fennel
 
Notes:
None found
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Category: food additive
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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Physical Properties:
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
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Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
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Cosmetic Information:
None found
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Suppliers:
SupHerb Farms
Fennel Chopped
Fresh Frozen
Vege Tech
O.C. Fennel
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Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: food additive
Recommendation for fennel usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for fennel flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
None found
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References:
None found
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Other Information:
FDA Listing of Food Additive Status: View
Wikipedia: View
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Potential Blenders and core components note
 
None Found
 
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Potential Uses:
None Found
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 natural
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Synonyms:
 fennel
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Articles:
PubMed: Potential of spice-derived phytochemicals for cancer prevention.
PubMed: Inhibitory effects of spice essential oils on the growth of Bacillus species.
PubMed: Character impact odorants of fennel fruits and fennel tea.
PubMed: Investigation on the phenolics of some spices having pharmacotherapeuthic properties.
PubMed: Detection and masking of spoiled food smells by odor maps in the olfactory bulb.
PubMed: [Fennel tea: risk assessment of the phytogenic monosubstance estragole in comparison to the natural multicomponent mixture].
PubMed: [Influence of spiced feed additives on taste of hen's eggs].
PubMed: Antimicrobial and P450 inhibitory properties of common functional foods.
PubMed: Preparation of sulfonated graphene/polypyrrole solid-phase microextraction coating by in situ electrochemical polymerization for analysis of trace terpenes.
PubMed: Thermooxidative stability of fennel oleoresin microencapsulated in blended biopolymer agents.
PubMed: The effects of selected hot and cold temperament herbs based on Iranian traditional medicine on some metabolic parameters in normal rats.
PubMed: Discrimination of fennel chemotypes applying IR and Raman spectroscopy: discovery of a new γ-asarone chemotype.
PubMed: The chemical composition of essential oils isolated from sweet fennel fruits available as herbal tea products.
PubMed: Properties of cassava starch-based edible coating containing essential oils.
PubMed: Chemical analysis of estragole in fennel based teas and associated safety assessment using the Margin of Exposure (MOE) approach.
PubMed: Mugwort-fennel-allergy-syndrome associated with sensitization to an allergen homologous to Api g 5.
PubMed: Aroma-impact compounds in dried spice as a quality index using solid phase microextraction with olfactometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography.
PubMed: Efficacy of plant essential oils on postharvest control of rots caused by fungi on different stone fruits in vivo.
PubMed: Effect of essential oil from fresh leaves of Ocimum gratissimum L. on mycoflora during storage of peanuts in Benin.
PubMed: Nitrites derived from Foneiculum vulgare (fennel) seeds promotes vascular functions.
PubMed: Fennel allergy is a lipid-transfer protein (LTP)-related food hypersensitivity associated with peach allergy.
PubMed: Antioxidant activity and protecting health effects of common medicinal plants.
PubMed: Contamination of vegetables, fruits and soil with geohelmints eggs on organic farms in Poland.
PubMed: Dietary spices protect against hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage and inhibit nicotine-induced cancer cell migration.
PubMed: Depolymerized carrageenan ameliorates growth, physiological attributes, essential oil yield and active constituents of Foeniculum vulgare Mill.
PubMed: Can estragole in fennel seed decoctions really be considered a danger for human health? A fennel safety update.
PubMed: Essential oils to control Botrytis cinerea in vitro and in vivo on plum fruits.
PubMed: Bovine milk usage and feeding practices for infants in India.
PubMed: Assessment of fennel aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and their predators in fennel intercropped with cotton with colored fibers.
PubMed: Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of aqueous infusions from Capparis spinosa L. and Crithmum maritimum L. before and after submission to a two-step in vitro digestion model.
PubMed: Functional foods with digestion-enhancing properties.
PubMed: Evaluation of essential oils for maintaining postharvest quality of Thompson seedless table grape.
PubMed: Essential oil composition and antiradical activity of the oil of Iraq plants.
PubMed: Antioxidant and anticarcinogenic effects of methanolic extract and volatile oil of fennel seeds (Foeniculum vulgare).
PubMed: Antioxidant activities of hot water extracts from various spices.
PubMed: Antimicrobial activity of plant essential oils against bacterial and fungal species involved in food poisoning and/or food decay.
PubMed: Quantification of estragole in fennel herbal teas: implications on the assessment of dietary exposure to estragole.
PubMed: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food: downstream contamination in the food chain caused by honey and pollen.
PubMed: Biodegradable gelatin-chitosan films incorporated with essential oils as antimicrobial agents for fish preservation.
PubMed: [Diversity of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) using aromatic plants (Apiaceae) as survival and reproduction sites in agroecological system].
PubMed: Antidiabetic screening of commercial botanical products in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and db/db mice.
PubMed: Salmonella Senftenberg infections and fennel seed tea, Serbia.
PubMed: Development of a cost-effective method for nitrate and nitrite determination in leafy plants and nitrate and nitrite contents of some green leafy vegetables grown in the Aegean region of Turkey.
PubMed: Effects of extracts of spices on rumen methanogenesis, enzyme activities and fermentation of feeds in vitro.
PubMed: Antimicrobial activities of essential oil and hexane extract of Florence fennel [Foeniculum vulgare var. azoricum (Mill.) Thell.] against foodborne microorganisms.
PubMed: Effect of Carnitine and herbal mixture extract on obesity induced by high fat diet in rats.
PubMed: Immune defense of rats immunized with fennel honey, propolis, and bee venom against induced staphylococcal infection.
PubMed: Systematic evaluation of the antioxidant potential of different parts of Foeniculumvulgare Mill. from Portugal.
PubMed: Carvacrol, a component of thyme oil, activates PPARalpha and gamma and suppresses COX-2 expression.
PubMed: Antioxidant activity, phenolic content, and peroxide value of essential oil and extracts of some medicinal and aromatic plants used as condiments and herbal teas in Turkey.
PubMed: Chemomodulatory action of Foeniculum vulgare (Fennel) on skin and forestomach papillomagenesis, enzymes associated with xenobiotic metabolism and antioxidant status in murine model system.
PubMed: Efficacy of plant essential oils against foodborne pathogens and spoilage bacteria associated with ready-to-eat vegetables: antimicrobial and sensory screening.
PubMed: Potential of spice-derived phytochemicals for cancer prevention.
PubMed: Antioxidant activity and phenolic composition of wild, edible, and medicinal fennel from different Mediterranean countries.
PubMed: Determination of the antioxidant capacity of culinary herbs subjected to various cooking and storage processes using the ABTS(*+) radical cation assay.
PubMed: Inhibition on human liver cytochrome P450 3A4 by constituents of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare): identification and characterization of a mechanism-based inactivator.
PubMed: Evaluation of antibacterial activity of selected Iranian essential oils against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in nutrient broth medium.
PubMed: Fennel waste-based films suitable for protecting cultivations.
PubMed: Detection of some safe plant-derived foods for LTP-allergic patients.
PubMed: Comparative essential oil composition and antifungal effect of bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare ssp. piperitum) fruit oils obtained during different vegetation.
PubMed: Effects of essential oils from fennel (Foeniculi aetheroleum) and caraway (Carvi aetheroleum) in pigs.
PubMed: Inhibitory effects of spice essential oils on the growth of Bacillus species.
PubMed: Analytical discrimination of poisonous and nonpoisonous chemotypes of giant fennel (Ferula communis L.) through their biologically active and volatile fractions.
PubMed: Comparison of the volatile composition of wild fennel samples (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) from central Spain.
PubMed: Determination of phenolic compounds in fennel by HPLC and HPLC-MS using a monolithic reversed-phase column.
PubMed: Character impact odorants of fennel fruits and fennel tea.
PubMed: [The effects of inhalation of essential oils on the body weight, food efficiency rate and serum leptin of growing SD rats].
PubMed: Constituents of the essential oil of sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) growing wild in Turkey.
PubMed: Molecular targets of dietary agents for prevention and therapy of cancer.
PubMed: A novel approach for calculating shelf life of minimally processed vegetables.
PubMed: Occupational asthma due to carrot in a cook.
PubMed: Molecular epidemiology of Salmonella enterica serovar Agona: characterization of a diffuse outbreak caused by aniseed-fennel-caraway infusion.
PubMed: The use of health foods, spices and other botanicals in the Sikh community in London.
PubMed: Effect of spice hydrosols on the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 strain.
PubMed: Severe methemoglobinemia due to food intoxication in infants.
PubMed: Investigation on the phenolics of some spices having pharmacotherapeuthic properties.
PubMed: Polyacetylenes from the Apiaceae vegetables carrot, celery, fennel, parsley, and parsnip and their cytotoxic activities.
PubMed: Detection and masking of spoiled food smells by odor maps in the olfactory bulb.
PubMed: Herbs as a food source in Turkey.
PubMed: Antioxidant activity of the aqueous extracts of spicy food additives--evaluation and comparison with ascorbic acid in in-vitro systems.
PubMed: Separation and characterization of phenolic compounds in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) using liquid chromatography-negative electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Bioguided isolation and identification of the nonvolatile antioxidant compounds from fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) waste.
PubMed: In vitro influence of spices and spice-active principles on digestive enzymes of rat pancreas and small intestine.
PubMed: Radical scavenging and iron-chelating activities of some greens used as traditional dishes in Mediterranean diet.
PubMed: Development of a toxic bait for control of eastern lubber grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae).
PubMed: Glucuronidation of 1'-hydroxyestragole (1'-HE) by human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases UGT2B7 and UGT1A9.
PubMed: Comparison between the radical scavenging activity and antioxidant activity of six distilled and nondistilled mediterranean herbs and aromatic plants.
PubMed: 2H/(1)H and (13)C/(12)C isotope ratios of trans-anethole using gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Food allergy and IgE sensitization caused by spices: CICBAA data (based on 589 cases of food allergy).
PubMed: Occupational rhinoconjunctivitis and food allergy because of aniseed sensitization.
PubMed: The survival of hepatitis A virus in fresh produce.
PubMed: Essential oil composition of sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum) form Turkey.
PubMed: Antimicrobial activity of essential oils from plants against selected pathogenic and saprophytic microorganisms.
PubMed: [Attention deficit and infantile hyperactivity].
PubMed: Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Foeniculum vulgare and Crithmum maritimum essential oils.
PubMed: Characterization of some Italian types of wild fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.).
PubMed: Identification by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS analyses and quantification of constituents of fennel teas and decoctions.
PubMed: Fennel, cucumber, and melon allergy successfully treated with pollen-specific injection immunotherapy.
PubMed: The influence of a capacitor plant in Serpukhov on vegetable contamination by polychlorinated biphenyls.
PubMed: Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and fractionation of fennel oil.
PubMed: Influence of gamma-irradiation and microwaves on the antioxidant property of some essential oils.
PubMed: Characterization of allergens in Apiaceae spices: anise, fennel, coriander and cumin.
PubMed: Relevance of pollen-specific IgE levels to the development of Apiaceae hypersensitivity in patients with birch pollen allergy.
PubMed: Inhibition of the mutagenicity of 2-nitrofluorene, 3-nitrofluoranthene and 1-nitropyrene by vitamins, porphyrins and related compounds, and vegetable and fruit juices and solvent extracts.
PubMed: Labial food challenge in children with food allergy.
PubMed: Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enteriditis by combinations of plant oils and derivatives of benzoic acid: the development of synergistic antimicrobial combinations.
PubMed: Occupational allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma due to fennel seed.
PubMed: [Diagnosis of food allergy caused by fruit and vegetables in children with atopic dermatitis].
PubMed: Natural occurrence of mycotoxins in different spices in Egypt.
PubMed: In vitro effect of vegetable and fruit juices on the mutagenicity of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline, 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline and 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline.
PubMed: [The content of nitrates and nitrites in fruits, vegetables and other foodstuffs].
PubMed: [Plasma levels of psoralens after celery ingestion].
PubMed: [Neglected allergens].
PubMed: Spice allergy in celery-sensitive patients.
PubMed: [Pollinosis and oral allergy syndrome].
PubMed: [Gram-negative flora of horticultural produce destined for consumption mainly in the raw state].
PubMed: Microbiological survey of selected imported spices and associated fecal pellet specimens.
PubMed: Occurrence of toxicity among protease, amylase, and color mutants of a nontoxic soy sauce koji mold.
PubMed: [The celery-carrot-mugwort-condiment syndrome: skin test and RAST results].
PubMed: [Food allergy: the celery-mugwort-spice syndrome. Association with mango allergy?].
PubMed: [Yersinia enterocolitica: biotypes and serotypes isolated from horticultural products].
PubMed: [First isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica in several horticultural products intended usually to be consumed fresh].
PubMed: [Isolation and identification of flavon(ol)-O-glycosides in caraway (Carum carvi L.), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), and of flavon-C-glycosides in anise. I. Phenolics of spices (author's transl)].
PubMed: Bacteriological quality assessment of fresh marketed lettuce and fennel.
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