|
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 96.00 to 100.00 %
|
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Specific Gravity: | 0.96200 @ 25.00 °C.
|
| Refractive Index: | 1.51400 @ 20.00 °C.
|
| Melting Point: | 18.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Boiling Point: | 254.00 to 256.00 °C. @ 764.00 mm Hg
|
| Vapor Pressure: | 0.010000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Vapor Density: | 5.6 ( Air = 1 ) |
| Flash Point: | 235.00 °F. TCC ( 112.78 °C. )
|
| logP (o/w): | 3.790 |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, 123.8 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
| Insoluble in: |
| | water |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor Strength: | low |
| |
Odor Description: at 100.00 %. | mild phenolic |
| |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
| |
| |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | Xn - Harmful. |
R 22 - Harmful if swallowed. R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke. S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
|
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
| |
| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
intravenous-dog LD50 30 mg/kg Gekkan Yakuji. Pharmaceuticals Monthly. Vol. 38, Pg. 1117, 1996.
intravenous-man LDLo 386 mg/kg/14D- LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: PLEURAL THICKENING Critical Care Medicine. Vol. 23, Pg. 1928, 1995.
unreported-man TDLo 2857 ug/kg/1D- BEHAVIORAL: "HALLUCINATIONS, DISTORTED PERCEPTIONS"
BEHAVIORAL: REGIDITY
BEHAVIORAL: IRRITABILITY Anaesthesia. Vol. 43, Pg. 170, 1988.
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 170 mg/kg Journal of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Vol. 2, Pg. 201, 1960.
intravenous-mouse LD50 50 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC
BEHAVIORAL: ANALGESIA
BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. Vol. 23, Pg. 1350, 1980.
oral-mouse LD50 1100 mg/kg Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. Vol. 26, Pg. 953, 1995.
intravenous-rabbit LDLo 20 mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS
BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC
BEHAVIORAL: SLEEP Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. Vol. 23, Pg. 1350, 1980.
intravenous-rat LD50 42 mg/kg Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Vol. 21, Pg. 11, 1993.
oral-rat LD50 500 mg/kg Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. Vol. 26, Pg. 953, 1995.
|
| Dermal Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
| Inhalation Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | ampofol | | | aquafol | | | aquavan | | 2,6- | di-iso-propylphenol | | 2,6- | di-isopropylphenol | | 2,6- | di(propan-2-yl)phenol | | 2,6- | diiso propyl phenol | | | diisopropyl-2 6 phenol | | 2,6- | diisopropyl-phenol | | | diisopropylphenol | | 2,6- | diisopropylphenol | | | dipravan | | | diprivan 10 | | 2,6- | dipropan-2-ylphenol | | | disoprivan | | | disoprofol | | | fresofol | | | ivofol | | 2,6-bis(1- | methylethyl)benzolol | | 2,6-bis( | methylethyl)phenol | | 2,6-bis(1- | methylethyl)phenol | | | phenol, 2,6-bis(1-methylethyl)- | | | phenol, 2,6-diisopropyl- | | 2,6-bis( | propan-2-yl)phenol | | | propofol | | | propofolum | | 2,6-bis(iso | propyl) phenol | | 2,6-bis(iso | propyl)-phenol | | 2,6-bis(iso | propyl)phenol | | | rapinovet | | | recofol |
Articles:
| PubMed: | Propofol infusion associated metabolic acidosis in patients undergoing neurosurgical anesthesia: a retrospective study. |
| PubMed: | Protective effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on propofol-induced toxicity in embryonic neural stem cells. |
| PubMed: | Propofol administration is safe in adult eosinophilic esophagitis patients sensitized to egg, soy, or peanut. |
| PubMed: | Drugs and the death penalty. |
| PubMed: | Effects of propofol on expression of hippocampal neuronal nitric oxide synthase and carboxy-terminal PDZ ligand of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in stressed rats undergoing electroconvulsive shock. |
| PubMed: | Entropy correlates with Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients. |
| PubMed: | Simultaneous determination of 11 related impurities in propofol by gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry coupled with pulsed splitless injection technique. |
| PubMed: | Acitretin exhibits inhibitory effects towards UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)1A9-mediated 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) and propofol glucuronidation reaction. |
| PubMed: | Anaesthetic considerations for endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography procedures. |
| PubMed: | US Propofol Drug Shortages: A Review of the Problem and Stakeholder Analysis. |
| PubMed: | Claw amphiphiles with a dendrimer core: nanoparticle stability and drug encapsulation are directly proportional to the number of digits. |
| PubMed: | Assessment of oxidative stress and antioxidant property using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. |
| PubMed: | Evaluation of sigmoidal maturation and allometric models: prediction of propofol clearance in neonates and infants. |
| PubMed: | Self-administration of propofol is mediated by dopamine D1 receptors in nucleus accumbens in rats. |
| PubMed: | Effects of propofol on the activation of hippocampal CaMKIIα in depressed rats receiving electroconvulsive therapy. |
| PubMed: | Propofol allergy: assessing for patient risks. |
| PubMed: | [Fospropofol: A new prodrug of propofol]. |
| PubMed: | Dexmedetomidine: a guide to its use for sedation in the US. |
| PubMed: | Identification of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms involved in hepatic and intestinal glucuronidation of phytochemical carvacrol. |
| PubMed: | When one drug affects 2 patients: a review of medication for the management of nonlabor-related pain, sedation, infection, and hypertension in the hospitalized pregnant patient. |
| PubMed: | Safe injection practices for administration of propofol. |
| PubMed: | Dependence potential of propofol: behavioral pharmacology in rodents. |
| PubMed: | Potential hypersensitivity due to the food or food additive content of medicinal products in Spain. |
| PubMed: | Pharmacokinetics of ketamine and propofol combination administered as ketofol via continuous infusion in cats. |
| PubMed: | Propofol sedation for ERCP procedures: a dilemna? Observations from an anesthesia perspective. |
| PubMed: | Differential involvement of GABAA and GABAB receptors in propofol self-administration in rats. |
| PubMed: | Drug shortage. |
| PubMed: | Procedural sedation practices in Australian Emergency Departments. |
| PubMed: | Anaesthesia of three young grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) for fracture repair. |
| PubMed: | Non-anaesthesiologists should not be allowed to administer propofol for procedural sedation: a Consensus Statement of 21 European National Societies of Anaesthesia. |
| PubMed: | Anesthesia in the patient with multiple drug allergies: are all allergies the same? |
| PubMed: | Allergic reactions to propofol in egg-allergic children. |
| PubMed: | Computer-assisted personalized sedation. |
| PubMed: | My patient is allergic to eggs, can i use propofol? A case report and review. |
| PubMed: | Why are there so many drug shortages? |
| PubMed: | Administration of propofol. |
| PubMed: | The reality of drug shortages--the case of the injectable agent propofol. |
| PubMed: | Identification of the human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases involved in the glucuronidation of combretastatin A-4. |
| PubMed: | [Unexpected vomiting during anesthetic induction in a patient with a history of anterosternal esophageal reconstruction]. |
| PubMed: | Off-label medication use in an academic hospital pediatric critical care unit. |
| PubMed: | Schedule of controlled substances; placement of fospropofol into schedule IV. Final rule. |
| PubMed: | Fospropofol: a new sedative-hypnotic agent for monitored anesthesia care. |
| PubMed: | Fospropofol disodium, a water-soluble prodrug of the intravenous anesthetic propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol). |
| PubMed: | Effect of administration of propofol and xylazine hydrochloride on recovery of horses after four hours of anesthesia with desflurane. |
| PubMed: | Anesthesia or sedation for gastroenterologic endoscopies. |
| PubMed: | The effect of postoperative fasting on vomiting in children and their assessment of pain. |
| PubMed: | Self-limited febrile syndromes temporally associated with the use of propofol for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures. |
| PubMed: | Fospropofol approved for monitored anesthesia care. |
| PubMed: | Delirium at the end of life. |
| PubMed: | Use of propofol in patients with food allergies. |
| PubMed: | Questions unanswered: propofol use in the pediatric intensive care unit. |
| PubMed: | [Elective colon resection in Germany. A survey of the perioperative anesthesiological management]. |
| PubMed: | Use of anesthetic agents in neonates and young children. |
| PubMed: | Delirium at the end of life. |
| PubMed: | Respiratory failure due to morbid obesity in a patient with Prader-Willi syndrome: an experience of long-term mechanical ventilation. |
| PubMed: | Reports of death with use of propofol (Diprivan) for nonprocedural (long-term) sedation and literature review. |
| PubMed: | Nurse-administered propofol sedation: a review of current evidence. |
| PubMed: | Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in a six-year-old girl suffering from major depressive disorder with catatonic features. |
| PubMed: | The propofol controversy. |
| PubMed: | The propofol debate continues. |
| PubMed: | Sedation and analgesia for gastrointestinal endoscopy during pregnancy. |
| PubMed: | The major role of clinicians in the discovery of off-label drug therapies. |
| PubMed: | Use of intravenous steroids at induction of anaesthesia for adult tonsillectomy to reduce post-operative nausea and vomiting and pain: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. |
| PubMed: | Propofol 6% as sedative in children under 2 years of age following major craniofacial surgery. |
| PubMed: | Droperidol and dolasetron alone or in combination for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after vitrectomy. |
| PubMed: | Safety of sodium phosphate tablets in patients receiving propofol-based sedation for colonoscopy. |
| PubMed: | Efficacy and safety of endoscopic dilation of esophageal strictures in epidermolysis bullosa. |
| PubMed: | Glucuronidation as a mechanism of intrinsic drug resistance in human colon cancer: reversal of resistance by food additives. |
| PubMed: | The FDA warning against prolonged sedation with propofol in children remains warranted. |
| PubMed: | Pediatric drug labeling: improving the safety and efficacy of pediatric therapies. |
| PubMed: | [Caloric overload in critically ill patients treated with parenteral nutrition]. |
| PubMed: | Differential role of leptin receptors at the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in tonic regulation of food intake and cardiovascular functions. |
| PubMed: | Propofol syndrome in children. |
| PubMed: | Possible anaphylaxis after propofol in a child with food allergy. |
| PubMed: | Gastroenterologist-administered propofol versus meperidine and midazolam for advanced upper endoscopy: a prospective, randomized trial. |
| PubMed: | Propofol does not modify the hemodynamic status of children with intracardiac shunts undergoing cardiac catheterization. |
| PubMed: | Microchip vagal pacing reduces food intake and body mass. |
| PubMed: | The effect of propofol administered intravenously on appetite stimulation in dogs. |
| PubMed: | Enhanced intestinal motility influences absorption in anaesthetized rat. |
| PubMed: | Propofol improves recovery from paraquat acute toxicity in vitro and in vivo. |
| PubMed: | 'Diprivan': a change of formulation. |
| PubMed: | Comparison of the intravenous reinforcing effects of propofol and methohexital in baboons. |
| PubMed: | Propofol containing sulfite-potential for injury. |
| PubMed: | Antioxidant effects of propofol in human hepatic microsomes: concentration effects and clinical relevance. |
| PubMed: | "Preservatives" in propofol. |
| PubMed: | Effect of enteral versus parenteral feeding on hepatic blood flow and steady state propofol pharmacokinetics in ICU patients. |
| PubMed: | Muscimol-like discriminative stimulus effects of GABA agonists in rats. |
| PubMed: | [Ban of the use of metomidate (Hypnodil) in swine. Background, consequences and alternatives]. |
| PubMed: | Pharmacologic influence on nutrition support therapy: use of propofol in a patient receiving combined enteral and parenteral nutrition support. |
| PubMed: | The publication of commercially supported supplements statement. |
| PubMed: | How do anesthesiologists select patients when introducing a new drug into practice? |
| PubMed: | The initial clinical experience of 1819 physicians in maintaining anesthesia with propofol: characteristics associated with prolonged time to awakening. |
| PubMed: | Endogenous Candida endophthalmitis after intravenous anesthesia with propofol. |
| PubMed: | A method for quantitative analysis of flavor-tainting alkylphenols and aromatic thiols in fish. |
|