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Category: multipurpose additives
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | white crystalline powder (est) |
| Assay: | 98.00 to 100.00 %
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 201.00 to 202.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 667.93 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
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| Flash Point: | 676.00 °F. TCC ( 357.80 °C. ) (est)
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| logP (o/w): | -3.391 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 195000 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp) |
Organoleptic Properties:
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| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 > 10000 mg/kg Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 3, Pg. 2427, 1975.
intraperitoneal-rat LD50 > 10000 mg/kg Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 3, Pg. 2427, 1975.
intravenous-dog LDLo 1500 mg/kg "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1289, 1935.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
subcutaneous-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 3, Pg. 2427, 1975.
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | multipurpose additives |
| Recommendation for lactose usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for lactose flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
| EPI System: | View |
| ClinicalTrials.gov: | search |
| Daily Med: | search |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: | Search |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA GENetic TOXicology: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 63-42-3 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 6134 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WGK Germany: | 2 |
| | (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol |
| Chemidplus: | 0000063423 |
| EPA/NOAA CAMEO: | hazardous materials |
References:
| | (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 63-42-3 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 6134 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134971806 |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | aletobiose | | | cosmospheres BT3-S | | | cosmospheres GC3-S | | | cosmospheres GT-S | | | cosmospheres RT-S | | | cosmospheres WTS-M | | | cosmospheres YT-S | | | cosmospheres YTO-S | | 4-O-b-D- | galactopyranosyl-b-D-glucopyranose | | 4-O-beta-D- | galactopyranosyl-D-glucose | | 4-(b-D- | galactosido)-D-glucose | | 4-(beta-dextro- | galactosido)-dextro-glucose | | b-D- | glucopyranose, 4-O-b-D-galactopyranosyl- | | D- | glucose, 4-O-b-D-galactopyranosyl- (9CI) | | | lactobiose | | (+)- | lactose | | | lactose anhydrous | | | milk sugar | | | saccharum lactin | | | tablettose |
Articles:
| PubMed: | Process optimization for the manufacture of lemon based beverage from hydrolyzed whey. |
| PubMed: | Cheddar cheese ripening and flavor characterization: a review. |
| PubMed: | Monitoring the ripening process of Cheddar cheese based on hydrophilic component profiling using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | Milk composition and flavor under different feeding systems: a survey of dairy farms. |
| PubMed: | Dynamics of Penicillium camemberti growth quantified by real-time PCR on Camembert-type cheeses under different conditions of temperature and relative humidity. |
| PubMed: | Physicochemical and sensory characterization of Cheddar cheese with variable NaCl levels and equal moisture content. |
| PubMed: | Fermented milks and milk products as functional foods--a review. |
| PubMed: | Metabolic fingerprinting of hard and semi-hard natural cheeses using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector for practical sensory prediction modeling. |
| PubMed: | Active compounds and distinctive sensory features provided by American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) extract in a new functional milk beverage. |
| PubMed: | Microstructural, physical, and sensory impact of starch, inulin, and soy protein in low-fat gluten and lactose free white sauces. |
| PubMed: | Metabolomics-based component profiling of hard and semi-hard natural cheeses with gas chromatography/time-of-flight-mass spectrometry, and its application to sensory predictive modeling. |
| PubMed: | Qualitative comparison of blackcurrant and blackcurrant--whey beverages. |
| PubMed: | Measuring acceptance of milk and milk substitutes among younger and older children. |
| PubMed: | Volatile flavor compounds in yogurt: a review. |
| PubMed: | The complete genome of Propionibacterium freudenreichii CIRM-BIA1, a hardy actinobacterium with food and probiotic applications. |
| PubMed: | Chemical and instrumental approaches to cheese analysis. |
| PubMed: | Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Lactococcus lactis strains isolated from different ecosystems. |
| PubMed: | Sensometric calibration of sensory characteristics of commercially available milk products with instrumental data. |
| PubMed: | Effect of somatic cell count in goat milk on yield, sensory quality, and fatty acid profile of semisoft cheese. |
| PubMed: | Beta galactosidases and their potential applications: a review. |
| PubMed: | Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of milk from goats supplemented with castor or licuri oil. |
| PubMed: | Effects of milk type and consumer factors on the acceptance of milk among Korean female consumers. |
| PubMed: | Diacetyl and acetoin production from whey permeate using engineered Lactobacillus casei. |
| PubMed: | Stability of Melatonin in an Extemporaneously Compounded Sublingual Solution and Hard Gelatin Capsule. |
| PubMed: | Membrane fractionation processes for removing 90% to 95% of the lactose and sodium from skim milk and for preparing lactose and sodium-reduced skim milk. |
| PubMed: | Microbial and sensory changes throughout the ripening of Prato cheese made from milk with different levels of somatic cells. |
| PubMed: | Fortification of all-purpose wheat-flour tortillas with calcium lactate, calcium carbonate, or calcium citrate is acceptable. |
| PubMed: | Comparative high-density microarray analysis of gene expression during growth of Lactobacillus helveticus in milk versus rich culture medium. |
| PubMed: | Production of yoghurt with mild taste by a Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus mutant with altered proteolytic properties. |
| PubMed: | Sensory evaluation of whey and sweet cream buttermilk. |
| PubMed: | Probiotic cheese production using Lactobacillus casei cells immobilized on fruit pieces. |
| PubMed: | Compositional and functional properties of buttermilk: a comparison between sweet, sour, and whey buttermilk. |
| PubMed: | Influence of condensed sweet cream buttermilk on the manufacture, yield, and functionality of pizza cheese. |
| PubMed: | Impact of ingredient labeling practices on food allergic consumers. |
| PubMed: | Activity of adventitious Enterococcus strains on model curdled caprine milk: microbial growth and evolution of concentration of organic acids and lactose throughout time. |
| PubMed: | Short communication: utilization of sheep's milk cheese whey in the manufacture of an alkylphenol flavor concentrate. |
| PubMed: | Monitoring chemical and physical changes during thermal flavor generation. |
| PubMed: | Citrate metabolism by Enterococcus faecalis FAIR-E 229. |
| PubMed: | Effect of feeding yogurt versus milk in children with acute diarrhea and carbohydrate malabsorption. |
| PubMed: | Probiotic culture survival and implications in fermented frozen yogurt characteristics. |
| PubMed: | Conditioned flavor avoidance, preference, and indifference produced by intragastric infusions of galactose, glucose, and fructose in rats. |
| PubMed: | Galactose consumption induces conditioned flavor avoidance in rats. |
| PubMed: | Effect of ethanol in feed on milk flavor and chemical composition. |
| PubMed: | Production of bioingredients from Kluyveromyces marxianus grown on whey: an alternative. |
| PubMed: | The addition of oat fiber and natural alternative sweeteners in the manufacture of plain yogurt. |
| PubMed: | Flavor and texture characteristics of low fat ground beef patties formulated with whey protein concentrate. |
| PubMed: | Sensory evaluation of oral nutritional supplements: a comparison of patient and dietitian preferences. |
| PubMed: | Manufacture of nonfat yogurt from a high milk protein powder. |
| PubMed: | A review of quality and processing suitability of milk from cows treated with bovine somatotropin. |
| PubMed: | Influence of aflatoxin B1 on gas production by lactic acid bacteria. |
| PubMed: | Glycolysis and related reactions during cheese manufacture and ripening. |
| PubMed: | Congenital and experiential factors in the development of human flavor preferences. |
| PubMed: | Needs assessment of enteral nutrition support products. |
| PubMed: | Calcium absorption and acceptance of low-lactose milk among children with primary lactase deficiency. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of Plasmid Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis: Evidence for Plasmid-Linked Citrate Utilization. |
| PubMed: | Hydrolysis of lactose by immobilized microorganisms. |
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