Formulations/Preparations: •addition of basic compounds such as ethylenediamine, choline (oxtriphylline), calcium salicylate, sodium glycinate, etc, increased theophylline solubility, probably by increasing ph of solution, but neither increased bioavailability nor decreased adverse effects. addition of alcohol has similar effects .
•parenteral theophylline is available under label of aminophylline usp. this may contain anywhere from 78-85% theophylline it is indicated only for iv and not for im use.
•oxtriphylline, also called choline theophyllinate contains 64% anhydrous theophylline elixir and tablets are available. oxtriphylline
•...sold as cholinophylline magnesium glycinate which contains 43% anhydrous theophylline. theophylline cholinate
•theophylline (anhydrous) is available in powder, capsules, and solution.
•generic. capsules 260 and 300 mg; elixir and solution 26.7 mg5 ml; tablets 100, 200, and 300 mg; accurbron (merrell dow), elixir 50 mg5 ml (alcohol 7.5%); aerolate (fleming), liquid 50 mg5 ml; bronkodyl (winthrop), capsules 100 and 200 mg; elixicon (forest), suspension 100 mg5 ml; elixophyllin (forest), capsules 100 and 200 mg; elixir 26.5 mg5 ml (alcohol 20%); quibron-t (bristol), tablets 300 mg; slo-phyllin (rorer), syrup 26.5 mg5 ml; tablets 100 and 200 mg; somophyllin-t (fisons), capsules 100, 200, and 250 mg; theoclear 80 (central), theostat 80 (laser), syrup 80 mg15 ml. theolair (3m riker). liquid 26.5 mg5 ml; tablets 125 and 250 mg.
•aminophylline formulations vary from 79% to 86% in their equivalence to anhydrous theophylline; oral: dosage is based on theophylline equivalents; generic, liquid 105 mg5 ml; tablets (plain, enteric-coated) 100 and 200 mg; phyllocontin (purdue-fredrick), tablets (prolonged-release) 225 mg (12 hours); somophyllin oral liquid, somophyllin-df (fisons), liquid 105 mg5 ml. rectal: generic, suppositories 250 and 500 mg; somophyllin rectal solution (fisons), solution 300 mg5 ml in 90 and 150 ml containers. aminophylline
•intravenous: theophylline and 5% dextrose (abbott, baxter), 0.4 mgml in 1,000 ml containers, 0.8 mgml in 500 and 1,000 ml containers, 1.6 mgml in 250 and 500 ml containers, 2 mgml in 100 ml containers, and 4 mgml in 50 and 100 containers.
•synophylate (central), elixir (theophylline sodium glycinate) 110 mg (equivalent to 50 mg of base)5 ml (alcohol 20%).
•prolonged-release preparation: generic, capsules 250 and 260 mg (12 hours); tablets 100, 200, and 300 mg (12 hours); aerolate (fleming), capsules 65, 130, and 260 mg (8 to 12 hours); bronkodyl sr (winthrop), capsules 300 mg (12 hours); constant-t (geigy), tablets 200 and 300 mg (8 to 12 hours); duraphyl (forest), tablets 100, 200, and 300 mg (12 hours); elixophyllin sr (forest), capsules 125 and 250 mg (12 hours); quibron-tsr (bristol), tablets 300 mg (12 hours); respbid (boehringer ingelheim), tablets 250 and 500 mg (8 to 12 hours); slo-bid (rorer), capsules 50, 100, 200, and 300 mg (12 hours); slo-phyllin (rorer), capsules 60, 125, ad 250 mg (8 to 12 hours); somophyllin-crt (fisons), capsules 100, 200, 250, and 300 mg (12 hours); sustaire (pfizer), tablets 100 and 300 mg (12 hours); theo-24 (searle), capsules 100, 200, and 300 mg (24 hours); theobid (allen & hansburys), capsules 130 (jr.) and 260 mg (12 hours); theochron (forest), tablets 200 and 300 mg (12 hours); theoclear la (central), capsules 130 and 260 mg (12 hours); theo-dur (schering), tablets 100, 200, 300, and 450 mg (12 to 24 hours); theo-dur-sprinkle (schering,. capsules 50, 75, 125, and 200 mg (12 hours); theolair-sr (3m riker), tablets 200, 250, 300, and 500 mg (8 to 12 hours); theovent (schering). capsules 125 and 250 mg (12 hours); unidur (schering), tablets 400 and 600 mg (24 hours); uniphyl (purdue fredrick), tablets 200 and 400 mg (12 to 24 hours).
•oxtriphylline (theophylline 64% with choline 36%): oral: (dosage is based on theophylline equivalents) generic, elixir 100 mg5 ml; syrup (pediatric) 50 mg5 ml; tablets 100 and 200 mg; choledyl (parke-davis), elixir 100 mg5 ml (alcohol 20%); syrup (pediatric) 50 mg5 ml; tablets 100 and 200 mg; tablets (prolonged-release) 400 and 600 mg (choledyl sa).
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