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Category: preservatives
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00 %
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Flash Point: | 32.00 °F. TCC ( 0.00 °C. ) (est)
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| logP (o/w): | -5.398 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
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| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-bird - wild LD50 > 2250 mg/kg Journal of Toxicology, Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology. Vol. 14, Pg. 3, 1995.
oral-mouse LD50 3573 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX)
BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA
GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS Journal of Toxicology, Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology. Vol. 14, Pg. 3, 1995.
oral-rat LD50 2600 mg/kg Journal of the American College of Toxicology. Vol. 9(2), Pg. 229, 1990.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rabbit LD50 > 2000 mg/kg SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): "DERMATITIS, OTHER: AFTER SYSTEMIC EXPOSURE" Journal of Toxicology, Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology. Vol. 14, Pg. 3, 1995.
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | preservatives |
| Recommendation for diazolidinyl urea usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for diazolidinyl urea flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
References:
| | 1-[1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl]-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)urea |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 78491-02-8 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 62277 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 135019701 |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | diazolidinyl urea USP/NF | | | diazolidinylurea | | | germall 11 | | N-(1,3-bis( | hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)-N,N'-bis(hydroxymethyl)urea | | 1-[1,3-bis( | hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl]-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)urea | | N-[1,3-bis( | hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl]-N,N'-bis(hydroxymethyl)urea | | N-[1,3-bis( | hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo(1,3-diazolidin-4-yl)]-N-(hydroxymethyl)[(h ydroxymethyl)amino]carboxamide | | N-[1,3-bis( | hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo(1,3-diazolidin-4-yl)]-N-(hydroxymethyl)[(hydroxymethyl)amino]carboxamide | | 1-(1,3-bis( | hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl)-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl) urea | | 1-(1,3-bis( | hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl)-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)urea | | 1-[1,3-bis( | hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl]-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)urea | | N-( | hydroxymethyl)-N-(1,3-dihydroxymethyl-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)-N'-(hydroxymethyl)urea | | | urea, diazolidinyl | | | urea, N-(1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)-N,N'-bis(hydroxymethyl)- | | | urea, N-[1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl]-N,N'-bis(hydroxymethyl)- |
Articles:
| PubMed: | The different decomposition properties of diazolidinyl urea in cosmetics and patch test materials. |
| PubMed: | Hydrogel allergic contact dermatitis and imidazolidinyl urea/diazolidinyl urea. |
| PubMed: | Allergic contact dermatitis in health care workers to diazolidinyl urea present in antimicrobial hand gel. |
| PubMed: | Allergic contact dermatitis in a girl due to several cosmetics containing diazolidinyl-urea or imidazolidinyl-urea. |
| PubMed: | Simultaneous measurement of diazolidinyl urea, urea, and allantoin in cosmetic samples by hydrophilic interaction chromatography. |
| PubMed: | Contact allergy to diazolidinyl urea (Germall II). |
| PubMed: | Experimental delayed contact sensitization to diazolidinyl urea (Germall II) in guinea pigs. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of the decomposition of compounds derived from imidazolidinyl urea in cosmetics and patch test materials. |
| PubMed: | Experimental elicitation of contact allergy from a diazolidinyl urea-preserved cream in relation to anatomical region, exposure time and concentration. |
| PubMed: | Acute allergic contact dermatitis from diazolidinyl urea (Germall II) in a hair gel. |
| PubMed: | Trends in patch-test results and allergen changes in the standard series: a Mayo Clinic 5-year retrospective review (January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2010). |
| PubMed: | ROAT: morphology of ROAT on arm, neck and face in formaldehyde and diazolidinyl urea sensitive individuals. |
| PubMed: | Determination of diazolidinyl urea in a topical cream by high-performance liquid chromatography. |
| PubMed: | Diazolidinyl urea: incidence of sensitivity, patterns of cross-reactivity and clinical relevance. |
| PubMed: | Contact sensitivity to diazolidinyl urea (Germall II). |
| PubMed: | Antimicrobial activities of N-chloramines and diazolidinyl urea. |
| PubMed: | Characterization and chemistry of imidazolidinyl urea and diazolidinyl urea. |
| PubMed: | Effects of the formaldehyde releasing preservatives dimethylol urea and diazolidinyl urea in several short-term genotoxicity tests. |
| PubMed: | Standardization of the TRUE Test imidazolidinyl urea and diazolidinyl urea patches. |
| PubMed: | Patch testing with formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasers: multicentre study in Spain (2005-2009). |
| PubMed: | [Allergy to diazolidinyl urea (Germall II) and imidazolidinyl urea (Germall 115)]. |
| PubMed: | Contact sensitization to diazolidinyl urea: report of 3 cases. |
| PubMed: | Low-level efficacy of cosmetic preservatives. |
| PubMed: | Cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity in patients with atopic dermatitis: reactivity to topical preservatives. |
| PubMed: | Patch Testing with Formaldehyde 2.0% in Parallel with 1.0% by the Swedish Contact Dermatitis Research Group. |
| PubMed: | The relevance of 7-day patch test reading. |
| PubMed: | North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch test results: 2009 to 2010. |
| PubMed: | Frequency of positive patch test reactions to preservatives: The Australian experience. |
| PubMed: | North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch test results for 2007-2008. |
| PubMed: | [Contact sensitization to allergens in the Spanish standard series at Hospital Costa del Sol in Marbella, Spain: a retrospective study (2005-2010)]. |
| PubMed: | Positive patch test reactions in older individuals: retrospective analysis from the North American Contact Dermatitis Group, 1994-2008. |
| PubMed: | Formalehyde in personal care products. |
| PubMed: | Non-fragrance allergens in specific cosmetic products. |
| PubMed: | Contact allergy to preservatives. Analysis of IVDK data 1996-2009. |
| PubMed: | Formaldehyde-releasers in cosmetics: relationship to formaldehyde contact allergy. Part 1. Characterization, frequency and relevance of sensitization, and frequency of use in cosmetics. |
| PubMed: | Formaldehyde-releasers in cosmetics: relationship to formaldehyde contact allergy. Part 2. Patch test relationship to formaldehyde contact allergy, experimental provocation tests, amount of formaldehyde released, and assessment of risk to consumers allergic to formaldehyde. |
| PubMed: | Patch testing with preservatives at St John's from 1982 to 1993. |
| PubMed: | Contact hypersensitivity to selected excipients of dermatological topical preparations and cosmetics in patients with chronic eczema. |
| PubMed: | Allergic contact dermatitis to preservatives in topical medicaments. |
| PubMed: | A method for quantification of formaldehyde in the presence of formaldehyde donors in skin-care products. |
| PubMed: | Long-term trend in patch test reactions: a 32-year statistical overview (1970-2002), part II. |
| PubMed: | Contact sensitivity to preservatives in Turkey. |
| PubMed: | The British standard series of contact dermatitis allergens: validation in clinical practice and value for clinical governance. |
| PubMed: | Microbial inhibitors for U.S. EPA drinking water methods for the determination of organic compounds. |
| PubMed: | A review of 79 cases of eyelid dermatitis. |
| PubMed: | Formaldehyde in reusable protective gloves. |
| PubMed: | Evaluation of phototoxic properties of antimicrobials used in topical preparations by a photohaemolysis test. |
| PubMed: | [Contact sensitization to pharmaceutic aids in dermatologic cosmetic and external use preparations]. |
| PubMed: | Considerations necessary in gathering occurrence data for selected unstable compounds in the USEPA Unregulated Contaminant Candidate List in USEPA Method 526. |
| PubMed: | Significance-prevalence index number: a reinterpretation and enhancement of data from the North American contact dermatitis group. |
| PubMed: | Patch testing with preservatives, antimicrobials and industrial biocides. Results from a multicentre study. |
| PubMed: | Influence of formulation on the in vitro transdermal penetration of flutrimazole. |
| PubMed: | Detection of DNA-crosslinking agents with the alkaline comet assay. |
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