european white birch oil
volatile oil obtained from the birch, betula alba l., betulaceae
 
Notes:
tsca definition 2008: extractives and their physically modified derivatives. betula alba, betula pendula and betula pubescens, betulaceae.
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Name: betula alba l. oil
CAS Number: 8001-88-5 
Other(deleted CASRN): 61789-93-3
Name: betula alba l. leaf bud oil
CAS Number: 8027-43-8 
Category: fragrance agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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Physical Properties:
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Soluble in:
 alcohol
 water, 0.0001726 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Insoluble in:
 water
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Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
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Cosmetic Information:
CosIng: cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: fragrance
perfuming agents
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Suppliers:
 None found
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Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: fragrance agents
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
IFRA Critical Effect: Carcinogenicity, genotoxicity by release of polynuclear hydrocarbons (PAH)
IFRA: View Standard
 
Recommendation for european white birch oil flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
EPI System: View
AIDS Citations: Search
Cancer Citations: Search
Toxicology Citations: Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): 8001-88-5
EPA ACToR: Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
 betula alba l. oil
Chemidplus: 0008001885
 betula alba l. leaf bud oil
Chemidplus: 0008027438
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References:
 betula alba l. oil
Canada Domestic Sub. List: 8001-88-5
Pubchem (sid): 135280026
 betula alba l. leaf bud oil
Canada Domestic Sub. List: 8027-43-8
Pubchem (sid): 135350104
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Other Information:
Wikipedia: View
FAO Doc: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION
FAO: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION
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Potential Blenders and core components note
 
None Found
 
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Potential Uses:
None Found
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 betula alba
Search Trop  Picture
 birch downy birch
Search Trop  Picture
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Synonyms:
 betula alba oil
 betula alba var. pubescens oil
 betula odorata oil
 betula pubescens oil
 betula pubescens subsp. tortuosa oil
 betula pubescens var. pubescens oil
 betula tortuosa oil
downy birch oil
european white birch oil
moor birch oil
 volatile oil obtained from the birch, betula alba l., betulaceae
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Articles:
PubMed: Essential and non-essential elements in natural vegetation in southern Norway: Contribution from different sources.
PubMed: Sap-feeding insects on forest trees along latitudinal gradients in northern Europe: a climate-driven patterns.
PubMed: Effect of heat treatment of wood on the morphology, surface roughness and penetration of simulated and human blood.
PubMed: Molecular footprints of the Holocene retreat of dwarf birch in Britain.
PubMed: Treeline advances along the Urals mountain range - driven by improved winter conditions?
PubMed: Mitochondrial toxin betulinic acid induces in vitro eryptosis in human red blood cells through membrane permeabilization.
PubMed: Spatial heterogeneity in the timing of birch budburst in response to future climate warming in Ireland.
PubMed: Gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric characterization of trimethylsilyl derivatives of some terpene alcohol phenylpropenoids.
PubMed: Effects of species-specific leaf characteristics and reduced water availability on fine particle capture efficiency of trees.
PubMed: Allergic contact dermatitis caused by betulin-containing triterpene extract from the outer bark of birch (Betula alba).
PubMed: Simulated browsing affects leaf shedding phenology and litter quality of oak and birch saplings.
PubMed: The skin prick test - European standards.
PubMed: Changes in crown architecture as a strategy of mountain birch for survival in habitats disturbed by pollution.
PubMed: Effect of different steam explosion conditions on methane potential and enzymatic saccharification of birch.
PubMed: Influence of betulinic acid on lymphocyte subsets and humoral immune response in mice.
PubMed: Defining an adequate sample of earlywood vessels for retrospective injury detection in diffuse-porous species.
PubMed: Genetic and environmental factors behind foliar chemistry of the mature mountain birch.
PubMed: Nonvolatile chemical cues affect host-plant ranking by gravid Polygonia c-album females.
PubMed: The minimum temperature for budburst in Betula depends on the state of dormancy.
PubMed: Interspecific variation in resistance of Asian, European, and North American birches (Betula spp.) to bronze birch borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae).
PubMed: Species-specific effect of UV-B radiation on the temporal pattern of leaf growth.
PubMed: Decreased frost hardiness of Vaccinium vitis-idaea in reponse to UV-A radiation.
PubMed: Isolation of methyl syringate as a specific aflatoxin production inhibitor from the essential oil of Betula alba and aflatoxin production inhibitory activities of its related compounds.
PubMed: Tree and shrub expansion over the past 34 years at the tree-line near Abisko, Sweden.
PubMed: Assessment of biological and environmental phenology at a landscape level from 30 years of fixed-date repeat photography in northern Sweden.
PubMed: Potential macro-detritivore range expansion into the subarctic stimulates litter decomposition: a new positive feedback mechanism to climate change?
PubMed: Dermocosmetics for dry skin: a new role for botanical extracts.
PubMed: [Comparative evaluation of 238U and 226Ra absorption by herbaceous and woody species under conditions of technogenic pollution].
PubMed: Browsing affects intra-ring carbon allocation in species with contrasting wood anatomy.
PubMed: [Advances in the study of structural modifications and biological activities of betulinic acids].
PubMed: Ethanol extract from birch bark (Betula pubescens) suppresses human dendritic cell mediated Th1 responses and directs it towards a Th17 regulatory response in vitro.
PubMed: Ectomycorrhizal roots select distinctive bacterial and ascomycete communities in Swedish subarctic forests.
PubMed: Experimental evidence for herbivore limitation of the treeline.
PubMed: The ecological significance of phenology in four different tree species: effects of light and temperature on bud burst.
PubMed: Topical treatment of necrotising herpes zoster with betulin from birch bark.
PubMed: Platanus pollen allergen, Pla a 1: quantification in the atmosphere and influence on a sensitizing population.
PubMed: Which plant for which skin disease? Part 2: Dermatophytes, chronic venous insufficiency, photoprotection, actinic keratoses, vitiligo, hair loss, cosmetic indications.
PubMed: Seasonal fluctuations in leaf phenolic composition under UV manipulations reflect contrasting strategies of alder and birch trees.
PubMed: Effects of elevated ultraviolet-B radiation on a plant-herbivore interaction.
PubMed: Doubled volatile organic compound emissions from subarctic tundra under simulated climate warming.
PubMed: Forage quantity, quality and depletion as scale-dependent mechanisms driving habitat selection of a large browsing herbivore.
PubMed: The rhizosphere and PAH amendment mediate impacts on functional and structural bacterial diversity in sandy peat soil.
PubMed: Solar ultraviolet radiation alters alder and birch litter chemistry that in turn affects decomposers and soil respiration.
PubMed: Effect of ecosystem retrogression on stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes of plants, soils and consumer organisms in boreal forest islands.
PubMed: Effects of a warmer climate on seed germination in the subarctic.
PubMed: The effect of heat treatment of wood on osteoconductivity.
PubMed: Mountain birch under multiple stressors--heavy metal-resistant populations co-resistant to biotic stress but maladapted to abiotic stress.
PubMed: Detection of allergen composition and in vivo immunogenicity of depigmented allergoids of Betula alba.
PubMed: Larval parasitism of the autumnal moth reduces feeding intensity on the mountain birch.
PubMed: Metabolic modifications of birch leaf phenolics by an herbivorous insect: detoxification of flavonoid aglycones via glycosylation.
PubMed: Concentrations of foliar quercetin in natural populations of white birch (Betula pubescens) increase with latitude.
PubMed: Climatic warming increases isoprene emission from a subarctic heath.
PubMed: Effect of birch (Betula spp.) and associated rhizoidal bacteria on the degradation of soil polyaromatic hydrocarbons, PAH-induced changes in birch proteome and bacterial community.
PubMed: From plants to birds: higher avian predation rates in trees responding to insect herbivory.
PubMed: Comparative measurements of transpiration and canopy conductance in two mixed deciduous woodlands differing in structure and species composition.
PubMed: Mycorrhizal colonisation of mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) along three environmental gradients: does life in harsh environments alter plant-fungal relationships?
PubMed: Fecundity of the autumnal moth depends on pooled geometrid abundance without a time lag: implications for cyclic population dynamics.
PubMed: Use of phenological and pollen-production data for interpreting atmospheric birch pollen curves.
PubMed: Rapid evolution towards heavy metal resistance by mountain birch around two subarctic copper-nickel smelters.
PubMed: Trends in phenology of Betula pubescens across the boreal zone in Finland.
PubMed: Fragmented environment affects birch leaf endophytes.
PubMed: [An orientational examination of the effects of extracts from mixtures of herbal drugs on selected renal functions].
PubMed: Remediation of heavy metal-contaminated forest soil using recycled organic matter and native woody plants.
PubMed: Immunomodulatory effects of aqueous birch pollen extracts and phytoprostanes on primary immune responses in vivo.
PubMed: Foliar phenolics are differently associated with Epirrita autumnata growth and immunocompetence.
PubMed: Element contents in leaves of four plant species (birch, mountain ash, fern and spruce) along anthropogenic and geogenic concentration gradients.
PubMed: Recent invasion of the mountain birch Betula pubescens ssp. tortuosa above the treeline due to climate change: genetic and ecological study in northern Sweden.
PubMed: Budburst phenology of white birch in industrially polluted areas.
PubMed: Ecological role of reindeer summer browsing in the mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) forests: effects on plant defense, litter decomposition, and soil nutrient cycling.
PubMed: Betulinic acid decreases expression of bcl-2 and cyclin D1, inhibits proliferation, migration and induces apoptosis in cancer cells.
PubMed: Sexual reproduction advances autumn leaf colours in mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii).
PubMed: Growing seasons of Nordic mountain birch in northernmost Europe as indicated by long-term field studies and analyses of satellite images.
PubMed: Newly hatched neonate larvae can glycosylate: the fate of Betula pubescens bud flavonoids in first instar Epirrita autumnata.
PubMed: Wound-induced oxidative responses in mountain birch leaves.
PubMed: Do competition and herbivory alter the internal nitrogen dynamics of birch saplings?
PubMed: Phenology and abundance in relation to climatic variation in a sub-arctic insect herbivore-mountain birch system.
PubMed: [Sensitization to Castanea sativa pollen and pollinosis in northern Extremadura (Spain)].
PubMed: Pollen-associated phytoprostanes inhibit dendritic cell interleukin-12 production and augment T helper type 2 cell polarization.
PubMed: Pollution resistance of mountain birch, Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii, near the copper-nickel smelter: natural selection or phenotypic acclimation?
PubMed: Sources of variation in concentrations of nickel and copper in mountain birch foliage near a nickel-copper smelter at Monchegorsk, north-western Russia: results of long-term monitoring.
PubMed: Defensive effect of surface flavonoid aglycones of Betula pubescens leaves against first instar Epirrita autumnata larvae.
PubMed: Stature of sub-arctic birch in relation to growth rate, lifespan and tree form.
PubMed: Reduction in size and fecundity of the autumnal moth, Epirrita autumnata, in the increase phase of a population cycle.
PubMed: Reproduction of mountain birch along a strong pollution gradient near Monchegorsk, Northwestern Russia.
PubMed: Autumn coloration as a signal of tree condition.
PubMed: Chemotaxis and activation of human peripheral blood eosinophils induced by pollen-associated lipid mediators.
PubMed: Defoliation increases carbon limitation in ectomycorrhizal symbiosis of Betula pubescens.
PubMed: Rapid herbivore-induced changes in mountain birch phenolics and nutritive compounds and their effects on performance of the major defoliator, Epirrita autumnata.
PubMed: Root versus canopy uptake of heavy metals by birch in an industrially polluted area: contrasting behaviour of nickel and copper.
PubMed: Photoperiod and temperature differentially regulate the expression of two dehydrin genes during overwintering of birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.).
PubMed: Early developmental responses of mountain birch (Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii) seedlings to different concentrations of phosphorus.
PubMed: Characteristics of pollinosis caused by Betula in patients from Ourense (Galicia, Spain).
PubMed: Effects of sample drying and storage, and choice of extraction solvent and analysis method on the yield of birch leaf hydrolyzable tannins.
PubMed: [Legume cross-reactivity].
PubMed: Performance of the cyclic autumnal moth, Epirrita autumnata, in relation to birch mast seeding.
PubMed: Resource allocation in different parts of juvenile mountain birch plants: effect of nitrogen supply on seedling phenolics and growth.
PubMed: Putting the insect into the birch-insect interaction.
PubMed: Spatial responses of two herbivore groups to a geometrid larva on mountain birch.
PubMed: Xylem ray parenchyma cells in boreal hardwood species respond to subfreezing temperatures by deep supercooling that is accompanied by incomplete desiccation.
PubMed: Host-associated allozyme variation in tree cambium miners, Phytobia spp. (Diptera: Agromyzidae).
PubMed: Environmental conditions and host genotype direct genetic diversity of Venturia ditricha, a fungal endophyte of birch trees.
PubMed: Lipid mediators from pollen act as chemoattractants and activators of polymorphonuclear granulocytes.
PubMed: Nitrate reductase activity in some subarctic species and UV influence in the foliage of Betula pendula Roth. seedlings.
PubMed: Morphological, cytogenetic, and molecular evidence for introgressive hybridization in birch.
PubMed: Phenological modifications in plants by various edaphic factors.
PubMed: Influence of extreme pollution on the inorganic chemical composition of some plants.
PubMed: Comparison of the element composition in several plant species and their substrate from a 1500000-km2 area in Northern Europe.
PubMed: Patterns in content of phenolic compounds in leaves of mountain birches along a strong pollution gradient.
PubMed: Olfactory responses of Ips duplicatus from inner Mongolia, China to nonhost leaf and bark volatiles.
PubMed: The shoot apical meristem restores its symplasmic organization during chilling-induced release from dormancy.
PubMed: Seasonal variation in the content of hydrolysable tannins in leaves of Betula pubescens.
PubMed: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies of homeopathic solutions.
PubMed: Clonal differences in copper and zinc tolerance of birch in metal-supplemented soils.
PubMed: Phenolic and phenolic-related factors as determinants of suitability of mountain birch leaves to an herbivorous insect.
PubMed: Antimicrobial effects of Finnish plant extracts containing flavonoids and other phenolic compounds.
PubMed: Characterisation of hydrolysable tannins from leaves of Betula pubescens by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Effects of Resource Availability on Carbon Allocation and Developmental Instability in Cloned Birch Seedlings.
PubMed: Minimal persistent inflammation is also present in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis.
PubMed: Comparison of digestion methods for determination of trace and minor metals in plant samples.
PubMed: Dehydrins in cold-acclimated apices of birch (Betula pubescens ehrh. ): production, localization and potential role in rescuing enzyme function during dehydration
PubMed: Air-pollutant dispersal patterns and vegetation damage in the vicinity of three aluminium smelters in Norway.
PubMed: Host-driven population dynamics in an herbivorous insect.
PubMed: Structural analysis of N-glycans from allergenic grass, ragweed and tree pollens: core alpha1,3-linked fucose and xylose present in all pollens examined.
PubMed: Genetic and environmental factors affecting the allergenicity of birch (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii [Orl.] Hämet-ahti) pollen.
PubMed: Immunotherapy with sublingual birch pollen extract. A short-term double-blind placebo study.
PubMed: Variation in ozone sensitivity among clones of Betula pendula and Betula pubescens.
PubMed: Variation of total phenolic content and individual low-molecular-weight phenolics in foliage of mountain birch trees (Betula pubescens ssp.tortuosa).
PubMed: Density patterns of gall mites (Acarina:Eriophyidae) in a polluted area.
PubMed: The major birch pollen allergen, Bet v 1, shows ribonuclease activity.
PubMed: Variation among and within mountain birch trees in foliage phenols, carbohydrates, and amino acids, and in growth ofEpirrita autumnata larvae.
PubMed: Comparative studies of allergenic extracts prepared from freshly collected, dried, or dried and defatted pollen.
PubMed: Effect of carbon dioxide concentration on biomass production and partitioning in Betula pubescens Ehrh. seedlings at different ozone and temperature regimes.
PubMed: Influence of environment, fertilizer and genotype on shoot morphology and subsequent rooting of birch cuttings.
PubMed: Root produced DHZR-, ZR- and IPA-like cytokinins in xylem sap in relation to coppice shoot initiation and growth in cloned trees of Betula pubescens.
PubMed: Seasonal changes in bud dormancy in relation to bud morphology, water and starch content, and abscisic acid concentration in adult trees of Betula pubescens.
PubMed: Simulated acid rain affects birch leaf endophyte populations.
PubMed: Root aeration in wetland trees by pressurized gas transport.
PubMed: Estimation of IgE antibodies to the common allergens by reverse enzyme immunoassay. Comparison with the radioallergosorbent test.
PubMed: Effects of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, singly and in mixture, on the macroscopic growth of three birch clones.
PubMed: Stomatal resistance, photosynthesis and water relations in mountain birch in the subarctic.
PubMed: Measurement of xylanase activity with insoluble xylan substrate.
PubMed: The enrichment of (18)O in leaf water under natural conditions.
PubMed: Studies on the role of abscisic acid in the initiation of bud dormancy in Alnus glutinosa and Betula pubescens.
PubMed: Some physiological responses to d,l abscisin (dormin).
PubMed: [Triterpenes of Betula pendula Roth and Betula pubescens Ehrh. Comparative study of the bark].
PubMed: Apical dominance and the effect of gravity on nutrient distribution.
PubMed: [Isolation of a myricetin-3-digalactoside from Betula verrucosa and Betula pubescens].
PubMed: [Combination of Betula Alba, sodium glycerophosphate and vitamin B1 (betul); therapeutic applications in dermatology].
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