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Category: natural substances and extractives
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00 %
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Flash Point: | 32.00 °F. TCC ( 0.00 °C. ) (est)
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| Soluble in: |
| | water, 674.2 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
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| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | natural substances and extractives |
| Recommendation for lumichrome usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for lumichrome flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | alloxazine, 7,8-dimethyl- (8CI) | | | benzo(g)pteridine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, 7,8-dimethyl- | | | benzo(g)pteridine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, 7,8-dimethyl- (9CI) | | 7,8- | dimethyl alloxazine | | 7,8- | dimethylalloxazine | | 7,8- | dimethylbenzo(g)pteridine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione | | 7,8- | dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione | | | riboflavin lumichrome |
Articles:
| PubMed: | In Vitro Antibacterial Phenolic Extracts from "Sugarbag" Pot-Honeys of Australian Stingless Bees (Tetragonula carbonaria). |
| PubMed: | The B Vitamins Nicotinamide (B3) and Riboflavin (B2) Stimulate Metamorphosis in Larvae of the Deposit-Feeding Polychaete Capitella teleta: Implications for a Sensory Ligand-Gated Ion Channel. |
| PubMed: | Differentiation of manuka honey from kanuka honey and from jelly bush honey using HS-SPME-GC/MS and UHPLC-PDA-MS/MS. |
| PubMed: | IRMPD spectroscopy of metalated flavins: structure and bonding of M(q+)-lumichrome complexes (M(q+) = Li⁺-Cs⁺, Ag⁺, Mg²⁺). |
| PubMed: | Probing protonation sites of isolated flavins using IR spectroscopy: from lumichrome to the cofactor flavin mononucleotide. |
| PubMed: | Recognition of riboflavin and the capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus influenzae type b by antibodies generated to the haptenic epitope D-ribitol. |
| PubMed: | Alkaloids from the mangrove-derived actinomycete Jishengella endophytica 161111. |
| PubMed: | A rapid fluorescence based method for the quantitative analysis of cell culture media photo-degradation. |
| PubMed: | Cornflower (Centaurea cyanus L.) honey quality parameters: chromatographic fingerprints, chemical biomarkers, antioxidant capacity and others. |
| PubMed: | A new isobenzofuranone from the mangrove endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. (ZH58). |
| PubMed: | Competitive binding of abasic site-binding ligands and masking ligands to DNA duplexes for the analysis of single-base mutation. |
| PubMed: | Floral markers of cornflower (Centaurea cyanus) honey and its peroxide antibacterial activity for an alternative treatment of digital dermatitis. |
| PubMed: | Riboflavin and lumichrome in Dalmatian sage honey and other unifloral honeys determined by LC-DAD technique. |
| PubMed: | Acid-base equilibriums of lumichrome and its 1-methyl, 3-methyl, and 1,3-dimethyl derivatives. |
| PubMed: | Reverse structural genomics: an unusual flavin-binding site in a putative protease from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. |
| PubMed: | The plant growth promoting substance, lumichrome, mimics starch, and ethylene-associated symbiotic responses in lotus and tomato roots. |
| PubMed: | Molecular and functional characterization of riboflavin specific transport system in rat brain capillary endothelial cells. |
| PubMed: | Classification and characterization of manuka honeys based on phenolic compounds and methylglyoxal. |
| PubMed: | Antiprotozoal and antimicrobial compounds from the plant pathogen Septoria pistaciarum. |
| PubMed: | Riboflavin's time-dependent degradation rate induced by ultraviolet A irradiation. |
| PubMed: | The Arabidopsis phi class glutathione transferase AtGSTF2: binding and regulation by biologically active heterocyclic ligands. |
| PubMed: | Metabolomics profiling of cell culture media leading to the identification of riboflavin photosensitized degradation of tryptophan causing slow growth in cell culture. |
| PubMed: | Photosensitized amino acid degradation in the presence of riboflavin and its derivatives. |
| PubMed: | Fluorescence solvatochromism in lumichrome and excited-state tautomerization: a combined experimental and DFT study. |
| PubMed: | Stability and photodynamics of lumichrome structures in water at different pHs and in chemical and biological caging media. |
| PubMed: | Lumichrome complexation by cyclodextrins: influence of pharmaceutical excipients. |
| PubMed: | Lumichrome and phenyllactic acid as chemical markers of thistle (Galactites tomentosa Moench) honey. |
| PubMed: | Absorption and emission spectroscopic characterization of lumichrome in aqueous solutions. |
| PubMed: | Effect of substituents of alloxazine derivatives on the selectivity and affinity for adenine in AP-site-containing DNA duplexes. |
| PubMed: | Bicomponent hydrogels of lumichrome and melamine: photoluminescence property and its dependency on pH and temperature. |
| PubMed: | Photophysical characterisation and photo-cycle dynamics of LOV1-His domain of phototropin from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with roseoflavin monophosphate cofactor. |
| PubMed: | A new cytotoxic trichothecene macrolide from the endophyte Myrothecium roridum. |
| PubMed: | Effect of divalent anions on photodegradation kinetics and pathways of riboflavin in aqueous solution. |
| PubMed: | Absorption and emission spectroscopic characterization of BLUF protein Slr1694 from Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 with roseoflavin cofactor. |
| PubMed: | Calculating solution redox free energies with ab initio quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical minimum free energy path method. |
| PubMed: | Photoirradiation products of flavin derivatives, and the effects of photooxidation on guanine. |
| PubMed: | Dodecin is the key player in flavin homeostasis of archaea. |
| PubMed: | (1)H and (13)C NMR assignments of eight nitrogen containing compounds from Nocardia alba sp.nov (YIM 30243(T)). |
| PubMed: | Competitive binding of small ligands to nucleobases in AP site-containing DNA duplexes. |
| PubMed: | Effect of borate buffer on the photolysis of riboflavin in aqueous solution. |
| PubMed: | The vitamin riboflavin and its derivative lumichrome activate the LasR bacterial quorum-sensing receptor. |
| PubMed: | Toxicity testing of a novel riboflavin-based technology for pathogen reduction and white blood cell inactivation. |
| PubMed: | Femtosecond pump-probe experiments on trapped flavin: optical control of dissociation. |
| PubMed: | Nod factor [Nod Bj V (C(18:1), MeFuc)] and lumichrome enhance photosynthesis and growth of corn and soybean. |
| PubMed: | Electron ionisation and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometric study of a series of isomeric methyl-, dimethyl- and trimethylalloxazines. |
| PubMed: | Early interactions between legumes and rhizobia: disclosing complexity in a molecular dialogue. |
| PubMed: | Penicidones A-C, three cytotoxic alkaloidal metabolites of an endophytic Penicillium sp. |
| PubMed: | Oxygen uptake after electron transfer from amines, amino acids and ascorbic acid to triplet flavins in air-saturated aqueous solution. |
| PubMed: | Nod factor enhances calcium uptake by soybean. |
| PubMed: | Hydrogen-bonded complexes of lumichrome. |
| PubMed: | Photolysis of formylmethylflavin in aqueous and organic solvents. |
| PubMed: | In search of excited-state proton transfer in the lumichrome dimer in the solid state: theoretical and experimental approach. |
| PubMed: | Photosensitizing effect of riboflavin, lumiflavin, and lumichrome on the generation of volatiles in soy milk. |
| PubMed: | Photodynamics of the small BLUF protein BlrB from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. |
| PubMed: | Dodecins: a family of lumichrome binding proteins. |
| PubMed: | Chromatographic study of photolysis of aqueous cyanocobalamin solution in presence of vitamins B and C. |
| PubMed: | Ground- and excited-state double proton transfer in lumichrome/acetic acid system: theoretical and experimental approach. |
| PubMed: | Effects of riboflavin on the phototransformation of benzo[a]pyrene. |
| PubMed: | Effect of light intensity and wavelengths on photodegradation reactions of riboflavin in aqueous solution. |
| PubMed: | Identification and functional characterization of riboflavin transporter in human-derived retinoblastoma cell line (Y-79): mechanisms of cellular uptake and translocation. |
| PubMed: | Mechanism of riboflavin uptake by cultured human retinal pigment epithelial ARPE-19 cells: possible regulation by an intracellular Ca2+-calmodulin-mediated pathway. |
| PubMed: | Retymicin, galtamycin B, saquayamycin Z and ribofuranosyllumichrome, novel secondary metabolites from Micromonospora sp. Tü 6368. II. Structure elucidation. |
| PubMed: | Retymicin, galtamycin B, saquayamycin Z and ribofuranosyllumichrome, novel secondary metabolites from Micromonospora sp. Tü 6368. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological activities. |
| PubMed: | The rhizosphere signal molecule lumichrome alters seedling development in both legumes and cereals. |
| PubMed: | Xylem transport and shoot accumulation of lumichrome, a newly recognized rhizobial signal, alters root respiration, stomatal conductance, leaf transpiration and photosynthetic rates in legumes and cereals. |
| PubMed: | Effect of phosphate buffer on photodegradation reactions of riboflavin in aqueous solution. |
| PubMed: | Separation, identification and quantification of riboflavin and its photoproducts in blood products using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection: a method to support pathogen reduction technology. |
| PubMed: | Pathogen reduction of buffy coat platelet concentrates using riboflavin and light: comparisons with pathogen-reduction technology-treated apheresis platelet products. |
| PubMed: | Photolysis of riboflavin in aqueous solution: a kinetic study. |
| PubMed: | A study of simultaneous photolysis and photoaddition reactions of riboflavin in aqueous solution. |
| PubMed: | Kinetic mechanism and quaternary structure of Aminobacter aminovorans NADH:flavin oxidoreductase: an unusual flavin reductase with bound flavin. |
| PubMed: | Effects of riboflavin photoproducts on microbial activity during photosensitization of atrazine transformation. |
| PubMed: | Comparison of the voltammetric studies at mercury and glassy carbon electrodes for the interaction of lumichrome with DNA and analytical applications. |
| PubMed: | Pathogen inactivation of blood components: current status and introduction of an approach using riboflavin as a photosensitizer. |
| PubMed: | Photophysical properties of lumichromes in water. |
| PubMed: | Structure of human biliverdin IXbeta reductase, an early fetal bilirubin IXbeta producing enzyme. |
| PubMed: | The riboflavin-mediated photooxidation of doxorubicin. |
| PubMed: | Riboflavin transport by isolated perfused rabbit renal proximal tubules. |
| PubMed: | Proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells increases riboflavin influx. |
| PubMed: | Analysis of initial fouling process in coastal environment: effects of settlement, attachment, and metamorphosis promoters. |
| PubMed: | The flavin coenzymes: a new class of group I intron inhibitors. |
| PubMed: | Riboflavin uptake by human-derived colonic epithelial NCM460 cells. |
| PubMed: | Initial-rate kinetics of the flavin reductase reaction catalysed by human biliverdin-IXbeta reductase (BVR-B). |
| PubMed: | Identification of lumichrome as a sinorhizobium enhancer of alfalfa root respiration and shoot growth. |
| PubMed: | Lumichrome. A larval metamorphosis-inducing substance in the ascidian Hhalocynthia roretzi. |
| PubMed: | [Marine natural products influencing larval settlement and metamorphosis of marine sessile organisms]. |
| PubMed: | Light regime, riboflavin, and pH effects on 2,4-D photodegradation in water. |
| PubMed: | Riboflavin transport by rabbit renal basolateral membrane vesicles. |
| PubMed: | Riboflavin uptake by the human-derived liver cells Hep G2: mechanism and regulation. |
| PubMed: | Radical oxidation of riboflavin. |
| PubMed: | Riboflavin transport by rabbit renal brush border membrane vesicles. |
| PubMed: | Is the NAD(P)H:flavin oxidoreductase from Escherichia coli a member of the ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase family?. Evidence for the catalytic role of serine 49 residue. |
| PubMed: | The mechanism and substrate specificity of the NADPH:flavin oxidoreductase from Escherichia coli. |
| PubMed: | Riboflavin uptake by rat liver basolateral membrane vesicles. |
| PubMed: | Riboflavin uptake by native Xenopus laevis oocytes. |
| PubMed: | Stereospecificity of hydride transfer and substrate specificity for FMN-containing NAD(P)H-flavin oxidoreductase from the luminescent bacterium, Vibrio fischeri ATCC 7744. |
| PubMed: | Protective effects of riboflavin and its derivatives against ischemic reperfused damage of rat heart. |
| PubMed: | Specificity of riboflavin molecular groups for riboflavin binding to rat small intestinal brush border membrane. |
| PubMed: | Mechanism of riboflavine uptake by Caco-2 human intestinal epithelial cells. |
| PubMed: | Uptake of riboflavin by intestinal basolateral membrane vesicles: a specialized carrier-mediated process. |
| PubMed: | Mechanism of transport of riboflavin in rabbit intestinal brush border membrane vesicles. |
| PubMed: | Oxidation of 1,1-diphenylhydrazine to N-nitrosodiphenylamine by superoxide radical in the eye. |
| PubMed: | Separation, identification and determination of lumichrome in swine feed and kidney. |
| PubMed: | Spectrophotometric assay of formylmethylflavin and photoproduct-lumichrome in organic solvents. |
| PubMed: | Effect of solvent on UV and visible spectra of formylmethylflavin and photoproducts. |
| PubMed: | Multicomponent spectrophotometric assay of riboflavine and photoproducts. |
| PubMed: | Ultraviolet radiation-induced photodegradation and 1O2, O2-. production by riboflavin, lumichrome and lumiflavin. |
| PubMed: | Intestinal absorption of riboflavin, studied by an in situ circulation system using radioactive analogues. |
| PubMed: | Riboflavin status and photo-induced riboflavin binding to the proteins of the rat ocular lens. |
| PubMed: | Possible involvement of lumichrome in the binding of storage protein to its receptor in Sarcophaga peregrina. |
| PubMed: | Clarification and quantitation of primary (tissue) and secondary (microbial) catabolites of riboflavin that are excreted in mammalian (rat) urine. |
| PubMed: | Photodegradation of sulfa drugs by fluorescent light. |
| PubMed: | Variations in riboflavin binding by human plasma: identification of immunoglobulins as the major proteins responsible. |
| PubMed: | Urinary lumichrome-level catabolites of riboflavin are due to microbial and photochemical events and not rat tissue enzymatic cleavage of the ribityl chain. |
| PubMed: | Studies on the 4-carbon compound needed for the formation of the O-xylene ring of riboflavin. |
| PubMed: | A metabolite of riboflavin binds to the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) receptor. |
| PubMed: | Reduction of lumichrome by the radical anions of CO2 and lipoamide. |
| PubMed: | Occurrence of riboflavinyl glucoside in rat urine. |
| PubMed: | New metabolites of riboflavin appeared in rat urine. |
| PubMed: | Reduction, oxidation, and addition reactions between free radicals and flavins. |
| PubMed: | Purification of phytochrome by Affi-Gel Blue chromatography; an effect of lumichrome on purified phytochrome. |
| PubMed: | An efficient bacterial bioluminescence with reduced lumichrome. |
| PubMed: | Lumiflavin and lumichrome transport in the central nervous system. |
| PubMed: | Riboflavin transport in the central nervous system. Characterization and effects of drugs. |
| PubMed: | [Operon study of riboflavin biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis. XII. The determination of the ATP:riboflavin-5'-phosphotransferase and riboflavinsynthetase content in the cells with varying genotypes]. |
| PubMed: | 15N nuclear magnetic resonance of flavins. |
| PubMed: | Photochemical hydroxylation of 7,8-dimethylalloxazine (lumichrome)--a flash photolysis study. |
| PubMed: | Intramolecular addition of the riboflavin side chain. Anion-catalyzed neutral photochemistry. |
| PubMed: | An anomalous effect of the intermediate products of riboflavine photolysis on the intestinal absorption of poorly absorbed water-solbule drug in rats. |
| PubMed: | [Operon of riboflavin synthesis in Bacillus subtilis. IX. Preparation and properties of lumiflavin- or lumichrome-resistant mutants]. |
| PubMed: | Photoconversion of riboflavin to lumichrome in plant tissues. |
| PubMed: | Microspectrophotometry and the photoreceptor of Phycomyces I. |
| PubMed: | The precursors of the xylene ring in riboflavine. |
| PubMed: | Absorption spectra of riboflavin, lumiflavin, and lumichrome in organic solvents. |
| PubMed: | Microbiological Aspects of Riboflavin: I. Introduction. II. Bacterial Oxidation of Riboflavin to Lumichrome. |
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