chloropicrin
nitrotrichloromethane
 
Notes:
None found
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CAS Number: 76-06-2Picture of molecule3D/inchi
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg: 200-930-9
FDA UNII: I4JTX7Z7U2
Nikkaji Web: J2.402C
Beilstein Number: 1756135
MDL: MFCD00041878
XlogP3: 2.10 (est)
Molecular Weight: 164.37240000
Formula: C Cl3 N O2
BioActivity Summary: listing
NMR Predictor: Predict (works with chrome or firefox)
Category: herbicides / pesticides
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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Physical Properties:
Appearance: colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00 % 
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: -64.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Boiling Point: 112.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure: 23.800000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 55.00 °F. TCC ( 13.00 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 2.090
Soluble in:
 water, 1620 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
 water, 436.8 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
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Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
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Cosmetic Information:
None found
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Suppliers:
 None found
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Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
intravenous-guinea pig LD50  4200 ug/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: ACUTE PULMONARY EDEMA
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 114, Pg. 146, 1958.

intraperitoneal-mouse LD50  25 mg/kg
Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal. Chemical Pharmaceutical Journal. For English translation, see PCJOAU. Vol. 10(6), Pg. 53, 1976.

oral-rat LD50  250 mg/kg
Dow Chemical Company Reports. Vol. -, Pg. -, 1972.

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
inhalation-cat LCLo 800 mg/m3/20M
BEHAVIORAL: FOOD INTAKE (ANIMAL) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: ACUTE PULMONARY EDEMA LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
Zeitschrift fuer die Gesamte Experimentelle Medizin. Vol. 106, Pg. 296, 1939.

inhalation-guinea pig LCLo 800 mg/m3/20M
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: ACUTE PULMONARY EDEMA LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: EMPHYSEMA
Zeitschrift fuer die Gesamte Experimentelle Medizin. Vol. 106, Pg. 296, 1939.

inhalation-human LCLo 2000 mg/m3/10M
"Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 169, 1969.

inhalation-human TCLo 2 mg/m3
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: CONJUNCTIVE IRRITATION: EYE
Zeitschrift fuer die Gesamte Experimentelle Medizin. Vol. 106, Pg. 296, 1939.

inhalation-mouse LC50 66 mg/m3/4H
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: INCREASED INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE: EYE
Sangyo Igaku. Japanese Journal of Industrial Health. Vol. 15, Pg. 406, 1973.

inhalation-rabbit LC50 800 mg/m3/20M
Farm Chemicals Handbook. Vol. -, Pg. C72, 1991.

inhalation-rat LC50 14400 ppb/4H
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Nippon Noyaku Gakkaishi. Journal of the Pesticide Science Society of Japan. Vol. 16, Pg. 63, 1991.

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Safety in Use Information:
Category: herbicides / pesticides
Recommendation for chloropicrin usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for chloropicrin flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):
Reasoned opinion on the review of the existing maximum residue levels (MRLs) for chloropicrin according to Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005
View page or View pdf
EPI System: View
NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards: search
NIOSH Pocket Guide: search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: Search
Cancer Citations: Search
Toxicology Citations: Search
Carcinogenic Potency Database: Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): 76-06-2
EPA ACToR: Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : 6423
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
WGK Germany: 1
 trichloro(nitro)methane
Chemidplus: 0000076062
EPA/NOAA CAMEO: hazardous materials
RTECS: 76-06-2
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References:
 trichloro(nitro)methane
NIST Chemistry WebBook: Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List: 76-06-2
Pubchem (cid): 6423
Pubchem (sid): 134971383
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Other Information:
(IUPAC): Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos: The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc: Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC): Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI: View
CHEMBL: View
KEGG (GenomeNet): C18445
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): Search
MedlinePlusSupp: View
ChemSpider: View
Wikipedia: View
Formulations/Preparations:
•brom-o-gas, bromo-o-sol, terr-o-gas; rootect oil (with dcip) discontinued •dowfume mc-33 fumigant: active ingredients 67.0% methyl bromide & 33.0% chloropicrin. •m-b-r 75: active ingredients 75.0% methyl bromide & 25.0% chloropicrin. •chlor-o-pic: active ingredient 99.0% chloropicrin. •terr-o-gas 70 preplant soil fumigant: active ingredients 70.0% methyl bromide & 30.0% chloropicrin. •terr-o-gas 98: active ingredients 98.0% methyl bromide & 2.0% chloropicrin. •terr-o-gas 45: active ingredients 45.0% methyl bromide & 55.0% chloropicrin. •terr-o-gas 67: active ingredients 67.0% methyl bromide & 33.0% chloropicrin. •terr-o-gas 33 preplant soil fumigant: active ingredients 33.0% methyl bromide & 67.0% chloropicrin. •terr-o-gas 57 preplant soil fumigant: active ingredients 57.0% methyl bromide & 43.0% chloropicrin. •glc terr-o-gas 75 preplant soil fumigant: active ingredients 75.0% methyl bromide & 25.0% chloropicrin. •terr-o-gas 80: active ingredients 80.0% methyl bromide & 20.0% chloropicrin. •terr-o-gas 50: active ingredients 50.0% methyl bromide & 50.0% chloropicrin. •67-33: active ingredients 67.0% methyl bromide & 33.0% chloropicrin. •chloropicrin: active ingredient 99.0% chloropicrin. •chloropicrin technical grade: active ingredient 99.0% chloropicrin. •chloropicrin 100 fumigant: active ingredient 99.0% chloropicrin. •pic-brom 33: active ingredients 67.0% methyl bromide & 33.0% chloropicrin. •pic-brom 55: active ingredients 45.0% methyl bromide & 54.7% chloropicrin. •pic-brom 43: active ingredients 56.6% methyl bromide & 43.0% chloropicrin. •pic clor 60: active ingredients 39.0% 1,3-dichloropropene & 59.4% chloropicrin. •pic-brom 50: active ingredients 50.0% methyl bromide & 50.0% chloropicrin. •pic brom 25: active ingredients 75.0% methyl bromide & 25.0% chloropicrin. •pic-brom 67: active ingredients 33.0% methyl bromide & 67.0% chloropicrin. •pic-clor 15: active ingredients 82.9% 1,3-dichloropropene & 14.8% chloropicrin. •pic-clor 30: active ingredients 68.2% 1,3-dichloropropene & 29.7% chloropicrin. •pic-chlor 40 ec: active ingredients 55.6% 1,3-dichloropropene & 37.8% chloropicrin. •pic-clor 60 ec: active ingredients 37.1% 1,3-dichloropropene & 56.7% chloropicrin. •67-33 preplant soil fumigation: active ingredients 67.0% methyl bromide & 33.0% chloropicrin. •75-25 preplant soil fumigant: active ingredients 75.0% methyl bromide & 25.0% chloropicrin. •50-50 preplant soil fumigant: active ingredients 50.0% methyl bromide & 50.0% chloropicrin. •57-43 preplant soil fumigant: active ingredients 57.0% methyl bromide & 43.0% chloropicrin. •metapicrin: active ingredient 100.0% chloropicrin. •80-20 preplant soil fumigant: active ingredients 80.0% methyl bromide & 20.0% chloropicrin. •mbc-33 soil fumigant: active ingredients 67.0% methyl bromide & 33.0% chloropicrin. •hd-pic fumigant: active ingredient 96.5% chloropicrin. •pic plus fumigant: active ingredient 85.5% chloropicrin. •tri-con 5743 preplant soil fumigant: active ingredients 57.0% methyl bromide & 42.6% chloropicrin. •tri-con 6733: active ingredients 67.0% methyl bromide & 32.7% chloropicrin. •tri-con 7525: active ingredients 75.0% methyl bromide & 24.8% chloropicrin. •tri-con 5050: active ingredients 50.0% methyl bromide & 50.0% chloropicrin. •tri-con 4555: active ingredients 45.0% methyl bromide & 54.5% chloropicrin. •tri-form 4060: active ingredients 37.6% 1,3-dichloropropene & 60.0% chloropicrin. •telone c-15: active ingredients 82.9% 1,3-dichloropropene & 14.8% chloropicrin. •tri-form 30: active ingredients 68.2% 1,3-dichloropropene & 29.7% chloropicrin. •tri-form 35: active ingredients 63.4% 1,3-dichloropropene & 34.6% chloropicrin. •reddick pic-c100: active ingredient 99.0% chloropicrin. •reddick bro-mean c-2r: active ingredients 98.0% methyl bromide & 2.0% chloropicrin. •reddick bro-mean c-33: active ingredients 67.0% methyl bromide & 33.0% chloropicrin. •tri-con 8020: active ingredients 80.0% methyl bromide & 19.8% chloropicrin. •tri-clor fumigant: active ingredient 99.0% chloropicrin. •tri-clor ec fumigant: active ingredient 94.0% chloropicrin. •trical technical chloropicrin: active ingredient 99.4% chloropicrin. •chloropicrin: active ingredient 99.3% chloropicrin. •ashta gold: active ingredient 99.3% chloropicrin. •telone c-17: active ingredients 81.2% 1,3-dichloropropene & 16.5% chloropicrin. •telone c-35: active ingredients 63.4% 1,3-dichloropropene & 34.7% chloropicrin. •inline: active ingredients 60.8% 1,3-dichloropropene & 33.3% chloropicrin. •tm-42503: active ingredients 25.0% methane, iodo- (11) & 75.0% chloropicrin. •tm-442: active ingredient 99.0% chloropicrin. •midas 50:50: active ingredients 50.0% methane, iodo- (11) & 50.0% chloropicrin. •midas ec bronze: active ingredients 50.0% methane, iodo- (11) & 45.0% chloropicrin. •midas 33:67: active ingredients 33.0% methane, iodo- (11) & 67.0% chloropicrin. •midas ec gold: active ingredients 33.0% methane, iodo- (11) & 62.0% chloropicrin. •nutrapic: active ingredient 99.0% chloropicrin. •timberfume ii: active ingredient 98.2% chloropicrin. •osmose timberfume: active ingredient 99.0% chloropicrin. •tear agent chloroacetophenone and chloropicrin in chloroform (cns): chloroacetophenone (cn; c6h5coch2cl; 23%), chloropicrin (ps; c(no2)cl3; 38.4%), chloroform (chcl3; 38.4%) •chloropicrin end-use fumigant products are packaged as 100% chloropicrin formulations as well as in combination formulations with methyl bromide and telone. chloropicrin is also projected to be combined with iodomethane and dimethyl disulfide . in these combination end-use products, the percent active ingredient for chloropicrin can range from 20 to 55% when combined with methyl bromide and from 15 to 60% when combined with telone. chloropicrin is also used as a warning agent when it is added at 2% or less by weight to methyl bromide (for preplant soil fumigation) formulations. ...
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Potential Blenders and core components note
 
None Found
 
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Potential Uses:
None Found
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 not found in nature
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Synonyms:
 aquinite
 chlorpikrin
 dojyopicrin
 larvacide
 methane, trichloronitro-
 nitrochloroform
 nitrotrichloromethane
 picride
 timberfume
 trichloro-nitromethane
 trichloro(nitro)methane
 trichloronitromethane
1,1,1-trichloronitromethane
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Articles:
PubMed: To add or not to add: The use of quenching agents for the analysis of disinfection by-products in water samples.
PubMed: Coupling digestion in a pilot-scale UASB reactor and electrochemical oxidation over BDD anode to treat diluted cheese whey.
PubMed: Sequential treatment of diluted olive pomace leachate by digestion in a pilot scale UASB reactor and BDD electrochemical oxidation.
PubMed: Sensitive and comprehensive detection of chemical warfare agents in air by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization ion trap tandem mass spectrometry with counterflow introduction.
PubMed: Evaluation of chloropicrin as a soil fumigant against Ralstonia solanacarum in ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) production in China.
PubMed: Chloropicrin-induced toxic responses in human lung epithelial cells.
PubMed: Nano-silver in drinking water and drinking water sources: stability and influences on disinfection by-product formation.
PubMed: Examination of disinfection by-product (DBP) formation in source waters: a study using log-transformed differential spectra.
PubMed: Quantification of Fusarium oxysporum in fumigated soils by a newly developed real-time PCR assay to assess the efficacy of fumigants for Fusarium wilt disease in strawberry plants.
PubMed: DBP formation in hot and cold water across a simulated distribution system: effect of incubation time, heating time, pH, chlorine dose, and incubation temperature.
PubMed: Degradation kinetics and chloropicrin formation during aqueous chlorination of dinoseb.
PubMed: Changes and recovery of soil bacterial communities influenced by biological soil disinfestation as compared with chloropicrin-treatment.
PubMed: Emissions from soil fumigation in two raised bed production systems tarped with low permeability films.
PubMed: Dissipation of soil fumigants from soil following repeated applications.
PubMed: Intracellular organic matter from cyanobacteria as a precursor for carbonaceous and nitrogenous disinfection byproducts.
PubMed: Spatio-temporal variability of non-regulated disinfection by-products within a drinking water distribution network.
PubMed: Development of biological soil disinfestations in Japan.
PubMed: Disinfection byproduct formation from chlorination of pure bacterial cells and pipeline biofilms.
PubMed: Effect of films on 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin emission, soil concentration, and root-knot nematode control in a raised bed.
PubMed: Kinetics and mechanisms of pH-dependent degradation of halonitromethanes by UV photolysis.
PubMed: Emission and transport of 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin in a large field tarped with VaporSafe TIF.
PubMed: Emission and distribution of fumigants as affected by soil moistures in three different textured soils.
PubMed: Quantification of the effects of various soil fumigation treatments on nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in laboratory incubation and field studies.
PubMed: The effect of inorganic precursors on disinfection byproduct formation during UV-chlorine/chloramine drinking water treatment.
PubMed: Evaluation of chloropicrin gelatin capsule formulation as a soil fumigant for greenhouse strawberry in China.
PubMed: Mitigating 1,3-dichloropropene, chloropicrin, and methyl iodide emissions from fumigated soil with reactive film.
PubMed: Chloropicrin induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in human retinal pigment epithelial cells.
PubMed: [Investigation on the levels of carbon-, nitrogen-, iodine-containing disinfection by-products in a water plant in Jiangsu province, China].
PubMed: Trade-offs in disinfection byproduct formation associated with precursor preoxidation for control of N-nitrosodimethylamine formation.
PubMed: Concentrations and correlations of disinfection by-products in municipal drinking water from an exposure assessment perspective.
PubMed: Precursors and nitrogen origins of trichloronitromethane and dichloroacetonitrile during chlorination/chloramination.
PubMed: Iodine bonding stabilizes iodomethane in MIDAS pesticide. Theoretical study of intermolecular interactions between iodomethane and chloropicrin.
PubMed: [Toxicity and bioactivity of several alternative nematocides against Ditylenchus destructor].
PubMed: Ozone-biological activated carbon integrated treatment for removal of precursors of halogenated nitrogenous disinfection by-products.
PubMed: Subsurface drip application of alternative fumigants to methyl bromide for controlling nematodes in replanted grapevines.
PubMed: [Chlorination byproducts formation potentials of typical nitrogenous organic compounds in water].
PubMed: Coupling field observations, soil modeling, and air dispersion algorithms to estimate 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin flux and exposure.
PubMed: Chloropicrin emissions after shank injection: two-dimensional analytical and numerical model simulations of different source methods and field measurements.
PubMed: A standardized approach for estimating the permeability of plastic films to soil fumigants under various field and environmental conditions.
PubMed: Improved soil fumigation by Telone C35 using carbonation.
PubMed: Soil fate of agricultural fumigants in raised-bed, plasticulture systems in the southeastern United States.
PubMed: Field evaluation of a new plastic film (vapor safe) to reduce fumigant emissions and improve distribution in soil.
PubMed: Drip application of methyl bromide alternative chemicals for control of soilborne pathogens and weeds.
PubMed: Determination of halonitromethanes in treated water.
PubMed: Impact of UV disinfection combined with chlorination/chloramination on the formation of halonitromethanes and haloacetonitriles in drinking water.
PubMed: Changes in microorganisms populations in the soil after fumigation.
PubMed: Lateral movement of soil fumigants 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin from treated agricultural fields.
PubMed: [Inquries concerning chloropicrin poisoning of agricultural worker in JPIC].
PubMed: Spatial and temporal evaluations of disinfection by-products in drinking water distribution systems in Beijing, China.
PubMed: Effects of reduced-rate methyl bromide applications under conventional and virtually impermeable plastic film in perennial crop field nurseries.
PubMed: Sensory detection and responses to toxic gases: mechanisms, health effects, and countermeasures.
PubMed: 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin emissions following simulated drip irrigation to raised beds under plastic films.
PubMed: Gas-phase distribution and emission of chloropicrin applied in gelatin capsules to soil columns.
PubMed: Community exposure following a drip-application of chloropicrin.
PubMed: Effects of midas® on nematodes in commercial floriculture production in Florida.
PubMed: Nitrogenous disinfection byproducts formation and nitrogen origin exploration during chloramination of nitrogenous organic compounds.
PubMed: Halonitromethanes formation in wastewater treatment plant effluents.
PubMed: Capsaicinoids, chloropicrin and sulfur mustard: possibilities for exposure biomarkers.
PubMed: Spot fumigation: fumigant gas dispersion and emission characteristics.
PubMed: Interactive effect of organic amendment and environmental factors on degradation of 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin in soil.
PubMed: Illnesses associated with chloropicrin use in California agriculture, 1992-2003.
PubMed: Laboratory assessment of emission reduction strategies for the agricultural fumigants 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin.
PubMed: Nitrogen enriched dissolved organic matter (DOM) isolates and their affinity to form emerging disinfection by-products.
PubMed: Effects of manure and water applications on 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin emissions in a field trial.
PubMed: To what extent are soil amendments useful to control Verticillium wilt?
PubMed: [Risk management of mass disaster induced by chloropicrin].
PubMed: Nitrosamine, dimethylnitramine, and chloropicrin formation during strong base anion-exchange treatment.
PubMed: Genotoxic evaluation of two halonitromethane disinfection by-products in the Drosophila wing-spot test.
PubMed: Genotoxicity analysis of two halonitromethanes, a novel group of disinfection by-products (DBPs), in human cells treated in vitro.
PubMed: Application of different analytical methods for determination of volatile chlorination by-products in drinking water.
PubMed: Use of a Nitrate-Nonutilizing Mutant and Selective Media to Examine Population Dynamics of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae in Soil.
PubMed: Biological approaches for control of root pathogens of strawberry.
PubMed: Application of alternative fumigants through drip irrigation systems.
PubMed: Status of chemical alternatives to methyl bromide for pre-plant fumigation of soil.
PubMed: Multivariate analysis of toxicological and environmental properties of soil nematicides.
PubMed: Field tests of surface seals and soil treatments to reduce fumigant emissions from shank injection of Telone C35.
PubMed: Systemic fluoride poisoning and death from inhalational exposure to sulfuryl fluoride.
PubMed: Soil chamber method for determination of drip-applied fumigant behavior in bed-furrow agriculture: application to chloropicrin.
PubMed: Comparison of surface emissions and subsurface distribution of cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin in sandy field beds covered with four different plastic films.
PubMed: Method for quantifying nitromethane in blood as a potential biomarker of halonitromethane exposure.
PubMed: Effect of plastic tarps over raised-beds and potassium thiosulfate in furrows on chloropicrin emissions from drip fumigated fields.
PubMed: Combinations of reduced rates of 1,3-dichloropropene and dazomet as a broad spectrum soil fumigation strategy in view of methyl bromide replacement.
PubMed: Evaluation of fumigation and surface seal methods on fumigant emissions in an orchard replant field.
PubMed: Correlations between organic matter properties and DBP formation during chloramination.
PubMed: Degradation of trichloronitromethane by iron water main corrosion products.
PubMed: Effect of application timing and method on efficacy and phytotoxicity of 1,3-D, chloropicrin and metam-sodium combinations in squash plasticulture.
PubMed: Effect of drip application of ammonium thiosulfate on fumigant degradation in soil columns.
PubMed: Dissolved organic nitrogen as a precursor for chloroform, dichloroacetonitrile, N-nitrosodimethylamine, and trichloronitromethane.
PubMed: Effects of injection systems and plastic mulches on distribution and emissions of cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin.
PubMed: Characterization of disinfection byproduct precursors based on hydrophobicity and molecular size.
PubMed: Measuring flux of soil fumigants using the aerodynamic and dynamic flux chamber methods.
PubMed: Free radical chemistry of disinfection byproducts. 2. Rate constants and degradation mechanisms of trichloronitromethane (chloropicrin).
PubMed: Transfer and Development of Pasteuria penetrans.
PubMed: Health risks by bromomethane and other toxic gases in import cargo ship containers.
PubMed: Emission, distribution and leaching of methyl isothiocyanate and chloropicrin under different surface containments.
PubMed: Factors affecting formation of haloacetonitriles, haloketones, chloropicrin and cyanogen halides during chloramination.
PubMed: Surface seals reduce 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin emissions in field tests.
PubMed: Dehalogenation of halogenated fumigants by polysulfide salts.
PubMed: Kinetic and microscopic studies of reductive transformations of organic contaminants on goethite.
PubMed: Time-dependent infrared emission following photodissociation of nitromethane and chloropicrin.
PubMed: Dechlorination of chloropicrin and 1,3-dichloropropene by hydrogen sulfide species: redox and nucleophilic substitution reactions.
PubMed: Bacterial oxidation of methyl bromide in fumigated agricultural soils.
PubMed: Root-knot nematode management in double-cropped plasticulture vegetables.
PubMed: [Application of NeedlEx to the analysis of chemical weapons--1st report: chloropicrin].
PubMed: Fumigant distribution in forest nursery soils under water seal and plastic film after application of dazomet, metam-sodium and chloropicrin.
PubMed: Degradation of chloropicrin in the presence of zero-valent iron.
PubMed: Effects of application methods and plastic covers on distribution of cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin in root zone.
PubMed: Disinfection by-products and microbial contamination in the treatment of pool water with granular activated carbon.
PubMed: Physical, chemical and environmental properties of selected chemical alternatives for the pre-plant use of methyl bromide as soil fumigant.
PubMed: Effects of application strategies of fumigant and nonfumigant nematicides on cantaloupe grown in deep sand soils in Florida.
PubMed: Degradation of methyl isothiocyanate and chloropicrin in forest nursery soils.
PubMed: Mass spectral analysis of chloropicrin under negative ion chemical ionization conditions.
PubMed: Incompatibility of metam sodium with halogenated fumigants.
PubMed: Movement and biological activity of drip-applied 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin in raised mulched beds in the southeastern USA.
PubMed: Effect of combined application of methyl isothiocyanate and chloropicrin on their transformation.
PubMed: Persistence, distribution, and emission of Telone C35 injected into a Florida sandy soil as affected by moisture, organic matter, and plastic film cover.
PubMed: Illness associated with drift of chloropicrin soil fumigant into a residential area--Kern County, California, 2003.
PubMed: Enrichment and molecular characterization of chloropicrin- and metam-sodium-degrading microbial communities.
PubMed: Fumigation toxicity of volatile natural and synthetic cyanohydrins to stored-product pests and activity as soil fumigants.
PubMed: Chemical alternatives for soil fumigation with methyl bromide on tobacco seedbeds in nematode and weed control.
PubMed: [Gas chromatographic isolation of chloropicrin in drinking water].
PubMed: Transformation of chloropicrin and 1,3-dichloropropene by metam sodium in a combined application of fumigants.
PubMed: Fumigant combinations for Cyperus esculentum L control.
PubMed: Brief report: exposure to tear gas from a theft-deterrent device on a safe--Wisconsin, December 2003.
PubMed: The occurrence of disinfection by-products in the drinking water of Athens, Greece.
PubMed: Leaching potential of persistent soil fumigant residues.
PubMed: [A case of chloropicrin detection by purge and trap gas chromatography/mass spectrometry].
PubMed: Competitive degradation between the fumigants chloropicrin and 1,3-dichloropropene in unamended and amended soils.
PubMed: Development of alternative strategies for management of soilborne pathogens currently controlled with methyl bromide.
PubMed: Formation and extraction of persistent fumigant residues in soils.
PubMed: Soil fumigation with chloropicrin in Italy: experimental results on melon, eggplant and tomato.
PubMed: [A case of fatal chloropicrine poisoning induced by ingestion].
PubMed: Formation of organic by-products during chlorination of natural waters.
PubMed: Organic matter effects on phase partition of 1,3-dichloropropene in soil.
PubMed: Community exposures to airborne agricultural pesticides in California: ranking of inhalation risks.
PubMed: Application of central composite design in the optimisation of thermal desorption parameters for the trace level determination of the chemical warfare agent chloropicrin.
PubMed: Hydrogen abstraction and decomposition of bromopicrin and other trihalogenated disinfection byproducts by GC/MS.
PubMed: The impact of bromide on the formation of neutral and acidic disinfection by-products (DBPs) in Mediterranean chlorinated drinking water.
PubMed: Simple polynomial multiplication algorithms for exact conditional tests of linearity in a logistic model.
PubMed: Effect of environmental conditions on the permeability of high density polyethylene film to fumigant vapors.
PubMed: Glucosinolate breakdown products as insect fumigants and their effect on carbon dioxide emission of insects.
PubMed: Ascorbic acid treatment to reduce residual halogen-based oxidants prior to the determination of halogenated disinfection byproducts in potable water.
PubMed: Retrospective identification of chemical warfare agents by high-temperature automatic thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed: A study on the distribution of chlorination by-products (CBPs) in treated water in Korea.
PubMed: Impact of fumigants on soil microbial communities.
PubMed: Disinfection by-products and volatile organic compounds in the water supply system in Athens, Greece.
PubMed: Transformation of chlorinated aliphatic compounds by ferruginous smectite.
PubMed: Volatility, Adsorption, and Degradation of Propargyl Bromide as a Soil Fumigant.
PubMed: Analytical methods for water disinfection byproducts in foods and beverages.
PubMed: Control of Paratrichodorus allius and Corky Ringspot Disease of Potato in the Columbia Basin of Oregon.
PubMed: Control of Meloidogyne chitwoodi in Potato with Fumigant and Nonfumigant Nematicides.
PubMed: Rate response of 1,3-dichloropropene for nematode control in spring squash in deep sand soils.
PubMed: Chloropicrin dechlorination in relation to toxic action.
PubMed: Simultaneous determination of halogenated neutral and acidic disinfection by-products in drinking water by closed-loop stripping extraction and capillary gas chromatography.
PubMed: Health hazard evaluation of methyl bromide soil fumigations.
PubMed: Assessment of disinfection by-products in drinking water in Korea.
PubMed: Glutathione activation of chloropicrin in the Salmonella mutagenicity test.
PubMed: Chest wall pain and possible rhabdomyolysis after chloropicrin exposure. A case series.
PubMed: Management of Plant-parasitic Nematodes on Peanut with Selected Nematicides in North Carolina.
PubMed: Enhanced degradation of the volatile fumigant-nematicides 1,3-d and methyl bromide in soil.
PubMed: Chloropicrin: reactions with biological thiols and metabolism in mice.
PubMed: Adaptation of soil solarization to the integrated management of soilborne pests of tomato under humid conditions.
PubMed: Genotoxicity assay of chloral hydrate and chloropicrine.
PubMed: Ten and ninety-day toxicity studies of chloropicrin in Sprague-Dawley rats.
PubMed: Reduction of phytoparasitic nematodes on tomato by soil solarization and genotype.
PubMed: Effects of fumigant nematicides on yield and quality of paste tomatoes grown in southwestern ontario.
PubMed: Effects of Nematicides and Cuitivars on Rotylenchulus reniformis and Flue-cured Tobacco Yield.
PubMed: Effects of soil fumigants and aldicarb on nematodes, tuber quality, and yield in potato.
PubMed: Effects of soil fumigants and aldicarb on corky ringspot disease and trichodorid nematodes in potato.
PubMed: Spring or Fall Fumigation for Control of Meloidogyne spp. on Tobacco.
PubMed: Soil fumigation: principles and application technology.
PubMed: Activation of promutagenic chemicals by Streptomyces griseus containing cytochrome P-450soy.
PubMed: [Symptoms of acute inhalation lesions caused by trichloronitromethane].
PubMed: Preparation for human study of pesticide applicators: sister chromatid exchanges and chromosome aberrations in cultured human lymphocytes exposed to selected fumigants.
PubMed: An improperly labeled container with chloropicrin: a farmer's nightmare.
PubMed: Direct capillary trapping and gas chromatographic analysis of bromomethane and other highly volatile air pollutants.
PubMed: Influence of aldicarb on the growth and yield of tobacco.
PubMed: Rapid determination of fumigant and industrial chemical residues in food.
PubMed: [Comparative evaluation of gas chromatographic and photometric methods for determining chloropicrin in water].
PubMed: Determining multifumigants in whole grains and legumes, milled and low-fat grain products, spices, citrus fruit, and beverages.
PubMed: Acute symptoms in persons residing near a field treated with the soil fumigants methyl bromide and chloropicrin.
PubMed: A case of homicidal intoxication by chloropicrin.
PubMed: [Mutagenicity of aliphatic and aromatic nitro compounds. Industrial materials and related compounds].
PubMed: Chloropicrin toxicity involving animal and human exposure.
PubMed: Chloropicrin formation during oxidative treatments in the preparation of drinking water.
PubMed: Biodehalogenation: reactions of cytochrome P-450 with polyhalomethanes.
PubMed: Respiratory tract lesions induced by sensory irritants at the RD50 concentration.
PubMed: [Determination of residual trichloronitromethane in the air and in Chinese drugs].
PubMed: Gas chromatographic determination of fumigant residues in stored grains, using isooctane partitioning and dual column packings.
PubMed: Effects of film mulch and soil pesticides on nematodes, weeds, and yields of vegetable crops.
PubMed: Effects of one and two applications of nematicides on nematode populations and soybean yields.
PubMed: Dispersion, Dissipation, and Efficacy of Methyl Bromide-Chloropicrin Gas vs. Gel Formulations on Nematodes and Weeds in Tifton Sandy Loam.
PubMed: Chemical Control of Nematodes and Soil-borne Plant-Pathogenic Fungi on Cabbage Tranplants.
PubMed: Bioassay of chloropicrin for possible carcinogenicity.
PubMed: Effects of management practices on nematode and fungi populations and okra yield.
PubMed: The treatment of soil infested with the human whipworm, Trichuris trichiura.
PubMed: The adsorption of chloropicrin by carbon filters: characterisation of the breakthrough curves.
PubMed: Preplant fumigation for citrus nematode control in Florida.
PubMed: Pinto Bean Yield Increased by Chemical Control of Pratylenchus spp.
PubMed: [Hygienic evaluation of the working conditions during chloropicrin treatment of grain].
PubMed: [Trial of chloropicrin and hexachlorane for control of burrow sandflies].
PubMed: [A study of chloropicrin intoxication].
PubMed: THE CONTROL OF TRICHOSTRONGYLE LARVAE (NEMATODA) BY FUMIGATION IN RELATION TO THEIR BIONOMICS. II. LABORATORY TOXICITY TESTS WITH METHYL BROMIDE.
PubMed: [POISONING BY CARBON MONOXIDE, HYDROCYANIC ACID AND IRRITANT GAS].
PubMed: Relative depletion of lung histamine in experimental pulmonary oedema induced by chloropicrin and vagotomy.
PubMed: [Role of the adrenal gland in the mechanism of the inhibiting effect of lobeline in chloropicrin induced pulmonary edema].
PubMed: [Development of stenosis of the larynx and of subcutaneous emphysema following chloropicrin poisoning].
PubMed: [Ligature of the inferior vena cava in acute pulmonary congestion from chloropicrin].
PubMed: Effect of chlorprophenpyridamine on pulmonary edema produced by adrenaline and chloropicrin in rabbits.
PubMed: [Action of chloropicrin on ribonuclease].
PubMed: [The action of some dehydrogenated alkaloids of spurred rye on the acute experimental pulmonary edema caused by chloropicrin].
PubMed: [Chloropicrin as a diabetogenic substance in the guinea pig].
PubMed: [Photochemical transformation of chloropicrin into phosgene; case of collective poisoning due to this reaction].
PubMed: [Antibacterial activity of aliphatic halogen derivatives, particularly chloropicrin and bromopicrin; contribution to the study of their mechanism of action].
PubMed: [Technic for extermination of rats on ships with chloropicrin].
PubMed: [Influence of pH on the inhibition of muscular phosphorylase in the rat by chloropicrine].
PubMed: [Photochemical transformation of chloropicrin into phosgene. II. A case of group poisoning due to this reaction].
PubMed: [Photochemical transformation of chloropicrin into phosgene. I. New sensitive and specific reagents for these two substances].
PubMed: [Not Available].
PubMed: [Not Available].
PubMed: [Not available].
PubMed: EFFECT OF CHLOROPICRIN IN THE SOIL SOLUTION ON PLANT GROWTH.
PubMed: EXPERIMENTAL GENERALIZED ANALGESIA AFTER EXPOSURE TO SOME WAR GASES.
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