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Category: nutrient supplements
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Assay: | 98.00 to 100.00 %
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Boiling Point: | 516.00 to 517.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
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| Flash Point: | 400.00 °F. TCC ( 204.70 °C. ) (est)
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| logP (o/w): | 10.724 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, 1.069e-006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
| Insoluble in: |
| | water |
Organoleptic Properties:
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| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | nutrient supplements |
| Recommendation for beta-tocopherol usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for beta-tocopherol flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Opinion on mixed tocopherols, tocotrienol tocopherol and tocotrienols as sources for vitamin E added as a nutritional substance in food supplements[1] - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing aids and Materials in Contact with food (AFC) View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: | View |
| AIDS Citations: | Search |
| Cancer Citations: | Search |
| Toxicology Citations: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 148-03-8 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary : | 8989 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WGK Germany: | 3 |
| | (2R)-2,5,8-trimethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-ol |
| Chemidplus: | 0000148038 |
References:
| | (2R)-2,5,8-trimethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-ol |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 148-03-8 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 8989 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134975264 |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| 2H-1- | benzopyran-6-ol, 3,4-dihydro-2,5,8-trimethyl-2-((4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-, (2R)-rel- | | 2H-1- | benzopyran-6-ol, 3,4-dihydro-2,5,8-trimethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)- | | 3,4- | dihydro-2,5,8-trimethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-benzopyran-6-ol | | (2R)-2,5,8- | trimethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-ol |
Articles:
| PubMed: | Final report on the safety assessment of Tocopherol, Tocopheryl Acetate, Tocopheryl Linoleate, Tocopheryl Linoleate/Oleate, Tocopheryl Nicotinate, Tocopheryl Succinate, Dioleyl Tocopheryl Methylsilanol, Potassium Ascorbyl Tocopheryl Phosphate, and Tocophersolan. |
| PubMed: | Nutritional value, chemical composition, antioxidant activity and enrichment of cream cheese with chestnut mushroom Agrocybe aegerita (Brig.) Sing. |
| PubMed: | Subcritical extraction of flaxseed oil with n-propane: Composition and purity. |
| PubMed: | Antioxidant activities of tocopherols/tocotrienols and lipophilic antioxidant capacity of wheat, vegetable oils, milk and milk cream by using photochemiluminescence. |
| PubMed: | Influence of deficit irrigation strategies on fatty acid and tocopherol concentration of almond (Prunus dulcis). |
| PubMed: | Tocochromanols and carotenoids in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.): diversity and stability to the heat treatment. |
| PubMed: | Unique variability of tocopherol composition in various seed oils recovered from by-products of apple industry: rapid and simple determination of all four homologues (α, β, γ and δ) by RP-HPLC/FLD. |
| PubMed: | Fatty acid composition and tocopherol profiles of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed oils. |
| PubMed: | Peripheral blood mononuclear cell-based metabolomic profiling of a chronic unpredictable mild stress rat model of depression. |
| PubMed: | Olive oil pilot-production assisted by pulsed electric field: impact on extraction yield, chemical parameters and sensory properties. |
| PubMed: | Tocopherol and tocotrienol contents of different varieties of rice in Malaysia. |
| PubMed: | Both genetic and dietary factors underlie individual differences in DNA damage levels and DNA repair capacity. |
| PubMed: | Total phenolic compounds and tocopherols profiles of seven olive oil varieties grown in the south-west of Spain. |
| PubMed: | [Further chemical investigation of leaves of Aquilaria Sinensis]. |
| PubMed: | Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Bauhinia purpurea Leaves Under In Vitro Conditions. |
| PubMed: | Influence of sunflower oil qualities and antioxidants on oxidative stability on whey-based salad dressings. |
| PubMed: | The fatty acid and tocopherol constituents of the seed oil extracted from 21 grape varieties (Vitis spp.). |
| PubMed: | Chemical composition and molecular speciation of the triacylglycerol of the oils of Lonchocarpus sericeus and Lonchocarpus cyanescens. |
| PubMed: | Nutritional composition of Zizyphus lotus L. seeds. |
| PubMed: | In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity cycloart-23-ene-3β,-25-diol (B2) isolated from Pongamia pinnata (L. Pierre). |
| PubMed: | γ-Tocopherol methyltransferase from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: functional characterization and expression analysis. |
| PubMed: | Determination of tocopherol contents of some olive varieties harvested at different ripening periods. |
| PubMed: | Legumes are valuable sources of tocopherols. |
| PubMed: | Supercritical CO₂extraction of oleoresin from marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) flowers and determination of its antioxidant components with online HPLC-ABTS(·+) assay. |
| PubMed: | Contribution of pollinator-mediated crops to nutrients in the human food supply. |
| PubMed: | The effect of β-carotene on lumbar osteophyte formation. |
| PubMed: | Comparative study of lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants from in vivo and in vitro grown Coriandrum sativum. |
| PubMed: | Intake of antioxidants and risk of type 2 diabetes in a cohort of male smokers. |
| PubMed: | Chromatographic techniques for the determination of alkyl-phenols, tocopherols and other minor polar compounds in raw and roasted cold pressed cashew nut oils. |
| PubMed: | Plasma micronutrients and the acquisition and clearance of anal human papillomavirus infection: the Hawaii HPV cohort study. |
| PubMed: | Temperature dependence of autoxidation of perilla oil and tocopherol degradation. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of a potential nutraceutical ingredient: pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seed oil unsaponifiable fraction. |
| PubMed: | The comparison of black currant juice and vitamin E for the prevention of oxidative stress. |
| PubMed: | Vitamin E and Hippophea rhamnoides L. extract reduce nicotine-induced oxidative stress in rat heart. |
| PubMed: | High plasma levels of vitamin E forms and reduced Alzheimer's disease risk in advanced age. |
| PubMed: | Influence of the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR on tocopherol in Alfalfa seedlings (Medicago sativa). |
| PubMed: | Implications for degenerative disorders: antioxidative activity, total phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, beta-carotene and beta-tocopherol in Aloe vera. |
| PubMed: | alpha-Tocopherol enhances degranulation in RBL-2H3 mast cells. |
| PubMed: | Oxidative stress and longevity in okinawa: an investigation of blood lipid peroxidation and tocopherol in okinawan centenarians. |
| PubMed: | Compound 48/80 causes oxidative stress in the adrenal gland of rats through mast cell degranulation. |
| PubMed: | Investigation of liquid wax components of Egyptian jojoba seeds. |
| PubMed: | Degradation of tocopherols in rice bran oil submitted to heating at different temperatures. |
| PubMed: | Replacement of alpha-tocopherol by beta-tocopherol enhances resistance to photooxidative stress in a xanthophyll-deficient strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. |
| PubMed: | Dietary beta-tocopherol and serum concentrations of sex hormone-binding globulin. |
| PubMed: | Antioxidants and periodontitis in 60-70-year-old men. |
| PubMed: | Comparison of the inhibitory effects of vitamin E analogues on melanogenesis in mouse B16 melanoma cells. |
| PubMed: | Alpha-tocopherol: looking beyond an antioxidant. |
| PubMed: | Dietary beta-tocopherol and linoleic acid, serum insulin, and waist circumference predict circulating sex hormone-binding globulin in premenopausal women. |
| PubMed: | Bioaccessibility of Carotenoids and Tocopherols in Marine Microalgae, Nannochloropsis sp. and Chaetoceros sp. |
| PubMed: | Long-chain carboxychromanols, metabolites of vitamin E, are potent inhibitors of cyclooxygenases. |
| PubMed: | Dietary marine-derived tocopherol has a higher biological availability in mice relative to alpha-tocopherol. |
| PubMed: | Distribution of alpha-, gamma (+beta)- and delta-tocopherol in the seminal plasma, spermatozoa and seminal vesicles of rabbit. |
| PubMed: | Separation of alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-tocopherols and alpha-tocopherol acetate on a pentaerythritol diacrylate monostearate-ethylene dimethacrylate monolith by capillary electrochromatography. |
| PubMed: | Dietary alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-tocopherols in lung cancer risk. |
| PubMed: | Tocopherol metabolism, oxidation and recycling under high light stress in Arabidopsis. |
| PubMed: | Genetic possibilities for altering sunflower oil quality to obtain novel oils. |
| PubMed: | In vivo gamma-tocopherol supplementation decreases systemic oxidative stress and cytokine responses of human monocytes in normal and asthmatic subjects. |
| PubMed: | Enhanced anti-proliferative effects of combinatorial treatment of delta-tocopherol and resveratrol in human HMC-1 cells. |
| PubMed: | Brain tumor and role of beta-carotene, a-tocopherol, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. |
| PubMed: | Risk factors for isolated biliary atresia, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2002. |
| PubMed: | Antibacterial constituents from Stemona sessilifolia. |
| PubMed: | Comprehensive analysis of vitamin E constituents in human plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed: | [Vitamin E inhibits homocysteine-mediated smooth muscle cell proliferation]. |
| PubMed: | Antioxidative stress response of Lepidium sativum due to exposure to cyanobacterial secondary metabolites. |
| PubMed: | A pharmacological action of vitamin E unrelated to its antioxidant capacity. |
| PubMed: | Increased alpha-tocopherol content in soybean seed overexpressing the Perilla frutescens gamma-tocopherol methyltransferase gene. |
| PubMed: | Ty3/gypsy-like retrotransposon knockout of a 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinone methyltransferase is non-lethal, uncovers a cryptic paralogous mutation, and produces novel tocopherol (vitamin E) profiles in sunflower. |
| PubMed: | Significant differences in the electrochemical behavior of the alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherols (vitamin E). |
| PubMed: | Vitamin E composition of walnuts (Juglans regia L.): a 3-year comparative study of different cultivars. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of monochloramine toxicity on PC12 cells and protective effect of tocopherol via antioxidative function. |
| PubMed: | Almonds in the diet simultaneously improve plasma alpha-tocopherol concentrations and reduce plasma lipids. |
| PubMed: | Vitamins C and E prevent endothelial VEGF and VEGFR-2 overexpression induced by porcine hypercholesterolemic LDL. |
| PubMed: | The cytotoxicity of vitamin E is both vitamer- and cell-specific and involves a selectable trait. |
| PubMed: | Antioxidant dehydrotocopherols as a new chemical character of Stemona species. |
| PubMed: | I read recently that foods high in vitamin E may be more beneficial than supplements containing vitamin E. Please explain. |
| PubMed: | Antioxidants, carotenoids, and risk of rectal cancer. |
| PubMed: | Vitamins C and E downregulate vascular VEGF and VEGFR-2 expression in apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice. |
| PubMed: | Fern constituents: dryocrassy formate, sitostanyl formate and 12alpha-hydroxyfern-9(11)-ene from Cyathea podophylla. |
| PubMed: | Serum vitamins and the subsequent risk of bladder cancer. |
| PubMed: | Vitamins A and E in serum in relation to weight and lung function in patients with advanced pulmonary disease. |
| PubMed: | Vitamin E biosynthesis: biochemistry meets cell biology. |
| PubMed: | Alpha-tocopherol induces expression of connective tissue growth factor and antagonizes tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated downregulation in human smooth muscle cells. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of gamma-tocopherol methyltransferases from Capsicum annuum L and Arabidopsis thaliana. |
| PubMed: | Alpha-tocopherol prevents apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells via a mechanism exceeding that of mere antioxidation. |
| PubMed: | Three series of high molecular weight alkanoates found in Amazonian plants. |
| PubMed: | Tocopherols enhance neurogenesis in dentate gyrus of adult rats. |
| PubMed: | Isolation and characterization of homogentisate phytyltransferase genes from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and Arabidopsis. |
| PubMed: | Oxidized low density lipoprotein-induced LFA-1-dependent adhesion and transendothelial migration of monocytes via the protein kinase C pathway. |
| PubMed: | The role of 2-methyl-6-phytylbenzoquinone methyltransferase in determining tocopherol composition in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. |
| PubMed: | Relationship between fatty acid profile and vitamin E content in maize hybrids (Zea mays L.). |
| PubMed: | Effects of dietary sesame seeds on plasma tocopherol levels. |
| PubMed: | Rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of retinol, alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene in human plasma and low-density lipoproteins. |
| PubMed: | Differential inhibition by alpha- and beta-tocopherol of human erythroleukemia cell adhesion: role of integrins. |
| PubMed: | Electron transport chain defect and inefficient respiration may underlie pulmonary hypertension syndrome (ascites)-associated mitochondrial dysfunction in broilers. |
| PubMed: | Effect of vitamin E on the development of atherosclerosis. |
| PubMed: | Analysis of olive and hazelnut oil mixtures by high-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry of triacylglycerols and gas-liquid chromatography of non-saponifiable compounds (tocopherols and sterols). |
| PubMed: | Specific cellular responses to alpha-tocopherol. |
| PubMed: | Vitamin E: non-antioxidant roles. |
| PubMed: | Vitamin E mediated response of smooth muscle cell to oxidant stress. |
| PubMed: | Modulation of alpha-tropomyosin expression by alpha-tocopherol in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. |
| PubMed: | Alpha-tocopherol decreases interleukin-1 beta release from activated human monocytes by inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase. |
| PubMed: | Alpha-tocopherol but not beta-tocopherol inhibits thrombin-induced PKC activation and endothelin secretion in endothelial cells. |
| PubMed: | alpha-tocopherol inhibits the respiratory burst in human monocytes. Attenuation of p47(phox) membrane translocation and phosphorylation. |
| PubMed: | Lycopene in association with alpha-tocopherol inhibits at physiological concentrations proliferation of prostate carcinoma cells. |
| PubMed: | alpha-Tocopherol specifically inactivates cellular protein kinase C alpha by changing its phosphorylation state. |
| PubMed: | alpha-Tocopherol protects PC12 cells from hyperoxia-induced apoptosis. |
| PubMed: | RRR-alpha-tocopherol regulation of gene transcription in response to the cell oxidant status. |
| PubMed: | Molecular basis of alpha-tocopherol control of smooth muscle cell proliferation. |
| PubMed: | Alpha-tocopherol as a modulator of smooth muscle cell proliferation. |
| PubMed: | Relative stability of carotenoid radical cations and homologue tocopheroxyl radicals. A real time kinetic study of antioxidant hierarchy. |
| PubMed: | The effect of alpha-tocopherol on the synthesis, phosphorylation and activity of protein kinase C in smooth muscle cells after phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate down-regulation. |
| PubMed: | Affinity for alpha-tocopherol transfer protein as a determinant of the biological activities of vitamin E analogs. |
| PubMed: | High D-glucose does not affect binding of alpha-tocopherol to human erythrocytes. |
| PubMed: | Signalling functions of alpha-tocopherol in smooth muscle cells. |
| PubMed: | The effect of alpha-tocopherol and beta-tocopherol on proliferation, protein kinase C activity and gene expression in different cell lines. |
| PubMed: | Certification of fat-soluble vitamins, carotenoids, and cholesterol in human serum: Standard Reference Material 968b. |
| PubMed: | The role of hydrogen peroxide and RRR-alpha-tocopherol in smooth muscle cell proliferation. |
| PubMed: | Tocopherols in camel's plasma and tissues. |
| PubMed: | d-alpha-tocopherol inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation occurs at physiological concentrations, correlates with protein kinase C inhibition, and is independent of its antioxidant properties. |
| PubMed: | Vitamin E: a sensor and an information transducer of the cell oxidation state. |
| PubMed: | Tocopherols and 6-hydroxy-chroman-2-carbonitrile derivatives inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by a nonantioxidant mechanism. |
| PubMed: | Modulation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor and protein kinase C by hydrogen peroxide and D-alpha-tocopherol in vascular smooth muscle cells. |
| PubMed: | d-alpha-tocopherol control of cell proliferation. |
| PubMed: | Isolation and properties of gamma-tocopherol methyltransferase in Euglena gracilis. |
| PubMed: | Molecular basis of alpha-tocopherol inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro. |
| PubMed: | Effects of the consumption of cigarettes, alcohol and foods on serum concentrations of carotenoids, retinol and tocopherols in healthy inhabitants living in a rural area of Hokkaido. |
| PubMed: | [Condition of cell membranes in simulated motion sickness and use of alpha-tocopherol]. |
| PubMed: | Physical and chemical scavenging of singlet molecular oxygen by tocopherols. |
| PubMed: | Response of whole blood, erythrocyte and plasma vitamin E content to dietary vitamin E intake in the chick. |
| PubMed: | Oral alpha-tocopherol supplements decrease plasma gamma-tocopherol levels in humans. |
| PubMed: | Tocopherols and tocotrienols in Finnish foods: human milk and infant formulas. |
| PubMed: | Vitamin E requirement of mink with special reference to tocopherol composition in plasma, liver, and adipose tissue. |
| PubMed: | Biopotency of vitamin E in barley. |
| PubMed: | High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of tocopherols and tocotrienols and its application to diets and plasma of Finnish men. II. Applications. |
| PubMed: | High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of tocopherols and tocotrienols and its application to diets and plasma of Finnish men. I. Analytical method. |
| PubMed: | Measurement of alpha-, beta-, and gamma tocopherol in serum by liquid chromatography. |
| PubMed: | Biological activity of vitamin E compounds and natural materials by the resorption-gestation test, and chemical determination of the vitamin E activity in foods and feeds. |
| PubMed: | Distribution of tocopherols in human plasma and red blood cells. |
| PubMed: | The uptake and utilization of beta-tocopherol by higher plants and algae. |
| PubMed: | Studies on vitamin E: The isolation of beta-tocopherol from wheat germ oil. |
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