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Category: natural substances and extractives
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00 %
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 142.50 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 431.89 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
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| Flash Point: | 444.00 °F. TCC ( 229.10 °C. ) (est)
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| logP (o/w): | 5.024 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 2.599 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
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| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
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Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
intraperitoneal-mammal (species unspecified) LD50 44 mg/kg Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Vol. 21, Pg. 31, 1977.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | natural substances and extractives |
| Recommendation for embelin usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for embelin flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
References:
| | 2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Pubchem (cid): | 3218 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 135024675 |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| 2,5- | cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, 2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl- | | 2,5- | dihydroxy-3-undecyl-[1,4]benzoquinone | | 2,5- | dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone | | 2,5- | dihydroxy-3-undecyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione | | 2,5- | dihydroxy-3-undecyl-p-benzoquinone | | 2,5- | dihydroxy-3-undecylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione |
Articles:
| PubMed: | Protective Effects of Embelin on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Following Cardiac Arrest in a Rabbit Model. |
| PubMed: | XIAP inhibitors induce differentiation and impair clonogenic capacity of acute myeloid leukemia stem cells. |
| PubMed: | Exploiting natural products to build metalla-assemblies: the anticancer activity of embelin-derived Rh(III) and Ir(III) metalla-rectangles. |
| PubMed: | Cardioprotective effect of embelin on isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury in rats: possible involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. |
| PubMed: | Design, synthesis, and SAR of embelin analogues as the inhibitors of PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1). |
| PubMed: | Embelin suppresses growth of human pancreatic cancer xenografts, and pancreatic cancer cells isolated from KrasG12D mice by inhibiting Akt and Sonic hedgehog pathways. |
| PubMed: | Embelin reduces colitis-associated tumorigenesis through limiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling. |
| PubMed: | Embelin inhibits endothelial mitochondrial respiration and impairs neoangiogenesis during tumor growth and wound healing. |
| PubMed: | Discovery of novel second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase mimetics as selective inhibitor of apoptosis protein inhibitors. |
| PubMed: | XIAP antagonist embelin inhibited proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cells. |
| PubMed: | Thermosensitive injectable hydrogel enhances the antitumor effect of embelin in mouse hepatocellular carcinoma. |
| PubMed: | Activation of p38/JNK pathway is responsible for embelin induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells: transitional role of reactive oxygen species. |
| PubMed: | Embelin - a drug of antiquity: shifting the paradigm towards modern medicine. |
| PubMed: | XIAP inhibitor and antiestrogen embelin abrogates metastasis and augments apoptosis in estrogen receptor positive human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7. |
| PubMed: | Embelin suppresses pancreatic cancer growth by modulating tumor immune microenvironment. |
| PubMed: | Effect of Embelin on TRAIL receptor 2 mAb-induced apoptosis of TRAIL-resistant A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells. |
| PubMed: | Embelin suppresses dendritic cell functions and limits autoimmune encephalomyelitis through the TGF-β/β-catenin and STAT3 signaling pathways. |
| PubMed: | Anti-tumor activity of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) inhibitor embelin in gastric cancer cells. |
| PubMed: | Ellagic acid and embelin affect key cellular components of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, cancer, and stellate cells. |
| PubMed: | Stress degradation studies on embelin. |
| PubMed: | Elevated cell proliferation and VEGF production by high-glucose conditions in Müller cells involve XIAP. |
| PubMed: | Multicomponent synthesis of antibacterial dihydropyridin and dihydropyran embelin derivatives. |
| PubMed: | Potent inhibition of human 5-lipoxygenase and microsomal prostaglandin E₂ synthase-1 by the anti-carcinogenic and anti-inflammatory agent embelin. |
| PubMed: | Anti-diabetic activity of embelin: involvement of cellular inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress and other biomarkers. |
| PubMed: | Probing p300/CBP associated factor (PCAF)-dependent pathways with a small molecule inhibitor. |
| PubMed: | Embelin-induced brain glioma cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via the mitochondrial pathway. |
| PubMed: | Embelin induces apoptosis in human glioma cells through inactivating NF-κB. |
| PubMed: | Structural insight into inactivation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 by a small-molecule antagonist. |
| PubMed: | Embelin-induced MCF-7 breast cancer cell apoptosis and blockade of MCF-7 cells in the G2/M phase via the mitochondrial pathway. |
| PubMed: | Hemisynthesis of selected embelin analogs and investigation of their proapoptotic activity against cancer cells. |
| PubMed: | Embelin accelerates cutaneous wound healing in diabetic rats. |
| PubMed: | PEG-derivatized embelin as a nanomicellar carrier for delivery of paclitaxel to breast and prostate cancers. |
| PubMed: | In-vivo and In-vitro Activities of Medicinal Plants on Ecto, Endo and Haemoparasitic Infections: A review. |
| PubMed: | Embelin-induced apoptosis of HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and blockade of HepG2 cells in the G2/M phase via the mitochondrial pathway. |
| PubMed: | Insulin sensitization via partial agonism of PPARγ and glucose uptake through translocation and activation of GLUT4 in PI3K/p-Akt signaling pathway by embelin in type 2 diabetic rats. |
| PubMed: | Embelin inhibits growth and induces apoptosis through the suppression of Akt/mTOR/S6K1 signaling cascades. |
| PubMed: | PEG-derivatized embelin as a dual functional carrier for the delivery of paclitaxel. |
| PubMed: | Inhibition of UVB-induced oxidative damage and apoptotic biochemical changes in human lymphocytes by 2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone (embelin). |
| PubMed: | The flavonolignan silibinin potentiates TRAIL-induced apoptosis in human colon adenocarcinoma and in derived TRAIL-resistant metastatic cells. |
| PubMed: | XIAP inhibition and generation of reactive oxygen species enhances TRAIL sensitivity in inflammatory breast cancer cells. |
| PubMed: | Combination therapy of antiandrogen and XIAP inhibitor for treating advanced prostate cancer. |
| PubMed: | Preventive effect of embelin from embelia ribes on lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats. |
| PubMed: | Co-expression of XIAP and cyclin D1 complex correlates with a poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. |
| PubMed: | Estimation of Embelin in Embelia tsjeriam-cottam Fruits by HPLC to Standardize Harvesting Time. |
| PubMed: | Antioxidant activity and protection of pancreatic β-cells by embelin in streptozotocin-induced diabetes. |
| PubMed: | Redox and non-redox mechanism of in vitro cyclooxygenase inhibition by natural quinones. |
| PubMed: | Inhibition of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis with embelin differentially affects male versus female behavioral outcome following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rats. |
| PubMed: | Bioinformatics in crosslinking chemistry of collagen with selective cross linkers. |
| PubMed: | Natural IAP inhibitor Embelin enhances therapeutic efficacy of ionizing radiation in prostate cancer. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis and evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of most active free radical scavenging derivatives of embelin-A structure-activity relationship. |
| PubMed: | Protective effect of embelin from Embelia ribes Burm. against transient global ischemia-induced brain damage in rats. |
| PubMed: | miR-23a regulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) contributes to sex differences in the response to cerebral ischemia. |
| PubMed: | Embelin suppresses STAT3 signaling, proliferation, and survival of multiple myeloma via the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTEN. |
| PubMed: | Embelin reduces cutaneous TNF-α level and ameliorates skin edema in acute and chronic model of skin inflammation in mice. |
| PubMed: | Embelin ameliorates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice. |
| PubMed: | Protective effect of embelin against acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis in rats. |
| PubMed: | Chemopreventive and hepatoprotective effects of embelin on N-nitrosodiethylamine and carbon tetrachloride induced preneoplasia and toxicity in rat liver. |
| PubMed: | [Effect of Embelin on proliferation, differentiation and aopotosis of HL-60 cells.] |
| PubMed: | Chemical speciation of binary complexes of embelin with some biologically important metal ions. |
| PubMed: | WITHDRAWN: Evaluation of antidiabetic effect of embelin from Embelia ribes in alloxan induced diabetes in rats. |
| PubMed: | Embelin suppresses osteoclastogenesis induced by receptor activator of NF-κB ligand and tumor cells in vitro through inhibition of the NF-κB cell signaling pathway. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis and characterization of amphiphilic lipopolymers for micellar drug delivery. |
| PubMed: | RP-HPLC-DAD method for the estimation of embelin as marker in Embelia ribes and its polyherbal formulations. |
| PubMed: | XIAP gene expression protects β-cells and human islets from apoptotic cell death. |
| PubMed: | Prognostic significance of XIAP expression in DLBCL and effect of its inhibition on AKT signalling. |
| PubMed: | Embelin induces apoptosis through down-regulation of XIAP in human leukemia cells. |
| PubMed: | Anticonvulsant activity of embelin isolated from Embelia ribes. |
| PubMed: | Comparative in vitro bioactivities of tea extracts from six species of Ardisia and their effect on growth inhibition of HepG2 cells. |
| PubMed: | X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein inhibits apoptosis in inflammatory breast cancer cells with acquired resistance to an ErbB1/2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor. |
| PubMed: | Activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by the pro-apoptotic drug embelin: Striking discrepancy between nitric oxide-mediated cyclic GMP accumulation and L-citrulline formation. |
| PubMed: | Lysosomal destabilization and cathepsin B contributes for cytochrome c release and caspase activation in embelin-induced apoptosis. |
| PubMed: | XIAP-mediated protection of H460 lung cancer cells against cisplatin. |
| PubMed: | Effects of embelin on lipid peroxidation and free radical scavenging activity against liver damage in rats. |
| PubMed: | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma contributes to the inhibitory effects of Embelin on colon carcinogenesis. |
| PubMed: | Micellar delivery of bicalutamide and embelin for treating prostate cancer. |
| PubMed: | The XIAP inhibitor Embelin enhances TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in malignant glioma cells by down-regulation of the short isoform of FLIP. |
| PubMed: | Cell-penetrating peptide-conjugated XIAP-inhibitory cyclic hexapeptides enter into Jurkat cells and inhibit cell proliferation. |
| PubMed: | Protein-protein recognition as a first step towards the inhibition of XIAP and Survivin anti-apoptotic proteins. |
| PubMed: | Trastuzumab signaling in ErbB2-overexpressing inflammatory breast cancer correlates with X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein expression. |
| PubMed: | Effect of the XIAP inhibitor Embelin on TRAIL-induced apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. |
| PubMed: | Free radical scavenging reactions and antioxidant activity of embelin: biochemical and pulse radiolytic studies. |
| PubMed: | Microwave-assisted extraction of embelin from Embelia ribes. |
| PubMed: | Wound healing activity of embelin isolated from the ethanol extract of leaves of Embelia ribes Burm. |
| PubMed: | Embelin, an inhibitor of X chromosome-linked inhibitor-of-apoptosis protein, blocks nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) signaling pathway leading to suppression of NF-kappaB-regulated antiapoptotic and metastatic gene products. |
| PubMed: | Design, synthesis, and characterization of new embelin derivatives as potent inhibitors of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein. |
| PubMed: | Effects of administration of Embelin and Curcumin on lipid peroxidation, hepatic glutathione antioxidant defense and hematopoietic system during N-nitrosodiethylamine/Phenobarbital-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Wistar rats. |
| PubMed: | Cell death in pancreatitis: caspases protect from necrotizing pancreatitis. |
| PubMed: | Embelin derivatives and their anticancer activity through microtubule disassembly. |
| PubMed: | Chemopreventive effects of embelin and curcumin against N-nitrosodiethylamine/phenobarbital-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Wistar rats. |
| PubMed: | Cytotoxic activity of embelin from Lysimachia punctata. |
| PubMed: | Anti-fertility effects of embelin in female Sprague-Dawley rats may be due to suppression of ovarian function. |
| PubMed: | New compounds from the seeds of Embelia ribes Burm. |
| PubMed: | Discovery of embelin as a cell-permeable, small-molecular weight inhibitor of XIAP through structure-based computational screening of a traditional herbal medicine three-dimensional structure database. |
| PubMed: | Evaluation of anthelmintic properties of extracts from some plants used as livestock dewormers by pastoralist and smallholder farmers in Kenya against Heligmosomoides polygyrus infections in mice. |
| PubMed: | Bioactive alkyl phenols and embelin from Oxalis erythrorhiza. |
| PubMed: | Antibacterial activity of embelin. |
| PubMed: | Ardisiphenols and other antioxidant principles from the fruits of Ardisia colorata. |
| PubMed: | Electrochemically synthesized polymer of the plant substance embelin (2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone). |
| PubMed: | Inhibitory effects of sudanese medicinal plant extracts on hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease. |
| PubMed: | A TLC Identification and Spectrophotometric Estimation of Embelin in Embelia ribes. |
| PubMed: | Anthelmintic usage of extracts of Embelia schimperi from Tanzania. |
| PubMed: | [3H]-thymidine uptake and lipid peroxidation by tumor cells on embelin treatment: an in vitro study. |
| PubMed: | Antitumor, anti-inflammatory and analgesic property of embelin, a plant product. |
| PubMed: | Determination of estrogenic/antiestrogenic potential of antifertility substances using rat uterine peroxidase assay. |
| PubMed: | Changes in the concentrations of testosterone, luteinising hormone and progesterone associated with administration of embelin. |
| PubMed: | Effects of embelin, a male antifertility agent, on absorptive and digestive functions of rat intestine. |
| PubMed: | Binding of potassium [3H]embelate to rat brain synaptosomes. |
| PubMed: | Interaction of benzoquinones with mitochondria interferes with oxidative phosphorylation characteristics. |
| PubMed: | Changes in glucose/amino acid/calcium uptake and brush-border membrane-associated enzymes in rat small intestine after the administration of embelin (plant benzoquinone), an antifertility agent. |
| PubMed: | Toxicity studies with potassium embelate, a new analgesic compound. |
| PubMed: | Kinetic fate of potassium embelate, a non-narcotic centrally acting analgesic after oral and intravenous administration. |
| PubMed: | [Studies on the chemical composition of Lysimachia fortunei Maxim]. |
| PubMed: | Changes in brain calcium content and CA(++)-ATPase activity in potassium embelate treated rats. |
| PubMed: | Possible interaction of potassium embelate, a putative analgesic agent, with opiate receptors. |
| PubMed: | Antispermatogenic effect of embelin, a plant benzoquinone, on male albino rats in vivo and in vitro. |
| PubMed: | Energy reserves of the brain during potassium embelate-induced antinociception in rat. |
| PubMed: | Antifertility effects of embelin in male rats. |
| PubMed: | Visual deficits and retinotoxicity caused by the naturally occurring anthelmintics, Embelia ribes and Hagenia abyssinica. |
| PubMed: | Non-narcotic orally effective, centrally acting analgesic from an Ayurvedic drug. |
| PubMed: | Reversible contraception like activity of embelin in male dogs (Canis indicus Linn). |
| PubMed: | Antifertility investigations on embelin -- an oral contraceptive of plant origin. Part I -- Biological properties. |
| PubMed: | Antifertility properties of Embelia ribes : (embelin). |
| PubMed: | Antifertility properties of Embelia ribes. |
| PubMed: | Biochemical changes in the uterus & cervix of ovariectomized rats treated with Embelin. |
| PubMed: | Phosphatase activity in testis and prostate of rats treated with embelin and Vinca rosea extract. |
| PubMed: | Biochemical changes in the uterus & uterine fluid of mated rats treated with Embelin--a non-steroidal oral contraceptive. |
| PubMed: | Some pharmacological investigations of embelin and its semisynthetic derivatives. |
| PubMed: | In vitro anthelmintic activity of disalts of embelin. |
| PubMed: | Antifertility activity of embelin in albino rats. |
| PubMed: | [Derivatives of methylenedioxybenzene. 35. A novel synthesis of 3,6 dihydroxy-2-ethyl-1,4-benzoquinone, embelin, vilangin, rapanone, dihydromaesaquinone, bhogatin, spinulosin and oosporein]. |
| PubMed: | [STUDY OF VERMIFUGES. I. ISOLATION OF EMBELIN FROM THE FRUIT OF MUGUA-WHA (EMBELIA OBLONGIFOLIA HEMSL.)]. |
| PubMed: | Synthesis of embelin, rapoanne and related quinones by peroxide alkylation. |
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