styrax (liquidambar orientalis)
liquidambar orientalis
 
Notes:
tsca definition 2008: extractives and their physically modified derivatives. it consists primarily of resins, essential oils, and usually cinnamic and benzoic acids. (liquidambar styraciflua, hamamelidaceae).
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Name: liquidambar orientalis
CAS Number: 8046-19-3 
ECHA EC Number: 232-458-4
FDA UNII: P41GWD11CX
MDL: MFCD00131254
Category: spices, other natural seasonings and flavorings
 
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FEMA Number: 3036 storax (liquidambar orientalis)
FDA:No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF):8046-19-3 ; STORAX (LIQUIDAMBAR SPP.)
FDA Regulation:
FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION
Subpart F--Flavoring Agents and Related Substances
Sec. 172.510 Natural flavoring substances and natural substances used in conjunction with flavors.
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Physical Properties:
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Soluble in:
 water, 2911 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
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Organoleptic Properties:
 
Odor Type: balsamic
 
Odor Strength: medium
 
 storax  
Odor Description:
at 100.00 %. 
storax
 
 
Flavor Type: balsamic
 
 storax  
Taste Description:
storax
 
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
 
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Cosmetic Information:
None found
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Suppliers:
 None found
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Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: spices, other natural seasonings and flavorings
IFRA fragrance material specification:
 Crude gums of Liquidambar styraficula L. var. macrophylla or Liquidambar orientalis Mill. should not be used as fragrance ingredients: Only extracts or distillates (resinoids, absolutes and oils), prepared from exudations of Liquidambar styraciflua L. var. macrophylla or Liquidambar orientalis Mill., can be used.This recommendation is made in order to promote good manufacturing practice (GMP) for the use of styrax derivatives as fragrance ingredients. It is based on a wide variety of RIFM test data with gums, resinoids, absolutes and oils of American and Asian styrax (private communication to IFRA).
Recommendation for styrax (liquidambar orientalis) usage levels up to:
 PROHIBITED: Should not be used as a fragrance ingredient.
 
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 3
Click here to view publication 3
 average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: -23.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic): -2.00000
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: -300.00000
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: -2.00000
fruit ices: -2.00000
gelatins / puddings: --
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: -13.00000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: --
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: --
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --
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Safety References:
EPI System: View
Daily Med: search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): 8046-19-3
EPA ACToR: Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): Registry
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Data
WGK Germany: 1
 liquidambar orientalis
Chemidplus: 0008046193
EPA/NOAA CAMEO: hazardous materials
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References:
 liquidambar orientalis
Canada Domestic Sub. List: 8046-19-3
Pubchem (sid): 135303077
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Other Information:
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): View
FDA Listing of Food Additive Status: View
Wikipedia: View
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Potential Blenders and core components note
 
None Found
 
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Potential Uses:
 fumigant 
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Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
 liquidambar orientalis
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Synonyms:
 liquidambar orientalis
 storax (liquidambar orientalis)
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Articles:
PubMed: Protective effect and antioxidant role of sweetgum (Liquidambar orientalis) oil against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats.
PubMed: The antimicrobial activity of Liquidambar orientalis mill. against food pathogens and antioxidant capacity of leaf extracts.
PubMed: Fumigant toxicity of Oriental sweetgum (Liquidambar orientalis) and valerian (Valeriana wallichii) essential oils and their components, including their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, against Japanese termites (Reticulitermes speratus).
PubMed: Characterization of volatiles and anti-ulcerogenic effect of Turkish sweetgum balsam (Styrax liquidus).
PubMed: An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Marmaris (Muğla, Turkey).
PubMed: Effects of oriental sweet gum storax on porcine wound healing.
PubMed: Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of storax in vitro.
PubMed: A modified formulation of Chinese traditional medicine improves memory impairment and reduces Aβ level in the Tg-APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
PubMed: Sedative and anticonvulsant activities of styrax after oral and intranasal administration in mice.
PubMed: Nematicidal activity of plant essential oils and components from coriander (Coriandrum sativum), Oriental sweetgum (Liquidambar orientalis), and valerian (Valeriana wallichii) essential oils against pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus).
PubMed: Phylogeny and biogeography of Altingiaceae: evidence from combined analysis of five non-coding chloroplast regions.
PubMed: A study on inhibitory effects of Siğla tree (Liquidambar orientalis Mill. var. orientalis) storax against several bacteria.
PubMed: [Analysis of cinnamic acid in storax and its original plant by HPLC].
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