gingerol
2-(tetraphen-7-yl)cyclohexanone
 
Notes:
active ingredient in ginger; structure; a nonvolatile methoxy phenyl decanone.
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CAS Number: 58253-27-3Picture of molecule3D/inchi
XlogP3-AA: 2.30 (est)
Molecular Weight: 300.43884000
Formula: C17 H32 O4
NMR Predictor: Predict (works with chrome or firefox)
Category: natural substances and extractives
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00 % 
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 567.00 to  568.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point: 484.00 °F. TCC ( 251.00 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 6.670 (est)
Soluble in:
 alcohol
 water, 97.87 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Insoluble in:
 water
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Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
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Cosmetic Information:
None found
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Suppliers:
 None found
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Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: natural substances and extractives
Recommendation for gingerol usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for gingerol flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
EPI System: View
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: Search
AIDS Citations: Search
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EPA ACToR: Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : 183187
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl)decan-3-one
Chemidplus: 0058253273
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References:
 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl)decan-3-one
NIST Chemistry WebBook: Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid): 183187
Pubchem (sid): 135163048
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Other Information:
(IUPAC): Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos: The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc: Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC): Periodic Table of the Elements
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): HMDB05783
Typical G.C.
VCF-Online: VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider: View
Wikipedia: View
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Potential Blenders and core components note
 
None Found
 
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Potential Uses:
None Found
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 ginger root oil CO2 extract @ 6.02%
Data  GC  Search Trop  Picture
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Synonyms:
2-benzo(b)phenanthren-7-ylcyclohexan-1-one
2-benzo[a]anthracen-7-ylcyclohexan-1-one
5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl)decan-3-one
2-(tetraphen-7-yl)cyclohexanone
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Articles:
PubMed: Assay of 6-gingerol in CO2 supercritical fluid extracts of ginger and evaluation of its sustained release from a transdermal delivery system across rat skin.
PubMed: Cestocidal activities of ginger (Zingiber officinale) against Hymenolepis nana.
PubMed: Immunomodulatory activity of geranial, geranial acetate, gingerol, and eugenol essential oils: evidence for humoral and cell-mediated responses.
PubMed: Influence of side chain structure changes on antioxidant potency of the [6]-gingerol related compounds.
PubMed: Gingerol sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptotic cell death of glioblastoma cells.
PubMed: Gingerol-derivatives: emerging new therapy against human drug-resistant MCF-7.
PubMed: Alkaloids and athlete immune function: caffeine, theophylline, gingerol, ephedrine, and their congeners.
PubMed: 6-Shogaol exerts anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects through the modulation of STAT3 and MAPKs signaling pathways.
PubMed: Optimized microwave-assisted extraction of 6-gingerol from Zingiber officinale Roscoeand evaluation of antioxidant activity in vitro.
PubMed: Mechanisms for antidiabetic effect of gingerol in cultured cells and obese diabetic model mice.
PubMed: Synthesis and quorum sensing inhibitory activity of key phenolic compounds of ginger and their derivatives.
PubMed: A strategy for rapid analysis of xenobiotic metabolome of Sini decoction in vivo using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with pattern recognition approach.
PubMed: Ginger and its pungent constituents non-competitively inhibit serotonin currents on visceral afferent neurons.
PubMed: Characteristic fingerprint based on gingerol derivative analysis for discrimination of ginger (Zingiber officinale) according to geographical origin using HPLC-DAD combined with chemometrics.
PubMed: Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of α-glucosidase HaG from Halomonas sp. strain H11.
PubMed: 6-Shogaol from dried ginger inhibits growth of prostate cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo through inhibition of STAT3 and NF-κB signaling.
PubMed: Cytochrome P450 inhibitory potential and RP-HPLC standardization of trikatu--a Rasayana from Indian Ayurveda.
PubMed: Variations in the contents of gingerols and chromatographic fingerprints of ginger root extracts prepared by different preparation methods.
PubMed: Simultaneous determination of 13 chemical marker compounds in Gwakhyangjeonggi-san, a herbal formula, with validated analytical methods.
PubMed: [Inhibition effect of 6-gingerol on hair growth].
PubMed: Anti-obesity action of gingerol: effect on lipid profile, insulin, leptin, amylase and lipase in male obese rats induced by a high-fat diet.
PubMed: Synthesis of analogues of gingerol and shogaol, the active pungent principles from the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale and evaluation of their anti-platelet aggregation effects.
PubMed: [6]-gingerol as a cancer chemopreventive agent: a review of its activity on different steps of the metastatic process.
PubMed: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug activated gene-1 (NAG-1) modulators from natural products as anti-cancer agents.
PubMed: Multitargeted effects of hangeshashinto for treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis on inducible prostaglandin e2 production in human oral keratinocytes.
PubMed: Enterohepatic recirculation of bioactive ginger phytochemicals is associated with enhanced tumor growth-inhibitory activity of ginger extract.
PubMed: Preventative Effect of Zingiber officinale on Insulin Resistance in a High-Fat High-Carbohydrate Diet-Fed Rat Model and its Mechanism of Action.
PubMed: Gingerol fraction from Zingiber officinale protects against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.
PubMed: Simultaneous quantification and inhibitory effect on LDL oxidation of the traditional Korean medicine, Leejung-tang.
PubMed: Modulation of multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein activity by antiemetic compounds in human doxorubicin-resistant sarcoma cells (MES-SA/Dx-5): implications on cancer therapy.
PubMed: (6)-Gingerolinduced myeloid leukemia cell death is initiated by reactive oxygen species and activation of miR-27b expression.
PubMed: Molecular approaches toward targeted cancer prevention with some food plants and their products: inflammatory and other signal pathways.
PubMed: The pungent substances piperine, capsaicin, 6-gingerol and polygodial inhibit the human two-pore domain potassium channels TASK-1, TASK-3 and TRESK.
PubMed: [6]-shogaol inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells by directly regulating Akt1/2.
PubMed: [6]-Gingerol Prevents Disassembly of Cell Junctions and Activities of MMPs in Invasive Human Pancreas Cancer Cells through ERK/NF- κ B/Snail Signal Transduction Pathway.
PubMed: Antioxidant potential of spices and their active constituents.
PubMed: Active components of ginger potentiate β-agonist-induced relaxation of airway smooth muscle by modulating cytoskeletal regulatory proteins.
PubMed: (S)-[6]-Gingerol enhances glucose uptake in L6 myotubes by activation of AMPK in response to [Ca2+]i.
PubMed: Identification of a Calcium Signalling Pathway of S-[6]-Gingerol in HuH-7 Cells.
PubMed: Qualitative and quantitative analysis of nine major compounds in the Bozhougyiqi-Tang using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector and electrospray ionization mass spectrometer.
PubMed: Densitometric HPTLC analysis of 8-gingerol in Zingiber officinale extract and ginger-containing dietary supplements, teas and commercial creams.
PubMed: [8]-Gingerol inhibits melanogenesis in murine melanoma cells through down-regulation of the MAPK and PKA signal pathways.
PubMed: Anti-neuroinflammatory capacity of fresh ginger is attributed mainly to 10-gingerol.
PubMed: Higenamine Combined with [6]-Gingerol Suppresses Doxorubicin-Triggered Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Cardiomyocytes via Upregulation of PI3K/Akt Pathway.
PubMed: Attenuation of Proinflammatory Responses by S-[6]-Gingerol via Inhibition of ROS/NF-Kappa B/COX2 Activation in HuH7 Cells.
PubMed: Role of 6-gingerol in reduction of cholera toxin activity in vitro and in vivo.
PubMed: Prevention and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer by Natural Agents From Mother Nature.
PubMed: Pungent ginger components modulates human cytochrome P450 enzymes in vitro.
PubMed: Simultaneous determination of 11 major components in Palmul-tang by HPLC-DAD and LC-MS-MS.
PubMed: (S)-[6]-Gingerol inhibits TGF-β-stimulated biglycan synthesis but not glycosaminoglycan hyperelongation in human vascular smooth muscle cells.
PubMed: Antioxidant properties of aqueous extracts of unripe Musa paradisiaca on sodium nitroprusside induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas in vitro.
PubMed: [10]-Gingerdiols as the major metabolites of [10]-gingerol in zebrafish embryos and in humans and their hematopoietic effects in zebrafish embryos.
PubMed: The screening of everyday life chemicals in validated assays targeting the pituitary-gonadal axis.
PubMed: Glutathione conjugation attenuates biological activities of 6-dehydroshogaol from ginger.
PubMed: Influence of cultivar and maturity at harvest on the essential oil composition, oleoresin and [6]-gingerol contents in fresh ginger from northeast India.
PubMed: Enzyme-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe).
PubMed: 6-gingerol inhibits rosiglitazone-induced adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
PubMed: Ellagic acid and gingerol, activators of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺-ATPase, ameliorate diabetes mellitus-induced diastolic dysfunction in isolated murine ventricular myocardia.
PubMed: Ginger and its pungent constituents non-competitively inhibit activation of human recombinant and native 5-HT3 receptors of enteric neurons.
PubMed: [6]-gingerol: a novel AT₁ antagonist for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
PubMed: Bioactivity of turmeric-derived curcuminoids and related metabolites in breast cancer.
PubMed: Highly efficient sample preparation and quantification of constituents from traditional Chinese herbal medicines using matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction and UPLC-MS/MS.
PubMed: Ginger phytochemicals exhibit synergy to inhibit prostate cancer cell proliferation.
PubMed: 6-Gingerol inhibits hair shaft growth in cultured human hair follicles and modulates hair growth in mice.
PubMed: Efficient preparation of Hangekobokuto (Banxia-Houpo-Tang) decoction by adding perilla herb before decoction is finished.
PubMed: Ginger and turmeric expressed sequence tags identify signature genes for rhizome identity and development and the biosynthesis of curcuminoids, gingerols and terpenoids.
PubMed: 6-gingerol prevents adipogenesis and the accumulation of cytoplasmic lipid droplets in 3T3-L1 cells.
PubMed: Grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta) extract activates brown adipose tissue and increases whole-body energy expenditure in men.
PubMed: Terpenoids from Zingiber officinale (Ginger) induce apoptosis in endometrial cancer cells through the activation of p53.
PubMed: Simultaneous determination of gingerols and shogaol using capillary liquid chromatography and its application in discrimination of three ginger varieties from Indonesia.
PubMed: A note on the relevance of [6]-Gingerol for the prevention and/or treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
PubMed: Qualitative and quantitative simultaneous determination of six marker compounds in Soshiho-tang by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS.
PubMed: [Effect of Zingiber offiicinale and Aconitum cainichaeli before and after compatibility on contents of four gingerols].
PubMed: Fenugreek extract as an inducer of cellular death via autophagy in human T lymphoma Jurkat cells.
PubMed: Response to comment: "A note on the relevance of [6]-gingerol for the prevention and/or treatment of Alzheimer's disease".
PubMed: 6-gingerdiols as the major metabolites of 6-gingerol in cancer cells and in mice and their cytotoxic effects on human cancer cells.
PubMed: Effects of ginger and its constituents on airway smooth muscle relaxation and calcium regulation.
PubMed: Dietary agonists of TRPV1 inhibit gastric acid secretion in mice.
PubMed: Ovariectomized mouse uterotrophic assay of 36 chemicals.
PubMed: [6]-Gingerol induces bone loss in ovary intact adult mice and augments osteoclast function via the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 channel.
PubMed: 6-gingerol ameliorated doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: role of nuclear factor kappa B and protein glycation.
PubMed: Gingerol-induced hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha inhibits human prion peptide-mediated neurotoxicity.
PubMed: Development of high-performance liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the simultaneous characterization and quantitative analysis of gingerol-related compounds in ginger products.
PubMed: Phytochemicals and their impact on adipose tissue inflammation and diabetes.
PubMed: Intrathecal [6]-gingerol administration alleviates peripherally induced neuropathic pain in male Sprague-Dawley rats.
PubMed: Structural characterization and identification of major constituents in Jitai tablets by high-performance liquid chromatography/diode-array detection coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed: [6]-Gingerol induces caspase 3 dependent apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells: drug-DNA interaction and expression of certain signal genes in HeLa cells.
PubMed: Purification and differential biological effects of ginger-derived substances on normal and tumor cell lines.
PubMed: Absence of Genotoxic and Mutagenic Effects of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith (Zingiberaceae) Extract.
PubMed: Anti-platelet aggregation and vasorelaxing effects of the constituents of the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale.
PubMed: Gingerols of Zingiber officinale enhance glucose uptake by increasing cell surface GLUT4 in cultured L6 myotubes.
PubMed: Putative mycobacterial efflux inhibitors from the seeds of Aframomum melegueta.
PubMed: 6-shogaol-rich extract from ginger up-regulates the antioxidant defense systems in cells and mice.
PubMed: Ginger stimulates hematopoiesis via Bmp pathway in zebrafish.
PubMed: Protective Action of Flavonoids Genistein and Gingerol against Cisplatin Toxicity In Vitro.
PubMed: 6-Gingerol Inhibits Growth of Colon Cancer Cell LoVo via Induction of G2/M Arrest.
PubMed: [Antioxidant constituents from Smilax riparia].
PubMed: [Simultaneous determination of four components in sini tang by HPLC].
PubMed: Molecular mechanism inhibiting human hepatocarcinoma cell invasion by 6-shogaol and 6-gingerol.
PubMed: Optimization of Extraction Conditions for the 6-Shogaol-rich Extract from Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe).
PubMed: Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity of Indonesian herbal medicines and constituents of Cinnamomum burmannii and Zingiber aromaticum.
PubMed: An impression on current developments in the technology, chemistry, and biological activities of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe).
PubMed: Zingiber officinale (ginger) as an anti-emetic in cancer chemotherapy: a review.
PubMed: α-Glucosylated 6-gingerol: chemoenzymatic synthesis using α-glucosidase from Halomonas sp. H11, and its physical properties.
PubMed: Effect of [6]-gingerol on myofibroblast differentiation in transforming growth factor beta 1-induced nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts.
PubMed: Anti-Candida and radical scavenging activities of essential oils and oleoresins of Zingiber officinale Roscoe and essential oils of other plants belonging to the family Zingiberaceae.
PubMed: 6-Shogaol, a ginger product, modulates neuroinflammation: a new approach to neuroprotection.
PubMed: 6-Gingerol induces apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis in human hepatoma G2 cells.
PubMed: Inhibition of LPS binding to MD-2 co-receptor for suppressing TLR4-mediated expression of inflammatory cytokine by 1-dehydro-10-gingerdione from dietary ginger.
PubMed: Phenylpropanoid ester from Zingiber officinale and their inhibitory effects on the production of nitric oxide.
PubMed: [Analysis of gingerol-related compounds in fresh ginger by HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS].
PubMed: Effect of Pre-treatment and Storage Conditions on the Quality Characteristics of Ginger Paste.
PubMed: Simultaneous determination of six active components in traditional herbal medicine 'Oyaksungisan' by HPLC-DAD.
PubMed: Protective effect of [6]-gingerol on the ethanol-induced teratogenesis of cultured mouse embryos.
PubMed: [6]-Gingerol isolated from ginger attenuates sodium arsenite induced oxidative stress and plays a corrective role in improving insulin signaling in mice.
PubMed: Zingiber officinale extract exhibits antidiabetic potential via modulating glucose uptake, protein glycation and inhibiting adipocyte differentiation: an in vitro study.
PubMed: Synthesis and biological evaluation of [6]-gingerol analogues as transient receptor potential channel TRPV1 and TRPA1 modulators.
PubMed: [Phenolic and amide constituents from Lycianthes marlipoensis].
PubMed: Cytotoxic, cytoprotective and antioxidant effects of isolated phenolic compounds from fresh ginger.
PubMed: Synbiotic (probiotic and ginger extract) loaded floating beads: a novel therapeutic option in an experimental paradigm of gastric ulcer.
PubMed: Using 6-gingerol content and gene mapping for identification of two types of ginger used in Thai traditional medicine.
PubMed: In vitro cytotoxic activity of Benjakul herbal preparation and its active compounds against human lung, cervical and liver cancer cells.
PubMed: Cancer cell signaling pathways targeted by spice-derived nutraceuticals.
PubMed: Study on the hypochlolesterolemic and antioxidative effects of tyramine derivatives from the root bark of Lycium chenese Miller.
PubMed: Determination and pharmacokinetics of [6]-gingerol in mouse plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed: 6-gingerol, an active ingredient of ginger, protects acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.
PubMed: Simultaneous determination of eight marker compounds in the traditional herbal medicine, Sipjundaebo-tang by HPLC-DAD.
PubMed: Generation of autotetraploid plant of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) and its quality evaluation.
PubMed: Ginger phytochemicals mitigate the obesogenic effects of a high-fat diet in mice: a proteomic and biomarker network analysis.
PubMed: Chemical constituents and their bioactivities of "Tongling White Ginger" (Zingiber officinale).
PubMed: 6-gingerol prevents patulin-induced genotoxicity in HepG2 cells.
PubMed: Update on the chemopreventive effects of ginger and its phytochemicals.
PubMed: Ginger phenylpropanoids inhibit IL-1beta and prostanoid secretion and disrupt arachidonate-phospholipid remodeling by targeting phospholipases A2.
PubMed: Synthesis of a new [6]-gingerol analogue and its protective effect with respect to the development of metabolic syndrome in mice fed a high-fat diet.
PubMed: 10-Gingerol, a component of rikkunshito, improves cisplatin-induced anorexia by inhibiting acylated ghrelin degradation.
PubMed: Orosensory stimulation effects on human saliva proteome.
PubMed: Effects of club soda and ginger brew on linguapalatal pressures in healthy swallowing.
PubMed: Administration of 6-gingerol greatly enhances the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in murine tumors.
PubMed: Pressurized liquid extraction of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) with bioethanol: an efficient and sustainable approach.
PubMed: Antiinflammatory effects of ginger and some of its components in human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells.
PubMed: Inhibitory effect of [6]-gingerol on melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells and a possible mechanism of action.
PubMed: Examination of the pharmacokinetics of active ingredients of ginger in humans.
PubMed: Chemopreventive effects of dietary phytochemicals against cancer invasion and metastasis: phenolic acids, monophenol, polyphenol, and their derivatives.
PubMed: Physiological and therapeutical roles of ginger and turmeric on endocrine functions.
PubMed: A HPLC-DAD method for the simultaneous determination of five marker components in the traditional herbal medicine Bangpungtongsung-san.
PubMed: Immunosuppressive activity of 8-gingerol on immune responses in mice.
PubMed: [6]-Gingerol attenuates β-amyloid-induced oxidative cell death via fortifying cellular antioxidant defense system.
PubMed: Emodin and [6]-gingerol lessen hypoxia-induced embryotoxicities in cultured mouse whole embryos via upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and intracellular superoxide dismutases.
PubMed: Ginger suppresses phthalate ester-induced airway remodeling.
PubMed: Protective Effects of Ginger against Aspirin-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats.
PubMed: Inhibitors of microglial neurotoxicity: focus on natural products.
PubMed: Characterization of [6]-gingerol metabolism in rat by liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Effects of ginger constituents on the gastrointestinal tract: role of cholinergic M3 and serotonergic 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors.
PubMed: Preparation of the monomers of gingerols and 6-shogaol by flash high speed counter-current chromatography.
PubMed: Simultaneous quantification of marker components in Ojeok-san by HPLC-DAD.
PubMed: Ginger extract inhibits human telomerase reverse transcriptase and c-Myc expression in A549 lung cancer cells.
PubMed: Quantitative analysis of ginger components in commercial products using liquid chromatography with electrochemical array detection.
PubMed: Quantitation of 6-, 8- and 10-Gingerols and 6-Shogaol in Human Plasma by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection.
PubMed: Characterization of constituents in Sini decoction and rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
PubMed: [Comparative protein analysis of K562 cell apoptosis induced by 6-gingerol].
PubMed: [Reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential changes in leukemia cells during 6-gingerol induced apoptosis].
PubMed: Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in ginger (Zingiber officinale).
PubMed: Production of dehydrogingerdione derivatives in Escherichia coli by exploiting a curcuminoid synthase from Oryza sativa and a β-oxidation pathway from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
PubMed: [Everted intestinal sac method for quick finding absorption ingredients of Wuzhuyu decoction].
PubMed: A DFT analysis of thermal decomposition reactions important to natural products.
PubMed: Simultaneous determination of five marker constituents in Ssanghwa tang by HPLC/DAD.
PubMed: Zingiber officinale (ginger) compounds have tetracycline-resistance modifying effects against clinical extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.
PubMed: Larvicidal constituents of Zingiber officinale (ginger) against Anisakis simplex.
PubMed: Zingiber officinale protects HaCaT cells and C57BL/6 mice from ultraviolet B-induced inflammation.
PubMed: Anti-invasion effects of 6-shogaol and 6-gingerol, two active components in ginger, on human hepatocarcinoma cells.
PubMed: [Chemical constituents of rhizomes of Zingiber officinale].
PubMed: Identification of serotonin 5-HT1A receptor partial agonists in ginger.
PubMed: Dietary polyphenols affect MUC5AC expression and ciliary movement in respiratory cells and nasal mucosa.
PubMed: 6-Shogaol is more effective than 6-gingerol and curcumin in inhibiting 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-induced tumor promotion in mice.
PubMed: Molecular targets of [6]-gingerol: Its potential roles in cancer chemoprevention.
PubMed: Effect of gingerol on substance P and NK1 receptor expression in a vomiting model of mink.
PubMed: Genotoxic effect of 6-gingerol on human hepatoma G2 cells.
PubMed: RP-thin layer chromatographic method for the quantification of three gingerol homologs of ultrasonic-assisted fresh rhizome extracts of Zingiber officinale collected from North Western Himalayas.
PubMed: Larvicidal activities of ginger (Zingiber officinale) against Angiostrongylus cantonensis.
PubMed: Increased growth inhibitory effects on human cancer cells and anti-inflammatory potency of shogaols from Zingiber officinale relative to gingerols.
PubMed: Comparative antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of [6]-gingerol, [8]-gingerol, [10]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol.
PubMed: Identification and quantification of gingerols and related compounds in ginger dietary supplements using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Visualization of volatile substances in different organelles with an atmospheric-pressure mass microscope.
PubMed: [6]-Gingerol suppresses interleukin-1 beta-induced MUC5AC gene expression in human airway epithelial cells.
PubMed: Induction of apoptosis by [6]-gingerol associated with the modulation of p53 and involvement of mitochondrial signaling pathway in B[a]P-induced mouse skin tumorigenesis.
PubMed: [6]-Gingerol suppresses colon cancer growth by targeting leukotriene A4 hydrolase.
PubMed: [Quality analysis of processing products of dried ginger].
PubMed: [6]-Gingerol induces reactive oxygen species regulated mitochondrial cell death pathway in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells.
PubMed: Gingerol inhibits cisplatin-induced vomiting by down regulating 5-hydroxytryptamine, dopamine and substance P expression in minks.
PubMed: Cytometric analysis of cytotoxicity of polyphenols and related phenolics to rat thymocytes: potent cytotoxicity of resveratrol to normal cells.
PubMed: An enantioselective synthesis of (+)-(S)-[n]-gingerols via the L-proline-catalyzed aldol reaction.
PubMed: 6-Gingerol inhibits ROS and iNOS through the suppression of PKC-alpha and NF-kappaB pathways in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse macrophages.
PubMed: Effect of [10]-gingerol on [ca2+]i and cell death in human colorectal cancer cells.
PubMed: [Analysis of volatile and non-volatile compositions in ginger oleoresin by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry].
PubMed: Plasma pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion study of 6-gingerol in rat by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Comparative effects of two gingerol-containing Zingiber officinale extracts on experimental rheumatoid arthritis.
PubMed: Simultaneous determination of 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol and 6-shogaol in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: Application to pharmacokinetics.
PubMed: Ginger's (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) inhibition of rat colonic adenocarcinoma cells proliferation and angiogenesis in vitro.
PubMed: Plasma pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of [6]-gingerol in rats.
PubMed: Modulation of macrophage functions by compounds isolated from Zingiber officinale.
PubMed: Inhibitory effect of gingerol on the proliferation and invasion of hepatoma cells in culture.
PubMed: Antibacterial activity of [10]-gingerol and [12]-gingerol isolated from ginger rhizome against periodontal bacteria.
PubMed: Muscarinic, Ca(++) antagonist and specific butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of dried ginger extract might explain its use in dementia.
PubMed: Specific reaction of alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds such as 6-shogaol with sulfhydryl groups in tubulin leading to microtubule damage.
PubMed: Goshuyuto, a traditional Japanese medicine for migraine, inhibits platelet aggregation in guinea-pig whole blood.
PubMed: Analysis of anti-platelet aggregation components of Rhizoma Zingiberis using chicken thrombocyte extract and high performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed: Pharmacokinetics of 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol, and 6-shogaol and conjugate metabolites in healthy human subjects.
PubMed: Ginger prevents Th2-mediated immune responses in a mouse model of airway inflammation.
PubMed: 6-Shogaol suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced up-expression of iNOS and COX-2 in murine macrophages.
PubMed: [RP-HPLC fingerprint evaluating different ginger juice as processing material].
PubMed: Mosquito larvicidal activity of isolated compounds from the rhizome of Zingiber officinale.
PubMed: 6-Shogaol and 6-gingerol, the pungent of ginger, inhibit TNF-alpha mediated downregulation of adiponectin expression via different mechanisms in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
PubMed: Changes in the contents of oleoresin and pungent bioactive principles of Jamaican ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe.) during maturation.
PubMed: Cytotoxic components from the dried rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe.
PubMed: Effects of spice constituents on P-glycoprotein-mediated transport and CYP3A4-mediated metabolism in vitro.
PubMed: 6-Shogaol induces apoptosis in human colorectal carcinoma cells via ROS production, caspase activation, and GADD 153 expression.
PubMed: Systemic administration of [6]-gingerol, a pungent constituent of ginger, induces hypothermia in rats via an inhibitory effect on metabolic rate.
PubMed: Selective isolation of in vitro phase II conjugates using a lipophilic anionic exchange solid phase extraction method.
PubMed: [6]-gingerol induces Ca2+ mobilization in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.
PubMed: Induction of adiponectin by natural and synthetic phenolamides in mouse and human preadipocytes and its enhancement by docosahexaenoic acid.
PubMed: Ginger inhibits cell growth and modulates angiogenic factors in ovarian cancer cells.
PubMed: Multiple mechanisms are involved in 6-gingerol-induced cell growth arrest and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells.
PubMed: Evaluation of the topical anti-inflammatory activity of ginger dry extracts from solutions and plasters.
PubMed: Screening of biochemical modulator by tumor cell permeability of doxorubicin.
PubMed: In vitro and in vivo modulation of testosterone mediated alterations in apoptosis related proteins by [6]-gingerol.
PubMed: Liquid chromatographic determination of 6-, 8-, 10-gingerol, and 6-shogaol in ginger (Zingiber officinale) as the raw herb and dried aqueous extract.
PubMed: In vitro synthesis of curcuminoids by type III polyketide synthase from Oryza sativa.
PubMed: Induction of multiple antibiotic resistance in Bacteroides fragilis by benzene and benzene-derived active compounds of commonly used analgesics, antiseptics and cleaning agents.
PubMed: Evaluation of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Bioactive Compounds in Increasing the Ratio of T-cell Surface Molecules of CD3+CD4+:CD3+CD8+ In-Vitro.
PubMed: Stability of [6]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids.
PubMed: Ginger ingredients reduce viability of gastric cancer cells via distinct mechanisms.
PubMed: [6]-Gingerol inhibits metastasis of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells.
PubMed: Antioxidant actions of phenolic compounds found in dietary plants on low-density lipoprotein and erythrocytes in vitro.
PubMed: High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol, and 6-shogaol in ginger-containing dietary supplements, spices, teas, and beverages.
PubMed: TRP channels and pain.
PubMed: [6]-Gingerol prevents UVB-induced ROS production and COX-2 expression in vitro and in vivo.
PubMed: Activation of TRPA1 channels by the fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor 3'-carbamoylbiphenyl-3-yl cyclohexylcarbamate (URB597).
PubMed: Effect of 6-gingerol on pro-inflammatory cytokine production and costimulatory molecule expression in murine peritoneal macrophages.
PubMed: A nonpungent component of steamed ginger--[10]-shogaol--increases adrenaline secretion via the activation of TRPV1.
PubMed: Cancer preventive properties of ginger: a brief review.
PubMed: Chemopreventive anti-inflammatory activities of curcumin and other phytochemicals mediated by MAP kinase phosphatase-5 in prostate cells.
PubMed: Determination of 6-gingerol in ginger (Zingiber officinale) using high-performance thin-layer chromatography.
PubMed: Microsomal hydroxylation and glucuronidation of [6]-gingerol.
PubMed: [6]-Gingerol induces cell cycle arrest and cell death of mutant p53-expressing pancreatic cancer cells.
PubMed: Instrument dependence of electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometric fragmentation of the gingerols.
PubMed: 6-Gingerol prevents cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in rats.
PubMed: Metabolic profiling of in vitro micropropagated and conventionally greenhouse grown ginger (Zingiber officinale).
PubMed: Biosynthesis of curcuminoids and gingerols in turmeric (Curcuma longa) and ginger (Zingiber officinale): identification of curcuminoid synthase and hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA thioesterases.
PubMed: Species differences in the prokinetic effects of ginger.
PubMed: [Effect of gingerol on endotoxemia mouse model induced by heatstroke].
PubMed: Variation in concentration and labeling of ginger root dietary supplements.
PubMed: Gingerol metabolite and a synthetic analogue Capsarol inhibit macrophage NF-kappaB-mediated iNOS gene expression and enzyme activity.
PubMed: The effect of extracts from ginger rhizome on inflammatory mediator production.
PubMed: Molecular targets of dietary agents for prevention and therapy of cancer.
PubMed: Synergistic effect of [10]-gingerol and aminoglycosides against vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE).
PubMed: [Studies of commonly used traditional medicine-ginger].
PubMed: Kinetic studies on Zingiber officinale.
PubMed: Curcumin: getting back to the roots.
PubMed: Mode of action of gingerols and shogaols on 5-HT3 receptors: binding studies, cation uptake by the receptor channel and contraction of isolated guinea-pig ileum.
PubMed: Beneficial effects of Zingiber officinale Roscoe on fructose induced hyperlipidemia and hyperinsulinemia in rats.
PubMed: Suppressive effects of mioga ginger and ginger constituents on reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generation, and the expression of inducible pro-inflammatory genes in macrophages.
PubMed: Prokinetic effect of a Kampo medicine, Hange-koboku-to (Banxia-houpo-tang), on patients with functional dyspepsia.
PubMed: Zingiberis rhizoma: a comprehensive review on the ginger effect and efficacy profiles.
PubMed: Characterization of gingerol-related compounds in ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
PubMed: Metabolic profiling and phylogenetic analysis of medicinal Zingiber species: Tools for authentication of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc).
PubMed: Cardiovascular effects of ginger aqueous extract and its phenolic constituents are mediated through multiple pathways.
PubMed: [6]-Gingerol, a pungent ingredient of ginger, inhibits angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo.
PubMed: [Study on quality standard of extracts from Rhizoma Zingiberis by supercritical fluid extraction].
PubMed: 5-HT3 receptor blocking activity of arylalkanes isolated from the rhizome of Zingiber officinale.
PubMed: Cytotoxic and apoptotic activities of diarylheptanoids and gingerol-related compounds from the rhizome of Chinese ginger.
PubMed: Gingerol content of diploid and tetraploid clones of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe).
PubMed: Commercially processed dry ginger (Zingiber officinale): composition and effects on LPS-stimulated PGE2 production.
PubMed: Mechanism of inhibition of peroxynitrite-induced oxidation and nitration by [6]-gingerol.
PubMed: Induction of an epithelial to mesenchymal transition in human immortal and malignant keratinocytes by TGF-beta1 involves MAPK, Smad and AP-1 signalling pathways.
PubMed: Cancer preventive role of selected dietary factors.
PubMed: Nutraceuticals and cancer management.
PubMed: [6]-Gingerol inhibits COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of p38 MAP kinase and NF-kappaB in phorbol ester-stimulated mouse skin.
PubMed: Suppression of the nuclear factor-kappaB activation pathway by spice-derived phytochemicals: reasoning for seasoning.
PubMed: Effects of dietary chemopreventive phytochemicals on P-glycoprotein function.
PubMed: Enhancement of insulin sensitivity in adipocytes by ginger.
PubMed: Antioxidant properties of gingerol related compounds from ginger.
PubMed: Inhibitory effects of [6]-gingerol on PMA-induced COX-2 expression and activation of NF-kappaB and p38 MAPK in mouse skin.
PubMed: Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of [6]-gingerol.
PubMed: Separation and isolation methods for analysis of the active principles of Sho-saiko-to (SST) oriental medicine.
PubMed: Role of chemopreventive agents in cancer therapy.
PubMed: From chemoprevention to chemotherapy: common targets and common goals.
PubMed: Anti-tumor-promoting activities of selected pungent phenolic substances present in ginger.
PubMed: Fresh organically grown ginger (Zingiber officinale): composition and effects on LPS-induced PGE2 production.
PubMed: Protective role of vanilloid receptor type 1 in HCl-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats.
PubMed: Diarylheptanoids from the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale.
PubMed: Effects of 6-gingerol, an antioxidant from ginger, on inducing apoptosis in human leukemic HL-60 cells.
PubMed: Effective anti-platelet and COX-1 enzyme inhibitors from pungent constituents of ginger.
PubMed: Chemoprevention: eat ginger, rub on pomegranate.
PubMed: Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and the gingerols inhibit the growth of Cag A+ strains of Helicobacter pylori.
PubMed: Use of a fluorescent imaging plate reader--based calcium assay to assess pharmacological differences between the human and rat vanilloid receptor.
PubMed: [6]-Gingerol inhibits nitric oxide synthesis in activated J774.1 mouse macrophages and prevents peroxynitrite-induced oxidation and nitration reactions.
PubMed: Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of antifungal compounds from ginger.
PubMed: Dietary ginger constituents, galanals A and B, are potent apoptosis inducers in Human T lymphoma Jurkat cells.
PubMed: Modifications of capsaicin-sensitive neurons in isolated guinea pig ileum by [6]-gingerol and lafutidine.
PubMed: Extraction of chili, black pepper, and ginger with near-critical CO2, propane, and dimethyl ether: analysis of the extracts by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance.
PubMed: [HPLC determination of 6-gingerol in Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens].
PubMed: Analysis of a ginger extract by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy using superheated deuterium oxide as the mobile phase.
PubMed: Gingerols: a novel class of vanilloid receptor (VR1) agonists.
PubMed: Regulation of the phosphotyrosine content of human sperm proteins by intracellular Ca2+: role of Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatases.
PubMed: Anti-tumor promoting potential of selected spice ingredients with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities: a short review.
PubMed: Metabolism of [6]-gingerol in rats.
PubMed: Structure-antiemetic-activity of some diarylheptanoids and their analogues.
PubMed: The stability of gingerol and shogaol in aqueous solutions.
PubMed: Gingerols and related analogues inhibit arachidonic acid-induced human platelet serotonin release and aggregation.
PubMed: Insect growth inhibition, antifeedant and antifungal activity of compounds isolated/derived from Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) rhizomes.
PubMed: Effect of ginger constituents and synthetic analogues on cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme in intact cells.
PubMed: Inhibition of epidermal growth factor-induced cell transformation and activator protein 1 activation by [6]-gingerol.
PubMed: Assessment of oleoresin and gingerol contents in gamma irradiated ginger rhizomes.
PubMed: Gingerol, isoproterenol and ouabain normalize impaired post-rest behavior but not force-frequency relation in failing human myocardium.
PubMed: Isolation of novel glucosides related to gingerdiol from ginger and their antioxidative activities.
PubMed: Effect of different combinations of MGK-264 or piperonyl butoxide with plant-derived molluscicides on snail reproduction.
PubMed: Effect of active molluscicidal component of spices on different enzyme activities and biogenic amine levels in the nervous tissue of Lymnaea acuminata.
PubMed: Molecular mechanisms of chemopreventive effects of selected dietary and medicinal phenolic substances.
PubMed: Interactions of 6-gingerol and ellagic acid with the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase.
PubMed: Induction of apoptosis in HL-60 cells by pungent vanilloids, [6]-gingerol and [6]-paradol.
PubMed: Endothelium-dependent potentiation of prostaglandin F2alpha-induced contractions by (+/-)-[6]-gingerol is inhibited by cyclooxygenase- but not lipoxygenase-inhibitors in mouse mesenteric veins.
PubMed: Inhibitory effects of [6]-gingerol, a major pungent principle of ginger, on phorbol ester-induced inflammation, epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity and skin tumor promotion in ICR mice.
PubMed: Application of physiologically active substances isolated from natural resources to pharmacological studies.
PubMed: Keishi-ka-kei-to, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, inhibits pulmonary metastasis of B16 melanoma.
PubMed: [A simultaneous determination of various main components in oriental pharmaceutical decoction "heii-san" by ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography].
PubMed: Stimulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase by gingerol analogues.
PubMed: Antiplatelet effect of gingerol isolated from Zingiber officinale.
PubMed: Stomachic principles in ginger. III. An anti-ulcer principle, 6-gingesulfonic acid, and three monoacyldigalactosylglycerols, gingerglycolipids A, B, and C, from Zingiberis Rhizoma originating in Taiwan.
PubMed: Inhibitory effects of phenolics on xanthine oxidase.
PubMed: Anti-emetic principles of Magnolia obovata bark and Zingiber officinale rhizome.
PubMed: Enzymic reduction of [6]-gingerol, a major pungent principle of ginger, in the cell-free preparation of rat liver.
PubMed: Antioxidant actions of thymol, carvacrol, 6-gingerol, zingerone and hydroxytyrosol.
PubMed: [Physiological functions of endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca pump and pharmacology of inhibitors of the pump].
PubMed: [Tendency of development on novel type of cardiotonic drugs].
PubMed: [Qualitative and quantitative analysis of bioactive principles in Zingiberis Rhizoma by means of high performance liquid chromatography and gas liquid chromatography. On the evaluation of Zingiberis Rhizoma and chemical change of constituents during Zingiberis Rhizoma processing].
PubMed: Modifying effects of fungal and herb metabolites on azoxymethane-induced intestinal carcinogenesis in rats.
PubMed: Pungent principles of ginger (Zingiber officinale) are thermogenic in the perfused rat hindlimb.
PubMed: [Novel types of cardiotonic drugs].
PubMed: 6-Gingesulfonic acid, a new anti-ulcer principle, and gingerglycolipids A, B, and C, three new monoacyldigalactosylglycerols, from zingiberis rhizoma originating in Taiwan.
PubMed: Pharmacokinetics of [6]-gingerol after intravenous administration in rats with acute renal or hepatic failure.
PubMed: Inhibition of prostaglandin and leukotriene biosynthesis by gingerols and diarylheptanoids.
PubMed: [The study of Chinese herbal medicinal prescription with enzyme inhibitory activity. V. The study of hange-shashin-to, kanzo-shashin-to, shokyo-shashin-to with adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate phosphodiesterase].
PubMed: Pharmacokinetics of [6]-gingerol after intravenous administration in rats.
PubMed: [The effect of ginger on serotonin induced hypothermia and diarrhea].
PubMed: [Quality evaluation of oriental medicines. I. Quantitative analysis of marker substances in the ethical extract preparation of Hangekouboku-to].
PubMed: Molluscicidal and antischistosomal activities of Zingiber officinale.
PubMed: Increasing 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activities by oxidative conversion of o-methoxyphenols to catechols using a Cu2(+)-ascorbic acid-O2 system.
PubMed: Gastrointestinal motility enhancing effect of ginger and its active constituents.
PubMed: Lethal efficacy of extract from Zingiber officinale (traditional Chinese medicine) or [6]-shogaol and [6]-gingerol in Anisakis larvae in vitro.
PubMed: Inhibition of cytotoxic drug-induced vomiting in suncus by a ginger constituent.
PubMed: Modulation of eicosanoid-induced contraction of mouse and rat blood vessels by gingerols.
PubMed: Reversed effects between crude and processed ginger extracts on PGF2 alpha-induced contraction in mouse mesenteric veins.
PubMed: Chemical structural requirement in gingerol derivatives for potentiation of prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced contraction in isolated mesenteric veins of mice.
PubMed: [Comparison of the contents of the main chemical constituents in various processed preparations of ginger].
PubMed: Suppression of spontaneous calcium spikes and contraction in isolated portal veins of mice by gingerols and chemically related compounds.
PubMed: Cardiotonic action of [8]-gingerol, an activator of the Ca++-pumping adenosine triphosphatase of sarcoplasmic reticulum, in guinea pig atrial muscle.
PubMed: The anti-ulcer effect in rats of ginger constituents.
PubMed: Gingerol, a novel cardiotonic agent, activates the Ca2+-pumping ATPase in skeletal and cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum.
PubMed: Mutagenicity of gingerol and shogaol and antimutagenicity of zingerone in Salmonella/microsome assay.
PubMed: Effect of ginger on metabolic rate.
PubMed: Inhibition of human neutrophil 5-lipoxygenase activity by gingerdione, shogaol, capsaicin and related pungent compounds.
PubMed: Antihepatotoxic actions of gingerols and diarylheptanoids.
PubMed: Cholagogic effect of ginger and its active constituents.
PubMed: Pharmacological studies on ginger. I. Pharmacological actions of pungent constitutents, (6)-gingerol and (6)-shogaol.
PubMed: The active part of the [6]-gingerol molecule in mutagenesis.
PubMed: Mutagen and anti-mutagen in ginger, Zingiber officinale.
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