hydrofluorocarbon 152A
1,1-difluoroethane
 
Notes:
None found
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CAS Number: 75-37-6Picture of molecule3D/inchi
Other(deleted CASRN): 71281-71-5
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg: 200-866-1
FDA UNII: 0B1U8K2ME0
Nikkaji Web: J2.819C
Beilstein Number: 1696900
MDL: MFCD00000449
XlogP3-AA: 1.40 (est)
Molecular Weight: 66.05068640
Formula: C2 H4 F2
BioActivity Summary: listing
NMR Predictor: Predict (works with chrome or firefox)
Category: propellants, aerating agents, and gas
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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DG SANTE Food Contact Materials: 1,1-difluoroethane
FDA Mainterm (IAUFC):75-37-6 ; 1,1-DIFLUOROETHANE
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Physical Properties:
Appearance: colorless gas (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00 % 
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: -117.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Boiling Point: -24.70 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Vapor Pressure: 4550.000000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Vapor Density: 2.3 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: -80.00 °F. TCC ( -62.00 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 0.750
Soluble in:
 water, 3200 mg/L @ 21C (exp)
 water, 5656 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
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Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
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Cosmetic Information:
CosIng: cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: propellants
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Suppliers:
Sigma-Aldrich: Aldrich
For experimental / research use only.
1,1-Difluoroethane ≥98%
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Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LDLo  > 1500 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0530083

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
inhalation-mouse LC50 977000 mg/m3/2H
"Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982Vol. -, Pg. 54, 1982.

inhalation-rat LCLo 64000 ppm/4H
Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 31, Pg. 343, 1949.

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Safety in Use Information:
Category: propellants, aerating agents, and gas
Recommendation for hydrofluorocarbon 152A usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for hydrofluorocarbon 152A flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
EPI System: View
EPA-Iris: IRIS
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: Search
AIDS Citations: Search
Cancer Citations: Search
Toxicology Citations: Search
EPA GENetic TOXicology: Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): 75-37-6
EPA ACToR: Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : 6368
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
WGK Germany: 1
 1,1-difluoroethane
Chemidplus: 0000075376
EPA/NOAA CAMEO: hazardous materials
RTECS: KI1410000 for cas# 75-37-6
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References:
 1,1-difluoroethane
NIST Chemistry WebBook: Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List: 75-37-6
Pubchem (cid): 6368
Pubchem (sid): 134970897
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Other Information:
(IUPAC): Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos: The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc: Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC): Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances:View
CHEMBL: View
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): Search
Export Tariff Code: 2903.30.2010
ChemSpider: View
Wikipedia: View
Formulations/Preparations:
•grade: technical, 98% •af 152a •algofrene type 67 •dymel 152a •forane 152a •formacel z2 •genetron 100 •genetron 152a •isceon 152a •merforex 152a •liquefied gas •solkane 152a
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Potential Blenders and core components note
 
None Found
 
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Potential Uses:
 propellants 
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 not found in nature
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Synonyms:
 algofrene type 67
1,1-difluoroethane
 dymel 152
 dymel 152A
 ethane, 1,1-difluoro-
 ethylene fluoride
 ethylidene difluoride
 ethylidene fluoride
 FC 152A
 fluorocarbon 152A
 freon 152A
 genetron 100
 genetron 152A
 halocarbon 152A
 HFC 152A
 HFC-152A
 HSDB 5205
 R 152A
 refrigerant 152A
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Articles:
PubMed: Blood and exhaled air can be used for biomonitoring of hydrofluorocarbon exposure.
PubMed: Identification of volatiles by headspace gas chromatography with simultaneous flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection.
PubMed: [In-situ measurement of background atmospheric HCFC-142b using GC-MS and GC-ECD method].
PubMed: Evaluation of left ventricular function by bedside ultrasound in acute toxic myocarditis.
PubMed: Greenhouse gas emissions for refrigerant choices in room air conditioner units.
PubMed: Deaths involving 1,1-difluoroethane at the San Diego County Medical Examiner's Office.
PubMed: Triboelectricity: macroscopic charge patterns formed by self-arraying ions on polymer surfaces.
PubMed: Dusting right under our nose: difluoroethane abuse in the emergency department.
PubMed: Uptake and disposition of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) in humans.
PubMed: Ethanol analysis by headspace gas chromatography with simultaneous flame-ionization and mass spectrometry detection.
PubMed: Inhalant abuse of computer cleaner manifested as angioedema.
PubMed: On the temperature dependence of flammability limits of gases.
PubMed: Sudden death involving inhalation of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) with spray cleaner: three case reports.
PubMed: Uptake and distribution of the abused inhalant 1,1-difluoroethane in the rat.
PubMed: Reproductive and developmental toxicity of hydrofluorocarbons used as refrigerants.
PubMed: Liquid-air partition coefficients of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC152a), 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC143a), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC134a), 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane (HFC125) and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC245fa).
PubMed: Comparison of gas-solid chromatography and MM2 force field molecular binding energies for greenhouse gases on a carbonaceous surface.
PubMed: A validated method for the quantitation of 1,1-difluoroethane using a gas in equilibrium method of calibration.
PubMed: Inhalant abuse of 1,1-difluoroethane (DFE) leading to heterotopic ossification: a case report.
PubMed: Burning velocity measurements of nitrogen-containing compounds.
PubMed: A study on flammability limits of fuel mixtures.
PubMed: Hydrofluoric acid burn in a child from a compressed air duster.
PubMed: Shock tube study of dissociation and relaxation in 1,1-difluoroethane and vinyl fluoride.
PubMed: A motor vehicle accident fatality involving the inhalation of 1,1-difluoroethane.
PubMed: Anomalous sorption of supercritical fluids on polymer thin films.
PubMed: Ground and excited state dissociation dynamics of ionized 1,1-difluoroethene.
PubMed: Extended Le Chatelier's formula for carbon dioxide dilution effect on flammability limits.
PubMed: An investigation of the structure and bond rotational potential of some fluorinated ethanes by NMR spectroscopy of solutions in nematic liquid crystalline solvents.
PubMed: Fatal cardiac arrhythmia after repeated exposure to 1,1-difluoroethane (DFE).
PubMed: Headspace gas chromatographic method for the measurement of difluoroethane in blood.
PubMed: An atmospheric pressure chemical ionization study of the positive and negative ion chemistry of the hydrofluorocarbons 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) and of perfluoro-n-hexane (FC-72) in air plasma at atmospheric pressure.
PubMed: Sudden death caused by 1,1-difluoroethane inhalation.
PubMed: Hydrofluoric acid burn resulting from ignition of gas from a compressed air duster.
PubMed: Combined ab initio/empirical approach for optimization of Lennard-Jones parameters for polar-neutral compounds.
PubMed: Chlorodifluoroacetic acid fate and toxicity to the macrophytes Lemna gibba, Myriophyllum spicatum, and Myriophyllum sibiricum in aquatic microcosms.
PubMed: Oral frostbite injury from intentional abuse of a fluorinated hydrocarbon.
PubMed: Microwave Spectrum, Structure, and Nuclear Quadrupole Coupling Constants of 1-Bromo-1-fluoroethane.
PubMed: Two traffic fatalities related to the use of difluoroethane.
PubMed: Theoretical evaluation of two plausible routes for bioactivation of S-(1,1-difluoro-2,2-dihaloethyl)-L-cysteine conjugates: thiirane vs thionoacyl fluoride pathway.
PubMed: Human reductive halothane metabolism in vitro is catalyzed by cytochrome P450 2A6 and 3A4.
PubMed: Fluoroacetate-mediated toxicity of fluorinated ethanes.
PubMed: NTP Renal Toxicity Studies of Selected Halogenated Ethanes Administered by Gavage to F344/N Rats.
PubMed: Metabolism of 1-fluoro-1,1,2-trichloroethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane, and 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane.
PubMed: Improved method for mutagenicity testing of gaseous compounds by using a gas sampling bag.
PubMed: Slow-binding inhibition of carboxylesterase and other serine hydrolases by chlorodifluoroacetaldehyde.
PubMed: Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of selected halon replacement candidates.
PubMed: Dominant role of cytochrome P-450 2E1 in human hepatic microsomal oxidation of the CFC-substitute 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane.
PubMed: Metabolism and toxicity of hydrochlorofluorocarbons: current knowledge and needs for the future.
PubMed: Metabolism of the hydrochlorofluorocarbon 1,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane.
PubMed: Metabolism of 2-chloro-1,1-difluoroethene to glyoxylic and glycolic acid in rat hepatic microsomes.
PubMed: A case of an accidental exposure to a veterinary insecticide product formulation.
PubMed: Toxicological evaluation of hydrochlorofluorocarbon 142b.
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