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Category: color, stabilizers, nutrient supplements
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | yellowish gray to greenish yellow powder (est) |
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00 %
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Boiling Point: | 673.60 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
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| Flash Point: | 707.00 °F. TCC ( 375.20 °C. ) (est)
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| logP (o/w): | -3.175 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
| Insoluble in: |
| | alcohol |
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor Description: at 100.00 %. | caramellic |
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| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 2237 mg/kg GASTROINTESTINAL: ULCERATION OR BLEEDING FROM STOMACH National Technical Information Service. Vol. UR-3490-168
oral-mouse LD50 3950 mg/kg American Journal of the Medical Sciences. Vol. 241, Pg. 296, 1961.
intravenous-mouse LD50 199 mg/kg American Journal of the Medical Sciences. Vol. 241, Pg. 296, 1961.
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 160 mg/kg American Journal of the Medical Sciences. Vol. 241, Pg. 296, 1961.
oral-child TDLo 162 mg/kg GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA"
GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. Vol. 218, Pg. 1179, 1971.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | color, stabilizers, nutrient supplements |
| Recommendation for ferrous gluconate usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for ferrous gluconate flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
References:
| | iron; (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 299-29-6 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 9291 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134975116 |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | biofergate | | | ferrin 55 | | | ferroglyconicum | | | gluconic acid iron salt | | | iron (II) di-D-gluconate | | | iron digluconate | | | iron gluconate | | | iron, bis(D-gluconato-O1,O2)- | | | iron; (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid | | | iron(II) di-D-gluconate |
Articles:
| PubMed: | Cardiovascular effects of hemoglobin response in patients receiving epoetin alfa and oral iron in heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction. |
| PubMed: | A study on Fe(2+) - α-helical-rich keratin complex formation using isothermal titration calorimetry and molecular dynamics simulation. |
| PubMed: | Comparison of two different laser wavelengths' dental bleaching results by photo-Fenton reaction: in vitro study. |
| PubMed: | Comparison study of oral iron preparations using a human intestinal model. |
| PubMed: | Inhibitory effect of iron on in vitro proliferation of smooth muscle cells. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of milnacipran-associated morbilliform rash and serotonin toxicity. |
| PubMed: | [Importance of the different i.v. iron generations for everyday medical practice]. |
| PubMed: | Effect of chemical activation of 10% carbamide peroxide gel in tooth bleaching. |
| PubMed: | Bioavailability of stabilised ferrous gluconate with glycine in fresh cheese matrix: a novel iron compound for food fortification. |
| PubMed: | Tolerability of different oral iron supplements: a systematic review. |
| PubMed: | A study of hydrogen peroxide chemistry and photochemistry in tea stain solution with relevance to clinical tooth whitening. |
| PubMed: | Free radical polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate macromers: impact of macromer hydrophobicity and initiator chemistry on polymerization efficiency. |
| PubMed: | Iron polymaltose versus ferrous gluconate in the prevention of iron deficiency anemia of infancy. |
| PubMed: | Effectiveness of a large-scale iron-fortified milk distribution program on anemia and iron deficiency in low-income young children in Mexico. |
| PubMed: | Beta-erythropoietin effects on ventricular remodeling, left and right systolic function, pulmonary pressure, and hospitalizations in patients affected with heart failure and anemia. |
| PubMed: | Influence of blood donation on levels of water-soluble vitamins. |
| PubMed: | Ferrous gluconate and ferrous sulfate added to a complementary food distributed by the Mexican nutrition program Oportunidades have a comparable efficacy to reduce iron deficiency in toddlers. |
| PubMed: | Interactions between ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and iron absorption pathways, in the Caco-2 model. |
| PubMed: | The role of iron supplementation during epoietin treatment for cancer-related anemia. |
| PubMed: | Cefdinir-associated "bloody stools" in an infant. |
| PubMed: | [Efficacy of bolus intravenous iron treatment in peritoneal dialysis patients]. |
| PubMed: | Development of vaginal rings for sustained release of nonhormonal contraceptives and anti-HIV agents. |
| PubMed: | Serum prohepcidin concentration: no association with iron absorption in healthy men; and no relationship with iron status in men carrying HFE mutations, hereditary haemochromatosis patients undergoing phlebotomy treatment, or pregnant women. |
| PubMed: | Effect of high-dose iron supplements on fractional zinc absorption and status in pregnant women. |
| PubMed: | Fortifying milk with ferrous gluconate and zinc oxide in a public nutrition program reduced the prevalence of anemia in toddlers. |
| PubMed: | Intravenous iron following cardiac surgery does not increase the infection rate. |
| PubMed: | The role of reduced iron powder in the fermentative production of tetanus toxin. |
| PubMed: | Fortification of soy sauce using various iron sources: sensory acceptability and shelf stability. |
| PubMed: | [Resorption and tolerance of the high doses of ferrous sulfate and ferrous gluconate in the patients on peritoneal dialysis]. |
| PubMed: | Gene expression in human small intestinal mucosa in vivo is mediated by iron-induced oxidative stress. |
| PubMed: | Iron bioavailability from fortified petit suisse cheese determined by the prophylactic-preventive method. |
| PubMed: | Are we giving too much iron? Low-dose iron therapy is effective in octogenarians. |
| PubMed: | In vitro evaluation of iron solubility and dialyzability of various iron fortificants and of iron-fortified milk products targeted for infants and toddlers. |
| PubMed: | Nutritional and technological behavior of stabilized iron-gluconate in wheat flour. |
| PubMed: | Compensating for iron loss in regular blood donors using ferrous gluconate and ascorbic acid. |
| PubMed: | Kinetics of iron-mediated artemisinin degradation: effect of solvent composition and iron salt. |
| PubMed: | Milk versus medicine for the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in hospitalised infants. |
| PubMed: | [Treatment of iron-deficiency anaemia with ferrous gluconate]. |
| PubMed: | Oral iron therapy for anaemia after orthopaedic surgery: randomized clinical trial. |
| PubMed: | [Study on treatment of iron-deficiency anemia by shengxuening]. |
| PubMed: | [Tot'hema--alternative in the treatment of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia]. |
| PubMed: | Daily doses of 20 mg of elemental iron compensate for iron loss in regular blood donors: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. |
| PubMed: | Efficacy of nonhormonal vaginal contraceptives from a hydrogel delivery system. |
| PubMed: | Effect of heme oxygenase-1 inducer hemin on chronic renal failure rats. |
| PubMed: | Iron supplements inhibit zinc but not copper absorption in vivo in ileostomy subjects. |
| PubMed: | Stabilized ferrous gluconate as iron source for food fortification: bioavailability and toxicity studies in rats. |
| PubMed: | [Quality rating of MR-cholangiopancreatography with oral application of iron oxide particles]. |
| PubMed: | Influence of iron status and iron supplements on natural killer cell activity in trained women runners. |
| PubMed: | Mutagenicity and DNA-damaging activity caused by decomposed products of potassium sorbate reacting with ascorbic acid in the presence of Fe salt. |
| PubMed: | Intravenous iron products. |
| PubMed: | A comparison of iron availability from commercial iron preparations using an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture model. |
| PubMed: | [The optimization of MR cholangiopancreatography]. |
| PubMed: | A new protocol of iron therapy combined with epoetin alpha as a treatment for preoperative autologous blood donation in gynaecological tumor surgery. |
| PubMed: | The effect of combined iron therapy (Chemiron) and single iron therapy on the dexamethasone-estriol reaction test for placenta insufficiency during normal pregnancy. |
| PubMed: | Long-term supplementation with iron does not enhance growth in malnourished Bangladeshi children. |
| PubMed: | Iron absorption and therapy after gastric bypass. |
| PubMed: | The utility of a growth factor: r-HuEPO as a treatment for preoperative autologous blood donation in gynecological tumor surgery. |
| PubMed: | The effect of 61 days of combined iron (Chemiron) and single iron therapy on haemoglobin, packed cell volume, platelets and reticulocytes during pregnancy. Preliminary report. |
| PubMed: | Short time effect of Chemiron (a combination iron preparation), single iron, and different magnesium salts on plasma. Magnesium concentration during early pregnancy in Nigerian women. A preliminary report. |
| PubMed: | [Evaluation of hemoglobin and hematocrit in pregnant women receiving folate and iron supplements]. |
| PubMed: | Safety aspects of parenteral iron in patients with end-stage renal disease. |
| PubMed: | The effect of some metal ions on volatile sulfur-containing compounds originating from the oral cavity. |
| PubMed: | Long-term oral supplementation with iron is not harmful for young children in a poor community of Bangladesh. |
| PubMed: | [Effectiveness and tolerability of oral liquid ferrous gluconate in iron-deficiency anemia in pregnancy and in the immediate post-partum period: comparison with other liquid or solid formulations containing bivalent or trivalent iron]. |
| PubMed: | [Effect of hemin in treating hemorrhagic anemia and toxicity]. |
| PubMed: | Therapeutic availability of iron administered orally as the ferrous gluconate together with magnesium-L-aspartate hydrochloride. |
| PubMed: | Bionursing: signs of iron deficiency. |
| PubMed: | Iron overdose and detection of gastrointestinal bleeding with the hemoccult and gastroccult assays. |
| PubMed: | A Mössbauer and X-ray powder diffraction study of some ferrous hematinics. |
| PubMed: | Potentiation of magnesium-deficiency-induced foetotoxicity by concomitant iron deficiency and its prevention by adequate supply via drinking water. |
| PubMed: | Interactions between magnesium and iron. In vitro studies. |
| PubMed: | Red cell collection by apheresis technology. |
| PubMed: | Dysfunction of the blood-retina barrier following white light exposure. A tracer study with horseradish peroxidase and ferrous gluconate. |
| PubMed: | Use of HemoQuant assays to assess the effect of oral iron preparations on stool hemoccult tests. |
| PubMed: | [The use of drinking water as a vehicle of nutrients: experimental studies with iron]. |
| PubMed: | Is hematologic response to iron and erythropoietin in hemodialysis patients affected by other factors? |
| PubMed: | Clinical and chemical interactions between iron preparations and ciprofloxacin. |
| PubMed: | Porphyria cutanea tarda due to ferrous gluconate. |
| PubMed: | Induction of hepatic metallothionein by intraperitoneal metal injection: an associated inflammatory response. |
| PubMed: | An investigation into the effects of oral iron supplementation on in vivo Hemoccult stool testing. |
| PubMed: | [Oral iron therapy. Bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness of ferrous iron in effervescent tablets in posthemorrhagic iron deficiency anemia]. |
| PubMed: | Management of acute iron overdose. |
| PubMed: | [Clinical experiences with iron-folic acid substitution in pregnancy in the form of an effervescent tablet]. |
| PubMed: | Iron supplementation in female blood donors deferred by copper sulfate screening. |
| PubMed: | Alteration of methyldopa absorption, metabolism, and blood pressure control caused by ferrous sulfate and ferrous gluconate. |
| PubMed: | Thrombocytopenia associated with repletion of iron in iron-deficiency anemia. |
| PubMed: | Antenatal iron supplementation in sickle cell disease. |
| PubMed: | Traditional treatment of pregnancy anaemia in Nigeria. An indication for modern therapeutics. |
| PubMed: | [Oral and intramuscular intervention with dextriferron in growing male calves. 4. Development of food intake during the suckling period]. |
| PubMed: | Acute iron poisoning in children. |
| PubMed: | Paramagnetic contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging: research at Vanderbilt University. |
| PubMed: | False-positive stool occult blood tests caused by iron preparations. A controlled study and review of literature. |
| PubMed: | Ultrastructural abnormalities in carcinogen-induced hepatocellular altered foci identified by resistance to iron accumulation. |
| PubMed: | Puerperal haematological indices. |
| PubMed: | The persistence and phenotypic stability of transplanted rat liver neoplastic nodules. |
| PubMed: | Microcytic normochromic anemia associated with iron storage by hypernephroma. |
| PubMed: | Enhancement of rat hepatocellular-altered foci by the liver tumor promoter phenobarbital: evidence that foci are precursors of neoplasms and that the promoter acts on carcinogen-induced lesions. |
| PubMed: | Quantitative kinetics of development of N-2-fluorenylacetamide-induced, altered (hyperplastic) hepatocellular foci resistant to iron accumulation and of their reversion or persistence following removal of carcinogen. |
| PubMed: | Absorption and side-effects after peroral administration of sustained release iron tablets. Ferro-Retard compared with Ferronicum and Duroferon Duretter. |
| PubMed: | [Plasma proteins in iron transport]. |
| PubMed: | Effects of concurrent drug therapy and of feeding on plasma chloramphenicol levels after oral administration of chloramphenicol in dogs. |
| PubMed: | Experimental and clinical comparative study of iron carbohydrate complex with ferrous gluconate. |
| PubMed: | Ferrous gluconate with ascorbic acid. |
| PubMed: | [Plasma iron in normal and anemic persons treated with ferrous gluconate]. |
| PubMed: | DESFERRIOXAMINE IN THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE TOXIC REACTION TO FERROUS GLUCONATE. |
| PubMed: | The effect of pH on the stability of solutions of liver fraction I, N.F.X in the presence of ferrous lactate and ferrous gluconate. |
| PubMed: | An experimental study of the toxicity of ferrous gluconate. |
| PubMed: | The stability of aqueous solutions of ferrous gluconate. |
| PubMed: | [Ferrous gluconate in therapy of iron deficiency anemia]. |
| PubMed: | Ferrous gluconate in anaemia of pregnancy. |
| PubMed: | RADIOACTIVE IRON AND ITS EXCRETION IN URINE, BILE, AND FECES. |
| PubMed: | THE USE OF FERROUS GLUCONATE IN THE TREATMENT OF HYPOCHROMIC ANEMIA. |
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