clivorine
 
Notes:
None found
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CAS Number: 33979-15-6Picture of molecule3D/inchi
XlogP3-AA: 2.00 (est)
Molecular Weight: 405.44759000
Formula: C21 H27 N O7
NMR Predictor: Predict (works with chrome or firefox)
Category: natural substances and extractives
 
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Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00 % 
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Soluble in:
 water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
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Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
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Cosmetic Information:
None found
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Suppliers:
 None found
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Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: natural substances and extractives
Recommendation for clivorine usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for clivorine flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
EPI System: View
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: Search
Cancer Citations: Search
Toxicology Citations: Search
Carcinogenic Potency Database: Search
EPA ACToR: Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : 21606566
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
Chemidplus: 0033979156
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References:
NIST Chemistry WebBook: Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid): 21606566
Pubchem (cas): 33979-15-6
Pherobase: View
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Other Information:
(IUPAC): Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos: The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc: Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC): Periodic Table of the Elements
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): Search
VCF-Online: VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider: View
Wikipedia: View
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Potential Blenders and core components note
 
None Found
 
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Potential Uses:
None Found
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 brachyglottis sciadophila
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 ligularia dentata
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Synonyms:
(8?,12S,13S,14Z)-12-acetoxy-4-methyl-11,16-dioxo-14,21-didehydrosenecionan-4-ium-8-olate
 senecionanium, 12-(acetyloxy)-14,15,20,21-tetradehydro-15,20-dihydro-8-hydroxy-4-methyl-11,16-dioxo-, (8-xi,12-beta,14-Z)-
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Articles:
PubMed: Differential induction of apoptosis and autophagy by pyrrolizidine alkaloid clivorine in human hepatoma Huh-7.5 cells and its toxic implication.
PubMed: Clivorine, an otonecine pyrrolizidine alkaloid from Ligularia species, impairs neuronal differentiation via NGF-induced signaling pathway in cultured PC12 cells.
PubMed: The involvement of p62-Keap1-Nrf2 antioxidative signaling pathway and JNK in the protection of natural flavonoid quercetin against hepatotoxicity.
PubMed: Quercetin prevents pyrrolizidine alkaloid clivorine-induced liver injury in mice by elevating body defense capacity.
PubMed: Assessment of pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced toxicity in an in vitro screening model.
PubMed: Pyrrolizidine alkaloid-derived DNA adducts as a common biological biomarker of pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced tumorigenicity.
PubMed: The gender-dependent difference of liver GSH antioxidant system in mice and its influence on isoline-induced liver injury.
PubMed: Pyrrolizidine alkaloid clivorine induced oxidative injury on primary cultured rat hepatocytes.
PubMed: Pyrrolizidine alkaloid clivorine-induced oxidative stress injury in human normal liver L-02 cells.
PubMed: Protective mechanisms of N-acetyl-cysteine against pyrrolizidine alkaloid clivorine-induced hepatotoxicity.
PubMed: Protection of epidermal growth factor against clivorine-induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in hepatocytes.
PubMed: Protection of S-adenosyl methionine against the toxicity of clivorine on hepatocytes.
PubMed: Involvement of Bcl-xL degradation and mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathway in pyrrolizidine alkaloids-induced apoptosis in hepatocytes.
PubMed: Formation of DHP-derived DNA adducts from metabolic activation of the prototype heliotridine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloid, heliotrine.
PubMed: The toxic effect of pyrrolizidine alkaloid clivorine on the human embryonic kidney 293 cells and its primary mechanism.
PubMed: Intracellular glutathione plays important roles in pyrrolizidine alkaloid clivorine-induced toxicity on L-02 hepatocytes.
PubMed: In vitro metabolism of isoline, a pyrrolizidine alkaloid from Ligularia duciformis, by rodent liver microsomal esterase and enhanced hepatotoxicity by esterase inhibitors.
PubMed: Deacetylclivorine: a gender-selective metabolite of clivorine formed in female Sprague-Dawley rat liver microsomes.
PubMed: Formation of DHP-derived DNA adducts from metabolic activation of the prototype heliotridine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloid, lasiocarpine.
PubMed: Pyrrolizidine alkaloid clivorine induces apoptosis in human normal liver L-02 cells and reduces the expression of p53 protein.
PubMed: Metabolic formation of DHP-derived DNA adducts from a representative otonecine type pyrrolizidine alkaloid clivorine and the extract of Ligularia hodgsonnii hook.
PubMed: Gender differences in microsomal metabolic activation of hepatotoxic clivorine in rat.
PubMed: Pyrrolizidine alkaloid clivorine inhibits human normal liver L-02 cells growth and activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in L-02 cells.
PubMed: Species differences in the in vitro metabolic activation of the hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid clivorine.
PubMed: Simultaneous analysis of clivorine and its four microsomal metabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed: Characterization of rat liver microsomal metabolites of clivorine, an hepatotoxic otonecine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloid.
PubMed: Characterization of two structural forms of otonecine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloids from Ligularia hodgsonii by NMR spectroscopy.
PubMed: Microsomal formation of a pyrrolic alcohol glutathione conjugate of clivorine. Firm evidence for the formation of a pyrrolic metabolite of an otonecine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloid.
PubMed: A quantitative investigation of the transannular amine-ketone (N...C=O) interaction in medium-sized heterocycles.
PubMed: Genotoxicity of a variety of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the hepatocyte primary culture-DNA repair test using rat, mouse, and hamster hepatocytes.
PubMed: CArcinogenic activity of clivorine, a pyrrolizidine alkaloid isolated from Ligularia dentata.
PubMed: Mutagenicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome test.
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