slowing or arresting progression of osteoarthritis of the knee: a systematic review and economic evaluation.
PubMed: The tainted heparin story: an update.
PubMed: From crisis to opportunity: a perspective on the heparin crisis.
PubMed: Quality of different chondroitin sulfate preparations in relation to their therapeutic activity.
PubMed: Purified glycosaminoglycans from cooked haddock may enhance Fe uptake via endocytosis in a Caco-2 cell culture model.
PubMed: The proteoglycan bamacan is a host cellular ligand of vaccinia virus neurovirulence factor N1L.
PubMed: Evaluation and comparison of the antioxidative potency of various carbohydrates using different methods.
PubMed: Changes to articular cartilage following remote application of radiofrequency energy and with or without Cosequin therapy.
PubMed: Determination of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate impurities in heparin by capillary electrophoresis.
PubMed: Lessons learned from the contamination of heparin.
PubMed: Tainted heparin crisis tested FDA's investigative skills.
PubMed: Mechanisms of osteoinduction/chondroinduction by demineralized bone.
PubMed: Analysis of heparin sodium by SAX/HPLC for contaminants and impurities.
PubMed: [Milk adulterated with melamine: another scandal in public health].
PubMed: Screening of heparin API by near infrared reflectance and Raman spectroscopy.
PubMed: Isolated glycosaminoglycans from cooked haddock enhance nonheme iron uptake by Caco-2 cells.
PubMed: Inhibition of Taq polymerase as a method for screening heparin for oversulfated contaminants.
PubMed: Chondroitin sulfate extracted from ascidian tunic inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of Inflammatory factors VCAM-1 and COX-2 by blocking NF-kappaB activation in mouse skin.
PubMed: Quality assessment of unfractionated heparin using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
PubMed: [Safety of health foods and importance of their origin].
PubMed: Combating counterfeit drugs.
PubMed: Contaminated heparin associated with adverse clinical events and activation of the contact system.
PubMed: [Comparative studies on the characteristics of the Fourier-transform infrared spectra between sturgeon and shark chondroitin sulfates].
PubMed: Potential glucosamine-warfarin interaction resulting in increased international normalized ratio: case report and review of the literature and MedWatch database.
PubMed: Characterization and purification of glycosaminoglycans from crude biological samples.
PubMed: EDC/NHS-crosslinked type II collagen-chondroitin sulfate scaffold: characterization and in vitro evaluation.
PubMed: Thermal and storage stability of nutraceuticals in a milk beverage dietary supplement.
PubMed: Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate as therapeutic agents for knee and hip osteoarthritis.
PubMed: Chitosan based hydrogel microspheres as drug carriers.
PubMed: Nonheme iron absorption in young women is not influenced by purified sulfated and unsulfated glycosaminoglycans.
PubMed: The utility of nutraceuticals in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
PubMed: Glucosamine regulates differentiation of a chondrogenic cell line, ATDC5.
PubMed: An immunological study of glycosaminoglycans in the connective tissue of bovine and cod skeletal muscle.
PubMed: Identification of the origin of chondroitin sulfate in "health foods".
PubMed: Osteoarthritis of the knee.
PubMed: Do shrimp-allergic individuals tolerate shrimp-derived glucosamine?
PubMed: Acute and subchronic oral toxicity studies in rats of a hydrolyzed chicken sternal cartilage preparation.
PubMed: Crystal structure of unsaturated glucuronyl hydrolase complexed with substrate: molecular insights into its catalytic reaction mechanism.
PubMed: Osteoarthritis and nutrition. From nutraceuticals to functional foods: a systematic review of the scientific evidence.
PubMed: Randomised double-blind, positive-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate for the treatment of dogs with osteoarthritis.
PubMed: Effect of bitter gourd and spent turmeric on constituents of glycosaminoglycans in different tissues in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
PubMed: Sulfated polysaccharides derived from dietary seaweeds increase the esterase activity of a lymphocyte tryptase, granzyme A.
PubMed: Good stuff for joints!
PubMed: Osteoarthritis of the hip.
PubMed: The efficacy of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate in the treatment of osteoarthritis: are these saccharides drugs or nutraceuticals?
PubMed: Nutraceutical therapies for degenerative joint diseases: a critical review.
PubMed: Colon targeted delivery systems: review of polysaccharides for encapsulation and delivery.
PubMed: Sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular matrix of muscle tissue in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and Spotted wolffish (Anarhichas minor).
PubMed: Potentiation of T cell function by a marine algae-derived sulfated polymannuroguluronate: in vitro analysis of novel mechanisms.
PubMed: Increasing trends in elderly persons' use of nonvitamin, nonmineral dietary supplements and concurrent use of medications.
PubMed: Chronic barium intoxication disrupts sulphated proteoglycan synthesis: a hypothesis for the origins of multiple sclerosis.
PubMed: Role of mast cells in gastrointestinal mucosal defense.
PubMed: Naturocetic (glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate) compounds as structure-modifying drugs in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
PubMed: Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate supplementation to treat symptomatic disc degeneration: biochemical rationale and case report.
PubMed: Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of a novel unsaturated glucuronyl hydrolase from Bacillus sp. GL1.
PubMed: Biosynthesis of chondroitinase and hyaluronidase by different strains of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.
PubMed: A novel member of glycoside hydrolase family 88: overexpression, purification, and characterization of unsaturated beta-glucuronyl hydrolase of Bacillus sp. GL1.
PubMed: A size-exclusion HPLC method for the determination of sodium chondroitin sulfate in pharmaceutical preparations.
PubMed: Crystal structure of Bacillus sp. GL1 xanthan lyase, which acts on the side chains of xanthan.
PubMed: When food becomes a drug: nonanabolic nutritional supplement use in athletes.
PubMed: The bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of glucosamine hydrochloride and low molecular weight chondroitin sulfate after single and multiple doses to beagle dogs.
PubMed: The influence of environmental pollution on the amount of glycosoaminoglycans in the tissue of palatine tonsils.
PubMed: Galactosaminoglycan composition in chicken eggshell.
PubMed: Extraction of glycosaminoglycans from chicken eggshell.
PubMed: Extraction of Glycosaminoglycan Peptide from Bovine Nasal Cartilage with 0.1 M Sodium Acetate.
PubMed: Argument against use of food additives for osteoarthritis of the hip.
PubMed: Evidence of nutriceutical effectiveness in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
PubMed: Response of aorta connective tissue matrix to injury caused by vassopressin-induced hypertension or hypercholesterolemia.
PubMed: Mu-class GSTs are responsible for aflatoxin B(1)-8, 9-epoxide-conjugating activity in the nonhuman primate macaca fascicularis liver.
PubMed: The fusion glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus facilitates virus attachment and infectivity via an interaction with cellular heparan sulfate.
PubMed: Sulfated glycosaminoglycans and collagen in two bovine muscles (M. Semitendinosus and M. Psoas major) differing in texture.
PubMed: Unsaturated glucuronyl hydrolase of Bacillus sp. GL1: novel enzyme prerequisite for metabolism of unsaturated oligosaccharides produced by polysaccharide lyases.
PubMed: Nutraceuticals as therapeutic agents in osteoarthritis. The role of glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, and collagen hydrolysate.
PubMed: Infectious laryngotracheitis virus, an alpha herpesvirus that does not interact with cell surface heparan sulfate.
PubMed: Isolation and characterization of proteoglycans from growing antlers of wapiti (Cervus elaphus).
PubMed: Involution of keloid implants in athymic mice treated with pirfenidone or with triamcinolone.
PubMed: Effects of dietary manganese on arterial glycosaminoglycan metabolism in Sprague-Dawley rats.
PubMed: Isolation, characterization and localization of glycosaminoglycans in growing antlers of wapiti (Cervus elaphus).
PubMed: Heparinoid anticoagulation and topical fibrin sealant in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
PubMed: Regulation of anti-HIV-1 activity of RANTES by heparan sulfate proteoglycans.
PubMed: Glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans from different zones of the porcine knee meniscus.
PubMed: Effect of diacetyl rhein on the development of experimental osteoarthritis. A biochemical investigation.
PubMed: Lack of chondroitin sulphate epitope in the proliferating zone of the growth plate of chicken tibia.
PubMed: Light microscopic histochemical and immunohistochemical localisation of sulphated glycosaminoglycans in the rooster comb and wattle tissues.
PubMed: [The coronary artery structure and early atherosclerotic lesions of 80 young adults cases in the Ningbo fishing region].
PubMed: Heparan sulfate is essential to amphiregulin-induced mitogenic signaling by the epidermal growth factor receptor.
PubMed: Cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan mediates HIV-1 infection of T-cell lines.
PubMed: Is dietary ergotamine atherogenic in the rabbit?
PubMed: Enzymatic lysis of sulfated glycosaminoglycans reduces the electrophoretic mobility of vascular endothelial cells.
PubMed: Effect of total food deprivation on the proteoglycans of rat hyaline cartilage and bone.
PubMed: The histology and ultrastructure of ectopic cartilaginous and osseous nodules in the lungs of young broilers with an ascitic syndrome.
PubMed: Ferric chondroitin 6-sulfate (Condrofer): a new potent antianaemic agent with a favourable pharmacokinetic profile.
PubMed: Manganese rickets. A biochemical and stereologic study with special reference to the effect of phosphate.
PubMed: Effect of different doses of D-penicillamine and combined administration of D-penicillamine and methylprednisolone on collagen, glycosaminoglycans, DNA and RNA of granulation tissue, skin, bone and aorta in rats.
PubMed: The influence of pre- and perinatal malnutrition on sulphated glycosaminoglycans in rat brain.
PubMed: Effects of pre- and peri-natal restricted food intake on sulphated glycosaminoglycan concentrations in rat brain.
PubMed: Enzyme potentiated hyposensitization: V. Five case reports of patients with acute food allergy.
PubMed: The effect of oestradiol-17 on the metabolism of chondroitin sulphate B. V. The effect of oestradiol-17 on the protein content and composition of the uridine diphosphate-D-glucuronic acid-5-epimerase-containing protein fraction of rat skin.
Synonyms   Articles   Notes   Search   Top
Please share your Comments.
Email Address:
 
 
 
 
Top of Page Home
Copyright © 1980-2020 Perflavory ™ Disclaimer Privacy Policy