Articles:
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gamma-aminobutyrolactam
Notes:
Present in red ginseng
2-Pyrrolidone (2-Pyrrolidinone,2-Pyrol) is an organic compound consisting of a five-membered lactam. It is a colorless liquid which is used in industrial settings as a high-boiling non-corrosive polar solvent for a wide variety of applications. It is miscible with a wide variety of other solvents including water, ethanol, diethyl ether, chloroform, benzene, ethyl acetate and carbon disulfide.; 2-Pyrrolidone is an intermediate in the manufacture of polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone and polypyrrolidone.; Pyrrolidinone is a lactam cyclization product of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). (PMID 10332870); Vigabatrin (VGB, an antiepileptic drug) increases human brain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the related metabolites, including 2-pyrrolidinone. Patients taking VGB are expected to have an increase of these metabolites. (PMID 10403220, 10840398); 2-Pyrrolidone is an organic compound consisting of a five-membered lactam. It is a colorless liquid which is used in industrial settings as a high-boiling non-corrosive polar solvent for a wide variety of applications. It is miscible with a wide variety of other solvents including water, ethanol, diethyl ether, chloroform, benzene, ethyl acetate and carbon disulfide. -- Wikipedia
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Glentham Life Sciences Ltd The Chemical, Biochemical & Research Essentials Supplier Glentham Life Sciences is a supplier of fine chemicals and raw materials with warehousing, laboratories and packaging facilities in the UK. With a Glentham Life Sciences account you can view more product details, request quotes and order products online. Email: Info Email: Sales Email: Tech Support Voice: +44 (0) 1225 667798 Fax: +44 (0) 2033 978909 Facebook Twitter Linkedin Google+ News Distribution Products List: View Product(s): GK6992 2-Pyrrolidinone
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OQEMA With a focus on providing the highest level of service OQEMA has established itself at the forefront of the global chemical industry. The guiding principles of OQEMA have always been to establish long term relationships with customers and suppliers alike to build sustainable and profitable business for all parties. Through OQEMA’s business divisions the company tailors products and services to better support and service our customers requirements. This structure also allows the company to focus its marketing campaigns more effectively to certain industries. Over the last decade OQEMA has achieved strong growth as a result of the expansion of our business model. Going forward, the company will be expanding this business model into existing and new strategic territories. Email: Contact Us: US Email: Dean Matienzo Email: Sales US Email: Dean Matienzo - Sales Manager Voice: +44 1993 843081 Fax: +44 1993 841261 US Voice: +1 973 886 3778 US Fax: +1 973 346 1106 Linkedin Website Global Distribution Product(s): 2-Pyrrolidone
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Penta International Corporation Chemistry innovation At Penta, our products and services help businesses do business better. For over 30 years, Penta Manufacturing Company has played a growing role in worldwide chemistry innovations and applications. As an industry leader, Penta continues to pioneer chemistry-based solutions for practically every area of commerce. Our products and expertise have helped fuel technical advances in dozens of commercial applications including flavoring, coloring, fragrances and chemical processes. US Email: Technical Services US Email: Sales US Voice: (973) 740-2300 US Fax: (973) 740-1839 Product(s): 16-92900 2-PYRROLIDINONE
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Sigma-Aldrich Complete Supply Chain The perfect blend of products and services that bring your creativity to life. Sigma-Aldrich is a leading Life Science and High Technology company dedicated to providing high-quality, safe and certified flavor ingredients with transparent and easily accessible documentation to customers around the globe. Sigma-Aldrich also provides a suite of analytical tools that allow food analysts to simplify sample preparation, cleanup and analysis steps, while increasing sensitivity to trace ingredients and harmful substances to meet regulations and quality standards. Email: Information US Email: Sales US Voice: 800-244-1173 US Fax: 800-368-4661 Facebook Twitter Instagram Linkedin Flavors and Fragrances Analysis FandF Newsletter Subscription Flavors and Fragrances Learning Center Certified Food Grade Products Product(s): W482900 2-Pyrrolidinone, 99% SDS
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TCI AMERICA Moving Your Chemistry Forward We continuously strive to advance our technology. With East & West Coast distribution centers, count on TCI to deliver products quickly and reliably. Over 30,000 Reagents available today in benchtop to bulk quantities. We also offer custom synthesis solutions. Sign up for a TCI account today for fast and free shipping! Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (TCI) is a leading worldwide manufacturer of specialty organic chemicals founded in 1946. TCI provides organic laboratory chemicals as well as pharmaceutical, cosmetic and functional materials. More than 70 years of synthesis experience and multi-purpose plants enable TCI to offer more than 30,000 products as well as custom synthesis. US Email: Sales Email: Technical Support Voice: 1-800-423-8616 Fax: 1- 888-520-1075 Facebook Twitter Instagram Linkedin Product(s): P0575 2-Pyrrolidinone >98.0%(GC)
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| CAS Number: | 616-45-5 |  3D/inchi
|
| ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg: | 210-483-1 | |
| FDA UNII: | KKL5D39EOL | |
| Nikkaji Web: | J1.663B | |
| Beilstein Number: | 105241 | |
| MDL: | MFCD00005270 | |
| XlogP3-AA: | -0.80 (est) | |
| Molecular Weight: | 85.10599000 | |
| Formula: | C4 H7 N O | |
| NMR Predictor: | Predict (works with chrome or firefox) | |
Category: flavoring agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
| Google Scholar: | Search |
| Google Books: | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "volatile" | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "flavor" | Search |
| Google Scholar: with word "odor" | Search |
| Google Patents: | Search |
| US Patents: | Search |
| EU Patents: | Search |
| Pubchem Patents: | Search |
| PubMed: | Search |
| NCBI: | Search |
| FEMA Number: | 4829 2-pyrrolidone |
| FDA: | No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances |
Physical Properties:
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00 % |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Specific Gravity: | 1.12000 @ 25.00 °C. |
| Flash Point: | > 230.00 °F. TCC ( > 110.00 °C. ) |
| Soluble in: | |
| water, 1.00E+06 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp) | |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). | |
Cosmetic Information:
| None found |
Suppliers:
| EMD Millipore |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2-Pyrrolidinone |
| Glentham Life Sciences |
| 2-Pyrrolidinone |
| OQEMA |
| 2-Pyrrolidone |
| Penta International |
| 2-PYRROLIDINONE |
| Santa Cruz Biotechnology |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2-Pyrrolidinone ≥99% |
| Sigma-Aldrich |
| 2-Pyrrolidinone, 99% |
| Certified Food Grade Products |
| Sigma-Aldrich: Aldrich |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2-Pyrrolidinone ≥99% |
| Taminco (Eastman) |
| 2-pyrrolidinone |
| TCI AMERICA |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| 2-Pyrrolidinone >98.0%(GC) |
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View | |
| Hazards identification | |
| Classification of the substance or mixture | |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) | |
| None found. | |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements | |
| Pictogram | |
| Hazard statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| None found. | |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
| Dermal Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
| Inhalation Toxicity: | |
| Not determined | |
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | flavoring agents | ||
| Recommendation for 2-pyrrolidone usage levels up to: | |||
| not for fragrance use. | |||
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). | |||
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library | |||
| publication number: 28 | |||
| Click here to view publication 28 | |||
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm | ||
| baked goods: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| beverages(alcoholic): | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| breakfast cereal: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| cheese: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| chewing gum: | 50.00000 | 200.00000 | |
| condiments / relishes: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| confectionery froastings: | 10.00000 | 40.00000 | |
| egg products: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| fats / oils: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| fish products: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| frozen dairy: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| fruit ices: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| gelatins / puddings: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| granulated sugar: | 40.00000 | 160.00000 | |
| gravies: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| hard candy: | 10.00000 | 40.00000 | |
| imitation dairy: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| instant coffee / tea: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| jams / jellies: | 10.00000 | 40.00000 | |
| meat products: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| milk products: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| nut products: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| other grains: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| poultry: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| processed fruits: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| processed vegetables: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| reconstituted vegetables: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| seasonings / flavors: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| snack foods: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| soft candy: | 10.00000 | 40.00000 | |
| soups: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
| sugar substitutes: | 10.00000 | 40.00000 | |
| sweet sauces: | 5.00000 | 20.00000 | |
Safety References:
| EPI System: | View |
| NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards: | search |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 616-45-5 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 12025 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WGK Germany: | 1 |
| pyrrolidin-2-one | |
| Chemidplus: | 0000616455 |
| RTECS: | 616-45-5 |
References:
| pyrrolidin-2-one | |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 616-45-5 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 12025 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134977871 |
Other Information:
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C11118 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB02039 |
| FooDB: | FDB000741 |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2933.79.8500 |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
Potential Blenders and core components note
| None Found | ||
Potential Uses:
| None Found |
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
| beer Search PMC Picture | |
| bread wheat bread Search PMC Picture | |
| cocoa Search Trop Picture | |
| malt | |
| rice Search Trop Picture | |
| taro Search Trop Picture | |
| whiskey Search Picture | |
| wine Search Picture |
Synonyms:
| pyrrolidin-2-one | |
| tetrahydropyrrolone | |
| 2- | pyrrolidinone |
| alpha- | pyrrolidone |
| gamma- | aminobutyrolactam |
| butyrolactam |